ОСНОВНИЯТ ВЪПРОС НА ЕТНОЛОГИЯТА

Author(s): Konstantin Rangochev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The main question of ethnology is: What is the attitude of the researchers (ethnologists, folklorists, anthropologists, and in general researchers in humanities) towards the spiritual word, that is, towards the religious and mythological believes and ideas. What is their answer to the fundamental question if there are two worlds, material and spiritual, or is there only one world, the material one? A researcher could take only one of these two positions. A constituent premise for solving this question is the understanding that the Bulgarian, the so-called “folklore person”, till recent time is homo religiosus, that is a person who lives in and through the religious world. If ethnologists do not have this view point, how could they interpret the phenomena of present-day Bulgarian folklore culture?

ПРОИЗХОД И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ НА НЯКОИ СЕЛИЩНИ ИМЕНА В САМОКОВСКО

Author(s): Georgi Zahov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

In this article; we will examine the question concerning the roots and the meaning of the settlements: Samokov; Alino; Belchin and Popovyane. Each name is key to unveiling moments of their history and establishment. We begin with the earliest historical records of the settlements; to give us context about the meaning of their names. The available historical sources are dated between the middle of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century. These names; with little exemptions; remain unchanged to this day. Their toponyms predate the Turkish slavery in the region.

АВЕРКИЙ ПОПСТОЯНОВ – БУНТАР И ПРОПОВЕДНИК

Author(s): Venezia Tomova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The text contain the information about Averkiy – one of those Bulgarians, whose particular deserts for the development of the school deed, the fight against the Phanariots, the literature and the national revolutionary fights. He is also a cleric, and author of church chants, and figure of the Bulgarian national Renaissance. He was born in Dupnitsa in 1802 in the family of a priest. As for many figures of the period of the Renaissance there is not much kept information. Averkiy has worked as a teacher for many years. From 1858 to 1878 he is an abbot in the Monastery of Osogovo – “St. Yoakim Osogovski” (today’s Republic of North Macedonia). After the liberation, the Monastery of Osogovo stays within the borders of the Ottoman Empire – this is the reason to movement of Averkiy to the Zhablenski monastery (in the area of Radomir, Bulgaria). He spends his last years reconstructing the monastery Averkiy dies in 1881. We determine Averkiy as a collective figure of the fighters of the epoch of the Bulgarian Renaissance. Clever, highly- educated, devout and sacrificial. This is him – worker for the enlightenment and literature, fighter for church independence, rebellion and preacher.

Кримската война в дневниците на кралица Виктория

Author(s): Lubomir Krustev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

This paper is investigating how the Crimean War (1853 – 1856) was depicted in the Journals of Queen Victoria. The Queen's Journals are a valuable source of information about this phase of the Eastern Question. They can provide an important perspective on the conflict between the West and Russia.

Нова книга на български език за занаята на историците от проф. Марк Бооне

Author(s): Ivan Biliarsky / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Книга за историята на морския град Бяла

Author(s): Asen Kozhuharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Кръгла маса за Васил Левски и четничеството

Author(s): Dora Chausheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Научна конференция на тема „Дилеми на развитието“

Author(s): Ivan Roussev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

ВИНОВАТА ЛОЗА, ВИНИЦА, VINEAM …

Author(s): Julijana Ivanova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 20/2021

There is an old legend that tells a story about the origins of the name of the town Vinica, which is located in the east of R.N. Macedonia. According to the legend, long time ago there was a severe drought in the town and because of the lack of water and abundance of wine, when 163 building houses people used wine to make mortar. And the town got its name. But opposed to the legend there are old written sources in which the toponym Vinica is mentioned. It was first documented in the Slavic written monuments from the 16th century. The name is of Slavic origins and means a place where vine grows, vineyard. People of Vinica have always been known for growing large areas of quality vine and production of good quality wine. We have learned from the historical sources that the first vineyards here were cultivated even in the ancient times, at the time of Roman arrival. During the archeological excavations in Vinica area various mobile materials made of metal and ceramics from different periods was found on which vines (grapes) are engraved as decorative ornaments. Among the most exhibited is the ceramic relief ‘79 Psalm of Asaf” (Grapevine), part of the world famous Terracotta reliefs, on which, in the central part a grapevine with grapes is depicted. This relief that has inscription VINEAM in its upper part today is recognizable trademark of the town under Vinichko Kale.

СВ. ТЕОДОР, ТОДОРОВА САБОТА – ПРАЗНИК НА ЉУБОВТА

Author(s): Blagitsa Stojanova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 20/2021

In the eastern part of R. N. Macedonia, under the slopes of the mountain Plachkovica is the city of Vinica. With exceptional natural wealth and predispositions, it has always been a place where many civilizations, traditions and cultures intertwined and complemented each other. The celebrating and respecting of the religious holidays, among which the holiday dedicated to St. Theodore is especially important, are part of the rich Vinica tradition. Theodore’s Saturday or Todorica is a holiday dedicated to the Holy Great Martyr Theodore. This Orthodox Christian holiday does not have a permanent date but is celebrated on the first Saturday of Easter 306 fasting, i.e. on the first Saturday after Procka (the Holiday of forgiveness). Although Theodore’s Saturday is a church holiday and this is indicated by many customs that are performed in the church, on this day there are also many customs performed that originate from much older times. In our region, in Vinica, this holiday is marked by two significant events. One of the events is connected with the church where on this day all newlywed brides (wedded from March of the previous year to this year’s) gather together with their mothers-in-law, the young daughters-in-law bow to their mothers-in-law and kiss their hands and their mothers-in-law give them presents. This custom has been practiced for years. The second event is related to the event “Theodore’s races” where people take part in sports games with a competitive and fun spirit, which were practiced by our ancestors hundreds of years ago. People from 7 to 77 years old take part in these races. This is also the most massive event held in Vinica. Proof that this saint was revered a long time ago in these parts of the country, is the “Terracotta icons” St. Theodore from the 5th – 6th century found at the archeological site Vinichko Kale.

„МАЛТА, ГРАДА ГОЛЯМА“ ИЛИ КОЙ Е ГРАДЪТ ОТ БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ НАРОДНИ ПЕСНИ С МОТИВ „ДЕВОЙКА СПАСЯВА МАЛТА“

Author(s): Snezhanka Gencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

This article presents the application of mathematical analysis in reading folklore and argues for the significance of the method to study historical sources. This work also shows which is the city, described in the Bulgarian folk songs with a motif “A Virgin rescues Malta”.

Краеведът Христо Фъргов – един живот, отдаден на Карлово

Author(s): Aleksandar Zlatanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The following contribution examines the life and activities of one of the greatest researchers of Karlovo’s history – Hristo G. Fargov (1895–1978). As a descendant of old families of Karlovo, he devoted his entire life to his hometown. The most prominent Bulgarian scientists who worked on various topics related to the town and the region of Karlovo, as well as a number of state institutions and institutes have fully benefited from his large-scale research, cultural, and public work. In the 20th century, there was almost no researcher working on Karlovo, to whom Hristo Fargov did not help in every possible way with his vast knowledge, contacts and rich archive. However, until today he is almost unknown to the general public and to the professional historians. This article aims to revive the memory of this great citizen of Karlovo, public figure and researcher.

Религиозно обучение и възпитание в българските и циганските евангелски общности до 1944 г.

Author(s): Magdalena Slavkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article makes an overview of the development of missionary activities of the Protestant denominations of different backgrounds in Bulgaria from the second half of the 19th century to 1944. It studies the religious education and upbringing of young people of Bulgarian and Gypsy origins. Using historical and archival sources, and ethnographic fieldwork as methods of work, this text aims to show that the most important part of the development of the church communities is the training of their members. Education in evangelical morality is also a key element in the socialization of every Evangelical Christian.

Роля и функции на Института за чуждестранни студенти в София през 60-те и първата половина на 70-те години на ХХ в.

Author(s): Gabriela Boneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article traces the initial period of the development of the Institute of Foreign Students in Sofia, Bulgaria (1963–1976). The institute was established in 1963 in order to meet the needs of a specialized institution which had to take care of the education of the citizens coming from the so called Third World countries. Students went through a preparatory department within one academic year. At the Institute they studied mainly Bulgarian language, but also general education and ideological subjects, and then continued their studies in secondary and higher Bulgarian educational institutions. The institution was important because it was the first place in which foreign citizens had the opportunity to get acquainted with the Bulgarian state and the regime, culture and customs of the People’s Republic of Bulgaria.

Руската богослужебна книга в българските земи след Кримската война (по материали от архива на Найден Геров) II част

Author(s): Antoaneta Kirilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article is a continuation of a study published in 2012 in the journal “Historical Review” under the same title. Here the author summarizes data on Russian liturgical books delivered to the Bulgarian lands at the request and with the assistance of the Russian Vice Consul in Plovdiv Naiden Gerov. The information was found in the archive fund of N. Gerov in the Bulgarian Historical Archive at the National Library “St. St. Cyril and Methodius” (NBCM–BIA) after the publication of the study, published in 2012.

Един документ, свидетелстващ за християнската етика и обществената ангажираност на българите в Oтечеството и в емиграция (Румъния) през 60-те години на XIX век

Author(s): Ivaylo Naydenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The proposed article pays attention to a document that provides valuable information in two directions. The first one is related to the Christian moral norms typical for the period of the Bulgarian National Revival. The second direction is related to the public self-organization and charity. The mentioned document is a letter (from 1860) sent by the notables of Tarnovo to their fellow countrymen in Ottoman Bulgaria, and in Romania (Bucharest) in order to help financially and morally their fellow-citizen Mihail Vasilev. He was a guild member (a furrier) and a merchant who became very poor in 1860. Probably the reasons for his pauperization were related to the specific economic and financial situation in the Ottoman Empire after the Crimean War (1853–1856). The negative factors caused by the war forced Mihail to leave the urban setting, and settle down in Romania. It is interesting to note that the spirit of Christian ethical norms (goodness, charity, compassion) influences the content of the whole document. The notables of Tarnovo urged their compatriots in the Bulgarian lands, and in Romania to help the needy and his family (a wife and five daughters). There are also some clues about merchants, their profession and wealth; the role of basic moral principles such as honesty. Last but not least, the discussed primary source can give the opportunity to assess the importance of self-organization of Bulgarians to help each other. Their social capital (social/entrepreneurial networks and contacts based on mutual trust) played an important role in such philanthropic activities.

Андреас Либератос. Възрожденският Пловдив: трансформация, хегемония, национализъм

Author(s): Dobrinka Parusheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Book review

Елеонора Наксиду. Европейското в българското балканско. Любен Каравелов, федерализмът и гърците. Атина: Александрия, 2021

Author(s): Yura Konstantinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Book Review

Конференция на тема „От Черната смърт до холерата. Борбата срещу епи- демиите в историческа перспектива, XIV – XIX век“

Author(s): Albena Simova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

Elena Alexandrova. Discipline and Everyday Life in the Policy of the IMARO (1893–1912). IVRAY Publishing House, 2020. 376 p.

Author(s): Vera Boneva / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2022

Book Review