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In this article was considered the development of the Ukrainian literature in Slovakia from the 80s of the XX century to the 10s of the XXI century. The influential cultural and historicalevents was traced on the basis of the development of the literature and on the literary-critical thoughts in this period. Selected figures of the authors of the Ukrainian literature in Slovakia are namely I. Yatskanin, Yu. Panko, N. Varhol and others. The selected priority of their worksare the topics what preserve the memory of the humankind, the traditions and the cultures of the small native land, and therefore the national identity.
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In the article the author analyses different approaches to the definition of term “translationalstrategy” in classical domestic and foreign linguistics, the author presents an attempt at newunderstanding of these terms within the cognitive-pragmatic paradigm, systemizes objective and subjective factors which influence the choice of translational strategy of linguistic monographs. The author of the article describes key points of cognitive strategies, aimed atgradual solving of the problems associated with comprehension, interpretation and reproduction of foreign text contained in monographs. The process of conceptualisation isrepresented as a foundation of a "new" possible translational strategy of linguistic texts. Characteristic feature of this strategy is the principle of logic correlation among base units of the scientific text (base words, expletives and associates), expressed in the conceptual integrity of the scientific text.
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The paper presents selected Kashubian proverbs containing words: mùzyka (music), grac (toplay), spiewac (to sing) and tańcowac (to dance), respectively words derived from them. First part of the paper is a short introduction into the history of Kashubian paremiography which dates back to the half of 19th century. Also the paremiology and phraseology researches arementioned. Next the author considers the distinction between proverbs and phrasemes, as well as similarities of both. The main part of the paper focuses on musical proverbs mentioned above. The basic source of them is Księga przysłów kaszubskich by Justyna Pomierska, whichis part of her monograph Przysłowia kaszubskie. Studium z paremiografii i paremiologii.
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The goal of this article is to show on the example of three discourse fragments – texts published in the Russian weekly magazine Argumenty i fakty – the discourse strategies typical for modeling the group of the other. Given strategies are arranged into several groups. Within nomination – and predicational ones stands out especially the so-called overlexicalization. Within the argumentation strategies the so-called trajectio in alium, which marked the attempts to divert the blame, responsibility, semiotic space-reorganization, and secundum quid – hasty generalization. While positioning the author we detected during the analysis as strategy of replacing words with negative conotations (expulsion, dicrimination) by euphemism and using so-called disclaimer.
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The aim of the study is to show the influence of the French modernist poetry of Stéphane Mallarmé on Slovak exile poetry in the second half of the twentieth century represented by the most esteemed collection of poems of Karol Strmeň The Sign of Fish written in 1969. We developed the idea of Július Pašteka (2002) about possible impact of Mallarmé in poetry by Karol Strmeň using the work of Hugo Friedrich The Structure of Modern Poetry (1956) as our theoretical source. We compared axioms of this work with concrete poetry texts to prove that Mallarmé’s poetics is present in the examined texts through the category of negativism and dehumanisation. The study moves from the searching for new forms of poetry language to different varieties of forming these categories in poetry texts and their functions. It is Christian ethos what appears as essential and differentiating in Strmeň’s poetry and it is also the most important difference between both examines poetics, making them although relative but still characteristic and original.
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This study analyzes the problems associated with translation of medical terminology from Russian into Slovak. Currently, the growing interest in knowledge about each specific areas of science, IT boom and the need to clarify terminology in interlingual communication becomes essential professional approach to handling highly specialized vocabulary and terminology. There are always new concepts and phenomena cause some specific needs in their exact meaning and interpretation, sensitivity to certain peculiarities in the use of multiple and synonymous with the meanings of words specialization and standardization of translation equivalents. The access to information from highly specialized areas and the need for adequate mediation in multi/interlingual communication are facing problems of translation of terminology specific areas of medicine and public health in relation to the categories of special scientific and technical translation. And increasingly, the situation in which the translator must be attentive to the problems of highly specialized and forced to constantly pay attention to their professional level.
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On the background of the narrative definition and its research, the Questionnaire of Parents´ Beliefs on Talking with Children and Storytelling is introduced. The study is based on the analysis of 8 questions of the questionnaire asking on circumstances and topics of the parent-child conversations on previous events. The survey group was composed of 11 parents of intact children aged 5 – 7 and 11 parents of children with specific language impairment at the same age. Differences in quantity and quality of input between these two groups have been compared. Results show disparities among groups, which were statistically confirmed in area of topics of talking. Qualitative evaluation suggests differences also in frequency of talks and other areas, but more extensive investigation is necessary to validate these findings.
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The author concludes that a pre-electoral discourse is a kind of political discourse with persuasion being its major communicative strategy; it functions as a single unit in terms of semantics, syntax and pragmatics and is aimed at complex impact on recipients. Persuasion, as communicative strategy, is defined as a certain influence of the author of an oral or written message on his recipient with an objective to convince him, motivate him for execution or non-execution of certain actions.
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The term "neologism" is an expression which is very important in the language of media. With different events occurring within the scope of global politics, new words enter the active language in pursuance of their frequent use. The necessary work carried out by the media is to provide accurate and adequate information in other countries too. The article is focused on the translation of similar words that have found their place in numerous foreign media, social networks and, last but not least, in active language. It treats the issue of the Ukrainian crisis of 2013 and 2014. Newly implemented neologisms are analysed in detail, explained and the translation with the commentary by the author of the article is provided.
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Considering the terminology and methodology of A. Martinet, the characteristics of articularity of the complex signs in human communication are emphasized in this work. In this frame a phoneme takes special place as a specific language (micro) sign. The relation between phonemes and alophones is shown in few examples on strange language analysis using methodology of American descriptive linguistics. The main goal in this analysis is the usage of computer tool to initialize these or similar modern approaches in phonetics and phonology.
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Dobro poznavanje jezika nam omogućava razumijevanje i korištenje složenim jezičnim strukturama kojima opisujemo našu realnost. U širokom spektru alata, posebno interesantne su konceptualne jezičke komponente koje se već dugi niz godina pokušavaju razumjeti i upotrijebiti za različite svrhe. Fenomeni koji u zadnjih nekoliko godina privlače sve više pažnje u lingvističkoj nauci su metafora i metonimija. Metafora se dugo smatrala stilskom figurom kod koje se jedan pojam poredi sa drugim pojmom, dok je metonimija bila posmatrana kao stilska fi gura kod koje se jedan pojam zamjenjuje sa drugim bliskim pojmom. Međutim, s obzirom da su sve discipline nauke doživjele procvat u zadnjem vijeku, došlo se do značajnih otkrića koja su razjasnila mnoge stvari vezane za konceptualno procesuiranje jezika i raznih jezičnih fenomena. Ono što danas znamo o metaforama i metonimijama nam govori da se ovdje ne radi samo o stilskim figurama, poređenju i zamjeni pojmova, nego o specifičnim pojavama kod kojih se jedan koncept koristi da na drugačiji način predstavi drugi, odnosno, u slučaju metafore, neke osobine izvorne domene se preslikavaju na ciljnu domenu, stvarajući potpuno novi koncept koji objedinjuje određene osobine i izvornog i ciljnog domena. Ovo je bio i jedan od razloga koji je doveo do toga da metafora i metonimija od 1990-ih godina postanu predmet sve većeg interesovanja među lingvističarima. Današnja situacija u pogledu izučavanja metafora i metonimija je dosta drugačija, a metafore i metonimije su u oblasti lingvistike dobile značajnu ulogu. Cilj rada je predstaviti neke od teorija metafora i metonimija, te olakšati razumijevanje razlika kod ova dva lingvistička sredstva. Rad će u prvom dijelu predstaviti povezanost jezika, metafore i metonimije sa kognicijom. Pojam domena će se obraditi u drugom dijelu rada, koji također obrađuje i pojmove sličnosti i bliskosti. Naredni dio rada će se fokusirati na teoretski prikaz metafora i metonimija, a također i veza i preslikavanja koja se pojavljuju kao rezultat kognitivnih procesa. U cilju boljeg razumijevanja ovih lingvističkih sredstava, rad će ukratko obraditi i pojmove kao što su jezička višeznačnost i sredstvo.
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Review of: "Mehmed Kico: Pogled u život i djelo Nedžiba Mahfuza" Fakultet islamskih nauka – El-Kalem, Sarajevo, 2006. by: Orhan Jašić
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Novel Circle is a narrative about self-discovering and insistent invocation of another (man / culture) into the circle which is plotted by a woman around her body, inside whose borders she is always being left and forgotten. At the border of distaste for the culture in which she is being forced to fight for attention, grace and kindliness of the man (and the culture in general), the woman begins to seek after deeper sense of pleasure of Eros – she does that by the writing as a creative gesture in which erotic captive conquers its erotic freedom. Alkadic actually triangulates relation between woman and erotica by inserting the writing between them, as compensation to outsider position of woman’s erotica, which in creative event searches for its alternate figuration where she would rewrite phalluscentric picture of life.
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Review of: "Treptaj žanra u poetici usmene književnosti", Lada Buturović; Oslobođenje, Sarajevo 2010 by: Mirsad Kunić
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Današnji okolni svijet suvremenog čovjeka bitno je determiniran informacionim tehnologijama. Digitalizacija suvremenog razvijenog svijeta postala je gotovo samim načinom života u suvremenom vremenu profilirajući poseban način života-digitalni život i stvarajući digitalnu paradigmu postojanja. Današnja je suvremena kompjuterska tehnika došla do tačke kada joj je sjedinjenje sa humanističkim naukama neophodno kako bi ostvarila san o kreiranju vještačke inteligencije i stvorila misleće mašine. Jedna takva humanistička nauka koja u uvjetima sveopće digitalizacije čovjekova okruženja doživljava svoju punu ekspanziju jeste semiotika i njeno učešće u domenima suvremene digitalizacije postaje zaista neizbježno, a jedan semiotički koncept koji se čini posebno podobnim za primjenu u digitalnoj paradigmi postojanja jeste Peirceov semiotički nauk za čiji su model znaka neki teoretičari pokazali da se može prikazati u logičko-posljedičnom hijerarhijskom odnosu, pri čemu su sve kategorije njegove klasifikacije (njih 9) definirane Booleovim funkcijama.
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Rad razmatra eufemističku narav spomenutih dviju riječi u engleskom jeziku 21. stoljeća. Vrlo je interesantna činjenica da se eufemizmima, zapravo, olakšava i pospješuje komunikacija sugovornika, posebice ako je riječ o tabuima i nekim drugim osjetljivim temama. Eufemizmi su tu kako bi zamijenili uvrjedljive riječi i kako bismo ostavili dojam političke korektnosti i tolerancije. Ovaj rad će, stoga, dati jedan kratak pregled eufemizama u kojima su javljaju elementi ‘pas’ i ‘mačka’, odnosno, ‘cat’ i ‘dog’.
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Review of: "Dalmatsko-romanski ostaci u toponimiji Hrvatske.De relictis dalmato-romanis in toponymia Croatie", Božo Baničević vlast. naklada, Žrnovo 2009, 479 str. by: Ivan Nuijć
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