Les onomatopées et les théories de la glotto-genèse, II p.

Author(s): Danguolė Melnikienė / Language(s): French Issue: 29/2016

Les onomatopées, cette forme curieuse de la combinaison des « mots » et du « chant », constituent depuis longtemps un objet de recherche pour les philosophes, linguistes et lexicographes. Nées à différentes époques historiques, elles ont continué à prendre de l’ampleur au cours des deux derniers siècles et sont susceptibles de mettre en relief les aspects les plus importants de ce phénomène qui oscille entre philosophie du langage et linguistique. Dans cet article, composé de deux parties, nous nous intéressons aux théories de la glotto-genèse, créées de l’antiquité à nos jours, qui sont souvent considérées comme parfaitement onomatopéiques. Mais le rôle de l’onomatopée y est-il vraiment aussi capital qu’on le prétend ? Que se cache exactement derrière la notion d’onomatopée ? Cette dernière coïncide-t-elle pleinement avec la notion de l’origine, créée à l’époque antique ? Afin de répondre aux questions formulées ci-dessus, nous avons étudié de nombreux textes appartenant à différentes époques : des auteurs antiques d’abord (Platon, Aristote), puis des philosophes et des écrivains du XVIIe (Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz), du XVIIIe (Johann Gottfried Herder, Jean-Jacques Rousseau) et du XIXe (Charles Nodier) siècles, et enfin des auteurs du XXe siècle (Otto Jespersen, Gérard Genette, Henri Meschonnic). Nous avons essayé d’y dépister les traces des théories onomatopéiques de la glotto-genèse et de les présenter à la lumière des recherches linguistiques actuelles.

Sposoby realizacji funkcji perswazyjnej w ogłoszeniach z dziedzin: praca/ nauka zawodu zamieszczanych w dzienniku „Czas” w drugiej połowie XIX wieku

Author(s): Ewelina Gajewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The article examines job and professional training advertisements published in Krakow in the daily newspaper “Czas” between 1850 and 1890. The analysed material includes both: job offers and announcements of job seekers. In the education section of the newspaper the advertisements are published by schools, enterprises, teachers’ institutions and individuals ready to accept pupils for apprenticeship programs. The analysis covers the persuasive vocabulary (the role of the name of the advertiser, most common adjectives and adverbs evaluating the service), genre of the advertisement (announcement, request, letter, and all sorts of hybrid forms) as well as the grammatical level of the analysed texts (persuasive aspect of compound sentences). The analysis of the material leads to the conclusion that the advertisements published in the “Czas” newspaper between 1850 and 1890 rarely realise the persuasive function only. Their persuasive role was realised through the selection of vocabulary and genre as well as by modifying and combining features of various genres.

Językoznawcza i logopedyczna analiza syntetycznej metody wywoływania zębowej głoski zwarto-szczelinowej

Author(s): Danuta Pluta-Wojciechowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The author Danuta Pluta-Wojciechowska presents certain reflections on the methods of sound elicitation. She offers the linguistic analysis, as well as, the analysis from the point of view of speech therapy of the synthetic method of sound learning providing, at same time, the example of therapy where professionals dealt with case of dental affricative sound. In the following section of the text, the relevance of linguistic knowledge and the theory of speech therapy in the course of planning the providing speech treatment was stressed.

Słowiańskie teorie spiskowe jako pozanaukowe narracje historyczne

Author(s): Konrad Kośnik,Justyna Filipiuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2016

The article presents an analysis of non-scientific histories of the Slavs – most commonly found on the internet and rooted in anti-Slavic (non-scientific Judeo-Christian) conspiracies – from the perspective of historical and cultural psychology. The narratives presented include those of the ancient (Aryan) origins of the Slavs and the erasure from historical memory of a Slavic great power, which are used to support arguments such as amateur linguistic and historical interpretations. The mechanisms for constructing these narratives reflect the ethno-national identity of their creators.

How to Write an American Death Notice: Some Guidelines for Novice Obituarists

Author(s): Grzegorz Cebrat / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The article aims at helping non-native speakers of English to write death notices, following the requirements of American tradition of the genre. It is based on the theoretical research into the genre, carried out by its author, who analyzed 1076 contemporary New York Times notices, according to Moves and Steps model of genre analysis by J. Swales and V. Bhatia. Having distinguished the death notice from the obituary, the author presents the communicative functions of the genre and its structure, consisting of seven moves, each made up of one to seven steps. Their presentation and brief analysis is accompanied by 100 patterns and templates, which allows intermediate (B1–B2) students of English to create their own texts successfully step by step.

W stronę modernistycznego opus vitae. Drogi twórcze Tymoteusza Karpowicza i Ezry Pounda

Author(s): Karolina Górniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article aims to present the biographies of two representatives of literary modernism in Polishand Anglo-American poetry: Tymoteusz Karpowicz and Ezra Pound. Drafting the circumstances in which their lifeworks rose (ie. Słoje zadrzewne and The Pisan Cantos) the author points out the possible concurrences of Polish postwar avant-guarde poetry and high modernism in Anglo-American poetry. Looking at the autobiographical aspect in the chosen fragments of these two works we can notice few important junctions. Słoje zadrzewne and The Pisan Cantos carry a stigma of the last will – they are thought to be a recapitulation of the poets’ output. These volumes of poetry are the examples of unrealized dream about the creation of a modernist “Book”. The literary evolution of two poets is sketched in this text, what inspires to continue the considerations about indirect recurrences between the poetry of Karpowicz and Pound.

Polski komiks autobiograficzny

Author(s): Tomasz Pstrągowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article presents the history of Polish autobiographical comics, from the turn of the millennia up to the present day. The author points out that Wilhelm Sasnal and his comic book Daily life in Poland in 1999–2001 should be considered the first Polish autobiographical comic book author. Then he draws our attention to the major role of Michał “Śledźu” Śledziński and his magazine “Produkt”, his work is compared to the role of the American underground creator Robert Crumb and his “Zap! Comix”. Next the article tells us more about the work of Agata “Endo” Nowicka (as far as autobiography of women’s comics is considered) and a competition for short autobiographical comic book organized by Nowicka in “Wysokie Obcasy”, as well as comic books of three other authors representing the autobiographical genre: – Agata Wawryniuk, Olga Wrobel and Daniel Chmielewski.

„Niosło ją to, że stała u boku”. O genderowym modelowaniu biografii artystek

Author(s): Inga Iwasiów / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The title refers to Mark Beylin’s assessment of the position Niki Saint Phalle took in Paris sixties feminist practices the “art of anger”. The author discusses the biographical book Żony w cieniu mistrzów literatury rosyjskiej by Alexandra Popoff, Ferwor. Życie Aliny Szapocznikow by Marek Beylin and Kobro. Skok w przestrzeń by Margaret Czyński.

Ofiara, zły chłopiec, błazen, marzyciel, mnich i wybawiciel – archetypiczne postaci mężczyzn w prozie Krzysztofa Niewrzędy, Dariusza Muszera, Leszka Oświęcimskiego i innych pisarzy emigracyjnych polskiego pochodzenia

Author(s): Brigitta Helbig‑Mischewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The so called emigrantion literature is a topic, which has commanded growing interest within literary studies during the last years. In German-Polish research, we see terms shifting from “migrant literature”, towards more open formulations such as “Polish literature on the move” (Ottmar Ettes, 2001). The article focuses on this very mobility of identities. The article examines autobiographically inspired novels by Krzysztof Niewrzęda, Leszek Oświęcimski and Dariusz Muszer. They immigrated to Germany during the 1980s, which means they have been part of the last migration wave before the 1989 transitions. The article examines, with recourse to intercultural German studies and psychoanalytic insights, archetypical masculinity models in the literature by the above mentioned authors (the victim, the bad boy, the fool, the monk and the saviour).

W czasie przeprowadzki

Author(s): Krzystof Niewrzęda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

Szczecińska trauma 1970. Fragment książki Lucjana Adamczuka. Autobiografia człowieka wolnego (Warszawa 2015, mps)

Author(s): Michał Paziewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

Mówi Świetlicki

Author(s): Wiktoria Klera / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article entitled “Świetlicki speaking” referes to the time when the well-recognized poet, Marcin Świetlicki, repeatedly breaks his declared unwillingness to use the social media. At the turn of 2014 and 2015 he begins to publish “appeals” to his fans. Initially, these texts concern the refusal of nomination to the literary reward Nike, but gradually the scope of the topics expands. Świetlicki, for years considered a politically disengaged poet, begins to speak often and clearly on current issues – not only in his books, but also on Facebook.

Wokół recepcji Lukrecji Floriani George Sand – refleksje na marginesie polskiego wydania powieści

Author(s): Katarzyna Nadana-Sokołowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article discusses the afterword to the Polish edition of “Lucrezia Floriani” (2009) – George Sand’s 1846 novel, based on autobiographical motifs (the author’s relationship with Frederic Chopin), which was usually seen in a very unfavorable way by Chopin’s successive biographers, up to considering the novel an example of caricature and libel. The article shows that Mieczysław Tomaszewski, author of the afterword, joins this misogynous tradition of the novel’s reception as well, through denial of the writer’s right to her own view and suggestions that apart from its biographical meaning, the novel is devoid of any literary value. The article compares Tomaszewski’s afterword to the newest interpretations which emphasise the uncommonness of the novel’s in feminist criticism emancipated protagonist when juxtaposed with 19th-century models of femininity.

Gdańskie transpozycje

Author(s): Mateusz Hachlica / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

Nowadays, in humanities there is a strong tendency to create specific biographies. Mentioned opuses are not focused on well-known people but on famous cities, which are considered as still developing and changing places. Cities consist of different elements and phenomena like architecture, culture, economy and literature. This new way of creating biographies was shown by a German author Peter Oliver Loew. In his book, Loew presented Gdańsk as a strong and free city, which did not lose its identity and functioned like a Hanseatic polis.

Zaimek odzyskany

Author(s): Małgorzata Stadnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article is on overview of the newest monograph by Roma Sendyka. In her book Od kultury “ja” do kultury “siebie”. O zwrotnych formach w projektach tożsamościowych the scholar discusses the concept of subjectivity, which happens to be lost in translation, but also significantly distinguishes concepts of I and self. The author of the monograph references research in many fields of humanities and the neurosciences, brings different meanings to evoked terminology, discusses translation proposals and confronts them with literary examples.

Wietrzenie magazynu niepamięci

Author(s): Joanna Bierejszyk-Kubiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

In her case study of two frontier towns – Krzyż (Kreuz) and Żółkiew (Żowkwa, Nesterow) – Anna Wylegała presents a story of resettlement and Polish-Ukrainian or Polisch-German relations in perspective of several generations of respondents. Based on collected narrative interviews, the authoress constructs the models of collective memory, characteristic for selected places. As Wylegała shows, based on the analysis of the research material, memory and non-memory depend on many factors such as politics of memory, economy, pre-war ethnic composition and circumstances of resettlement and journey to “regained territories”. Anna Wylegała, basing on methodology of many humanities subdisciplines and social sciences, analyzes the differences in the adaptation process, constructing narratives of identity, suppression of trauma and closing the experience of resettlement. In the monography Przesiedlenia a pamięć, theories of memory are competently connected with empiricism of biographical method.

Selfies and the Self

Author(s): Teresa Bruś / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Film cameras made it possible for individuals to present themselves to others, to assume and feel agency, also to change it, to utilize agency to claim participation in diverse collectivities. Most recently, digital cameras have presented their users with astonishing ways to encourage but also to disseminate diverse acts of agency. In this paper the author proposes to bring to the fore the selfie (an emerging sub-genre of portraiture) as a new cultural product responsible for mediation, production, and transmission of subjectivities in the global mediascapes. Framing the subject in ways which defy ennobled aesthetic principles of photography,its cultivated artistry, selfies reconfigure and adapt ways the subject represent and understand themselves. This paper argues that selfies create visual spaces of novel modesof selfhood, of its certification and assertion.

Łączko, łączko, łączko zielona…

Author(s): Andrzej Mencwel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

Abraham Kajzer i jego tekst z obozów koncentracyjnych – studium przypadku

Author(s): Barbara Elmanowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The author analyses one of the intimate diaries from concentration camps written by AbrahamKajzer, who was a prisoner of KL Auschwitz-Birkenau and AL Riese (which was a part of KL Gross-Rosen on Lower Silesia). In article is uses Paweł Rodak’s theory of broad understanding of diary’s materiality as a writing practice, which was very complicated and difficult during the World WarII, especially at concentrations camps (finding material and tool to write, organizing space andwork out a ritual of writing; also place where notes were hiding and their fates in the post-war years). Diary it’s not only on textual level but it’s closely related to regular life. But in the campwriting daries was extremely dangerous practice (author could pay with his own life for it). Abraham Kajzer was an writing in Yiddish on empty cement bags with indelible pencil in camplatrine, where he was also hiding notes. After war he passed on his material to Adam Ostoja, who translated them and edited to publication.Kajzer described his reality in concentration camps and many traumatic experiences, which are one of many evidences of the Nazi genocide.

Masochizmy

Author(s): Stanisław Rosiek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2016

The editorial opens with a firm statement that a single masochism does not exist, which can be proved by theories and works of such psychiatrists and philosophers as Freud, Reik, Lacan or Deleuze. It also presents how the masochism of Bruno Schulz has so far been discussed and interpreted by distinguished Schulzologists and underlines that a new reading of his works as well as testimonies made by the “hidden witnesses” of writer’s life is needed.