Българо-пущунски когнати. Анализ на тяхното значение и произход

Author(s): Ivan T. Ivanov,Mariana Minkova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article presents eight words from Pashto language, considered as cognates to words left by Proto-Bulgarians. This conclusion is supported by the fact that Proto-Bulgarians generally have East-Iranian origin, as do the Hephthalites, the ancestors of modern Pashtuns. Six modern Bulgarian words and eleven Old Bulgarian words and semantic roots of unspecified origin are shown as cognate to Pashto words, hence their Proto-Bulgarian origin is suggested. The ancient hydronym Gerdab “iron gate“ for a gorge on Danube river is shown to correspond to the Pashto phrase gird вb “stirred water“ and hence, it could also have Eastern origin. In conclusion, a significant number of examples are adduced evidencing for Eastern heritage in the languages of ancient and modern Bulgarians.The article presents eight words from Pashto language, considered as cognates to words left by Proto-Bulgarians. This conclusion is supported by the fact that Proto-Bulgarians generally have East-Iranian origin, as do the Hephthalites, the ancestors of modern Pashtuns. Six modern Bulgarian words and eleven Old Bulgarian words and semantic roots of unspecified origin are shown as cognate to Pashto words, hence their Proto-Bulgarian origin is suggested. The ancient hydronym Gerdab “iron gate“ for a gorge on Danube river is shown to correspond to the Pashto phrase gird вb “stirred water“ and hence, it could also have Eastern origin. In conclusion, a significant number of examples are adduced evidencing for Eastern heritage in the languages of ancient and modern Bulgarians.

Словообразувателни модели при калкиране на новогръцката лингвистична терминология

Author(s): Boris Vunchev,Irina Strikova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to summarize the basic processes of word formation of Modern Greek linguistic terminology in the calquing of English linguistics terms into Modern Greek. The paper analyses processes of word formation such as suffixation, prefixation and neoclassical compounding.

Съпоставителен анализ на фразеологизми с неизменяемо местоимение и глагол в новогръцкия и българския език

Author(s): Rumen Rikevski / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

This report makes a brief comparison of phraseologisms with unalterable pronoun and verb in Greek and Bulgarian. Pronouns don’t have declinable paradigm, don’t operate on grammatical and lexical level, they are simply a formal marker. Among them the two component’s Greek phraseologisms are the most difficult to locate and interpret because the phrases are very short, must function as free collocations, and in many cases are with opaque motivation.

Фразеологичните единици, включващи в своя състав соматизма "глава" в българския и в японския език

Author(s): Katya Marinova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Depending on the degree of interlinguistic equivalence, the phraseological units with Bulgarian somatism head and Japanese somatism 頭 (atama, kashira; zu, tou) can be divided into: complete (absolute) phraseological equivalents, incomplete (partitive) phraseological equivalents, relative phraseological equivalents, phraseological analogs and formal phraseological equivalents. In view of the fact that the Bulgarian and Japanese languages belong to different language families, complete (absolute) phraseological equivalents can be found very rarely, but we can detect a lot of partitive and relative phraseological equivalents, as well as many formal phraseological equivalents. Since Bulgarian phraseological units with head exceed Japanese phraseological units in number, we detect more phraseological analogues in Bulgarian phraseological units.

Сикофантите в Древна Атина – възникване и развитие на термина

Author(s): Stela Moneva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In this research work, attention is paid to the unattractive term „sycophant“. The root of the work „fig“ is taken as a starting point in the study. Initially, this noun connected the term with the primitive agricultural cults and the rites of fertilization. The solving of the set out task goes through the tracing of the fate of the words „fig“ and „sycophant“ in ancient literature. On the basis of the studied source data, generally two semantic circles could be outlined: the one – when the word „sycophant“ is used in its religious meaning, and the other – when it bears a „judicial“ meaning. In the 30s of the 5th century BC, the meaning of the word shifted and sycophant already meant an „informant”, a „spy“. Ancient Athens judiciary incorporated this practice and during the next 4th century BC snitching thrived but in the atmosphere of total contempt on the side of the citizens of Athens.

Abstracts

Author(s): / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Rezumate

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Recepce mezigeneračních vztahů v knize Babička drsňačka

Author(s): Adéla Štěpánková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Initial research for the dissertation called Reception of intergenerational relationships in the book Gangsta Granny identifies the percentage of children that are interested in intergenerational relationships occurred in the text. For this purpose, there is used one chapter of the book which is primarily intended for the child reader and the double-entry diary method. The survey respondents are pupils of the 6th grade of elementary school.

Косвени свидетелства за формалните облигации в римското право

Author(s): Maria Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Roman jurists defined an obligation as iuris vinculum, i.e., a legal relationship or bond between persons governed by legal norms other than those established on the basis of religious, moral, or social patterns of behavior. The Roman poet Horace (65-8 B.C.) frequently used legal terms and situations as artistic embellishments. This preference to combine or dress up the poetic image with a legal idea or concept made his style lively and original, but not only that. He also provides indirect evidence of legal practice in ancient Rome.

О средневековых славянских переводах Лествицы Иоанна Синайского и их именованиях в научной литературе

Author(s): Tatyana Popova / Language(s): English,Russian Publication Year: 0

Старобългарският език като даденост

Author(s): Iwan Martschewsky / Language(s): Bulgarian,German Publication Year: 0

Syntactic functions of non-fi nite verb forms in a learner corpus of Czech students

Author(s): Libuše Hornová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to present some fi ndings resulting from the analysis of a small learner corpus of spoken English. Major attention is paid to the frequency of non-fi nite verb forms in their varied syntactic functions. The results are compared with corpus fi ndings presented in Biber et al. (1999 ) and also assessed according to contrastive interlanguage analysis (CIA), (Granger, 2009), which can help us estimate the possible infl uence of the learners´ native language (L1), Czech. The CIA analysis is based on the typological differences between the students’ L1 and L2 (Mathesius, 1975, Knittlová et al, 2010, Dušková et al, 1988, to name a few). The third aim is to suggest possible innovations in advanced language teaching/learning of the English language. By reducing the L1 transfer, the students´ performance could become closer to English native speakers´ norms.

Comparative Czech-English analysis of written English (KAPA): Transforming linguistic expertise into a practical EAP course

Author(s): Radek Vogel,Martin Adam / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper proposes to present the design of a new course, the aim of which is concerned with the functional syntax and vocabulary in the English-Czech comparative approach. It offers students a functional comparison of the two languages in which they will be able to apply the knowledge acquired in the bachelor programmes of English studies against the background of their mother tongue, i.e. the Czech language. After completing the course the students will be able to functionally distinguish the main features of English and Czech (with the emphasis on syntactic and lexico-semantic plan in both languages) and to use this linguistic expertise practically in the production of written English or in translation. The paper outlines the key syntactic and lexico-semantic areas which were identifi ed as potential causes of interferential problems and which thus compose the core of the course syllabus.

Разширен обхват на синтактичния анализ чрез структурография и статистически прогностични методи

Author(s): Petya Barkalova,Krasilina Koleva-Kostova,Hristo Manev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents the results of a new study on the syntactic structures of simple two-component sentences in the works of Yordan Yovkov, Emilian Stanev and Yordan Radichkov. Statistical prognostic methods support the syntactic analysis and enrich it with quantitative data on the makeup of the simple sentence. The observed quantitative characteristics are the scope and depth of the sentence structure, as well as the forms of connection – subordination or coordination. Statistical and syntactic inferences are made that support the study of authors’ individual grammar in an innovative way.

Българо-кипърски връзки в областта на литературата

Author(s): Boryana Manolova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report examines the Bulgarian-Cypriot relations in the field of literature. For this purpose, various articles, books and interviews with well-known researchers of Cypriot literature have been studied. Some accents and events from the history that have a direct impact on the literary relations between Cyprus and Bulgaria are considered. The research of the Bulgarian-Cypriot relations in the field of literature unfolds the chronology of their origin, their development during some of the more significant historical periods, as well as the interaction of the Bulgarian and Cypriot literature to the present day. Some similar characteristics between Bulgarian and Cypriot literature are indicated. Researchers of Cypriot literature, considered in this article, outline the origin and development of the connections of Cypriot literature and its interaction with Bulgarian literature. In addition they reveal the way in which Cypriot literature is popularized in Bulgaria, as well as the popularization of Bulgarian literature in Cyprus.

Мотивацията на студентите японисти при кандидатстване за обучение в Япония – опитът на катедра „Японистика“ към СУ „Св. Климент Охридски“

Author(s): Tsvetomira Ivanova / Language(s): English,Croatian Publication Year: 0

Despite the many and varied opportunities, there has been a decline in recent years when it comes to Japanese students who wish to study in Japan. This paper examines the possibilities for study in Japan for different periods of time, as well as its funding. Statistics from previous years are offered, as well as the results of a survey conducted among students in 2020. The results indicate the reasons for the decline in interest, and these are far from being limited only to the “different” academic year 2019/2020. Motivation and attitudes towards learning in Japan are based on problems of all kinds, which have always existed among the departing, but have recently become more intense. It turns out that the detailed information, provided by students returning from Japan to potential future candidates is too general or provided in an inappropriate format. The paper proposes solutions for the appropriate provision of more information, as well as side incentives to increase the interest of Sofia University Japanese studies students towards study in Japan programs.

Японските културни събития в България. Мотивационната им роля в изучаването на японски език

Author(s): Magdalena Vasileva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present paper focuses on: 1) The Japanese culture and language events in Bulgaria and 2) The correlation between those and the motivation of the Japanese language learners. The connection between 1) and 2) is revealed through an analysis of data taken from a workshop on Methodology of teaching Japanese as a second language which was organized in 2018 at Veliko Tarnovo University. The discussion is carried on from the point of view of the Japanese language lecturers who participated in the above mentioned initiative. According to the Japanese language lecturers there is a great variety of Japanese culture and language events organized every year by each of the participant institutions. They aim not only at popularizing Japanese culture, but also at stimulating the interest of the Japanese language learners. Through the direct participation in such initiatives the learners are encouraged to develop different language, cultural and intercultural skills and competencies and to study autonomously. The research pointed out that there is definitely a firm relation between those events and the motivation of the Japanese language learners. The events with the strongest effect on the motivation process are: Japanese culture festivals, speech contests, Japanese universities’ scholarships and the opportunity to study in Japan, the communication with the native speakers, etc.

Проблематика на превода на културни реалии (по материали от „Сън в алени покои“ на Цао Сюецин)

Author(s): Nora Chileva-Xiao / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This research discusses some cultural differences and methods of translation represented in the first sixty chapters of the Bulgarian translation of 𝐻𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑔, popular in the Western World mainly with its two English versions as 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑒 and 𝐴 𝐷𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑑 𝑀𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠, as well as its Russian translation 𝑆𝑜𝑛 𝑣 𝑘𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑛𝑜𝑚 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑦𝑒. The Bulgarian translation of the first 60 chapters of 𝐻𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑔 („Сън в алени покои“) was published almost half a century after the English and the Russian translations at 2015 and 2016, so it is quite interesting to see if there is any resemblance in translations of cultural gaps. This study gives few examples of how cultural gaps are resolved in words and phrases concerning Chinese tea and rice dishes.

METODA PROBLEMATIZĂRII ÎN RECEPTAREA TEXTULUI LITERAR

Author(s): Marinel Negru,Brânduşa Juica / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The aim of the modern methodology of teaching Romanian language and literature at a younger school age is for students to become as independent as possible in the process of acquiring knowledge. Bearing this in mind, the authors emphasize the importance of the problematic process of processing a literary work on the example of the folk tale Three Friends, the application of which enables a more successful experience and understanding of literary texts, different forms of interpretation and creative expression in children of younger school age. The problem-based approach to the interpretation of literary texts engages the individual and creative abilities of students to the highest degree, which leads to an easier solution to the problem situation. The final part of the paper presents the results of the conducted research on the attitudes of students of younger school age who attend classes in the Romanian mother tongue, after the application of the problem-based procedure in the processing of the folk tale.

Преходът – трийсет години след началото. Резултати от една анкета

Author(s): Nikolay Papuchiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Based on a survey carried out in 2020, the article aims to explore and explain the complex character of the transformations in Bulgarian society after the fall of the Communist regime in 1989. The analysis focuses on a ten-year period of Bulgarian history whose social, demographic, economic and political changes are regarded as important preconditions for the cultural specificity of Bulgaria’s Transition. Among the important emphases in the study are the people’s conception of historically marked time through their individual biographies, as well as the construction of memories of personal experience by inscribing major political events into them, followed by their alignment on the general social plane. Other key results from the survey relate to the films and books favoured by the Bulgarians, the horizon of reception determining their choice, preferred kinds of music and the formation of a common musical culture. Of interest to the study is also the language of the media and the mechanisms of their transformation into an integral element in the formation among the Bulgarians of expectations, attitudes and conceptions of themselves and the world, and the establishment of the latter in the public discourse. In addition, attention is paid to certain phenomena in the domain of culture, such as pop folk songs, TV soaps and telenovelas, which enjoyed immense popularity and wide circulation.