The Teaching Life as a House of Troubles
The review of: Alex Kudera, "Auggie’s Revenge" (Orlando: Beating Windward, 2015. 249 pp. ISBN 9781940761244)
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The review of: Alex Kudera, "Auggie’s Revenge" (Orlando: Beating Windward, 2015. 249 pp. ISBN 9781940761244)
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In this article, the chapter in Mevlana’s Mesnevi called “Sineğin Gevşek Tevilinin Değersizliği” and the chapter in Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi’s A’mak-ı Hayâl called “Zeyl-i A’mak-ı Hayal” will be evaluated with an intertextual approach. Firstly, by considering Mevlana’s work, visual images formed by using double contrasts in order to criticize those who radically interpret Quran will be mentioned. In this context, it will be evaluated why Mevlana has chosen extreme examples of double contrasts such as “fly-phoenix” and “urine-sea” by considering their meanings and functions. Secondly, the work of Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi will be evaluated so as to demonstrate how he used similar visual images with Mevlana by using Mesnevi in order to criticize an interpreter of natural sciences. In the “Zeyl-i A’mak-ı Hayal” chapter of his book A’mak-ı Hayâl, Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi focuses on the discussions during the Second Constitutional Era concerning materialism and metaphysical thought by using the novel’s central character Raci. The character defends the metaphysical thought and criticizes the understanding that seeks solutions of all problems in science and defines metaphysics as “quackery”. Thus Mevlana’s metaphor of fly on urine to criticize those who radically interpret Quran, this time, is used by Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi to criticize the defender of natural sciences. However Mevlana’s fly metaphor about arrogant people is transformed to an ant metaphor by Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi.
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Celil Oker is one of the important authors of crime fiction which has been leapt forward after 1990s in Turkey. Oker is the great contributor to development of domestic crime fiction with his eight novels and a story book published until today, he cut a wide swath as being an author by understanding the importance of details and space in crime novels beyond fullfiling of all conditions which are required by the fiction. The top place of his novels is İstanbul where bears the stamp of the time with its neighbourhood, streets and people. The author managed to interline the details special to Istanbul along with the physical beauties of the city, the chaos of modern life and the changing aspect of the city in parallel with social changes without disrupting the plot of the detective story. Detective story has come forward as a leading genre which reflects the modern city life by means of the observations made by wandering detectives who are reminiscent of contemporary ‘flaneur’ type. While his audience walks through İstanbul with Detective Remzi Ünal who is Oker’s ”a man of action “ on the one hand they read realistic novels which composed of spirited space descriptions, on the other hand they enjoy the tramping of İstanbul with a sense of awareness which has developed against the problems of the metropolis. The author has perceived indoors as an follow-up of İstanbul streets and either he has created the required atmosphere and could send his social critics through oppositions in his pieces that he has brought together the rich and poor communities from various environments by those spaces that he diversified. Celil Oker has prompted to a new and lasting way in field of crime fiction among the authors who tell İstanbul with Ahmet Ümit.
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It was an arduous work for women writers namely Carmen Martin Gaite, Carmen Laforet, Josefina Aldecoa and Ana Maria Matute to witness the Spanish Civil War and to pursue writing as a career within the oppressive regime of the post-war era. Ana Maria Matute, who published her first novel in 1948, and who has kept on writing since then, has not only endeavored to fulfill the responsibilities as a wife and a mother but also made great sacrifices to be able to continue her career as a writer, a situation faced by many women writers. Looking back to her childhood years where she finds her inspiration, Matute questions the past in her novel Uninhabited Paradise, a novel which she wrote in her eighties. The idea that human personality and character are formed in childhood is a widely accepted and acknowledged perception regarding the human psyche. Indeed, it is during our early years that bitter-sweet life experiences, the first observations of the environment, and essential aspects that influence and shape our view of life and personality are inscribed deeply into our psyche. With her novel Uninhabited Paradise, Matute shares with us, the reader, that it is the cruel and bloody war that enabled her to experience the loss of innocence, in other words the “paradise”, a notion which is only experienced in childhood years.
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Selim İleri is one of the most important writers of contemporary Turkish literature. He stand out with his life, thought world and art comprehension in addition to novels that he brought to our literature starting in the 1970s. He has turned into fictional world small bourgeois person’s individual journey in his novels uniquely and in terms of narration techniques also became an important representative of modern Turkish literature. Selim İleri, narrate subconscious of his novel characters and thereby approaches to modernistic novel. While novelist handles problems of society, he expresses psychology of individuals by using novel techniques like interior monologue, stream of consciousness and flashback. Selim İleri chooses his novel characters from urban nation. Novel characters are foregn to society. Selim İleri wrote intellectual individuals story in his first term. In other words he narates small bourgeois. Latter term, change in his novel writing, he narrates individuals from literature, art and culture history who are real persons. After investigations on method and content of author’s novel in the previous chapter, characteristic features of his novels are extracted. Also novel concept of Selim İleri who is one of modern authors of Turkish literature and his position in Turkish literature is evaluated. While we were determining contents and form properties of Selim İleri here, we aimed to report characteristics that make author so different with holistic approach and underline his modernist attitude in Turkish novel writing.
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The aim of this study is to draw attention to the concept of “globalization effects” and its literary expression in contemporary literature. As a reflection of the recent cross-cultural works, the term “world literature”, clarified by Goethe, is discussed in contemporary literary studies. In this concept the relationship among the terms of “literature”, “culture” and “globalization” is stated in the literary discourse. This study is focused on Feridun Zaimoğlu and his novel entitled “Hinterland” (2009). Feridun Zaimoğlu, a Turkishorigined author of contemporary German Literature, is an outstanding representative of cross-cultural literature (Migrationsliteratur). His work “Hinterland”, in which he portrays the story of Ferda and Aneschka, a man from Berlin and a woman from Prague, can be regarded as a successful example of this type. These two characters first meet in Prague, then go away from their homes. While travelling, Ferda experiences many facts about other cultures and realizes, that there is a mutual effect between cultures, in other words they act on each other. He also asks himself, what the real meaning of the word “home” is. Is it something concrete or abstract? That is to say, “Does it mean a place or is it just a feeling?” He questions the feeling of belonging to a culture. Feridun Zaimoğlu ends up his novel with these questions. The title of Zaimoğlu’s book “Hinterland”, in which the internal and external fights are dealt with, points to a military term, not to a precisely definable place. In conclusion, all the points mentioned above are interpreted as a literary reflection of globalization trends and analyzed with respect to the post-colonial literary theories.
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Plenilunio (The Full Moon) written by the Spanish writer Antonio Muñoz Molina in 1997, has an electrical narration full of tension, rage and tenderness. This hard boiled novel juxtaposes the violence with a moving love story detailing the plight of people trapped in the conflict and the tragic social and human injustices they suffer. This powerful novel offers us a world of intrigue, adventure and love in the era of Spanish transition to democracy. Antonio Muñoz Molina’s book has a sense of melancholy and a preoccupation with social issues. His deep reflections on issues of social significance offer an important insight into the modern society of Spain.
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Rabelais’s novel is the most important mile stones of the European Renaissance. Rabelais opened a new door into the field of literature. Cervantes, Shakespeare and Goethe passed from this door and a great conversion and transformation period into the historical process started in Europe which intend to shake the world as the re-emergence area. According to Mihail Bahtin who has detailed studies on Renaissance, the basic feature of this conversion is Rabelais’s multi sign system originating from humour of grotesk folk culture. This system transfered to literary world and improved against language and perception system which has only one declarative language and based on fear. The foundation of Turkish Republic is defined as a cultural revolution by a lot of thinkers. After the Turkish Republic, one of the most important conversions in new Turkish cultural enviroment is the elements of grotesk folk culture which were transfered by authors graduated from village institute slightingly. There are some important parallels and identities between Rabelais’s novel and the works of authors graduated from village institute. Rabelais’s novel was not understood by Enlightement Movement and Romanticism which was born as reaction against Enlightement Movement and tried to trivialized. The works belonging to authors graduated from village institute vilified with “Village Novel” label and was excluded from cultural pradigma. This case generates a similar tableau between Rabelais’s novel and the works of authors graduated from village institute.
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In this study, the German translation of Orhan Pamuk’s novel titled “Beyaz Kale” has been examined through Nord’s functional translation theory. In this paper, by determining the components of the functional text, attempts have been made to illustrate a text analysis before translation and attract attention to the functional elements required in a translation. In the analysis and translation of the texts based on the theory of functionality, after the designation of the functional constituents used in the text in question, attempts have been made to comment on their roles in the text. The process of interpretation, is, in a way, the indication of a cognitive process realised by every translator in the course of translation. Subsequently, studies and researches must be accomplished to enrich existing data and all the while, textual data both inside and outside the text must be broadened. This point of view has also been adopted by P. Kussmaul (1994), who has worked on creativity and cognitive processes in the translation. Correspondingly, another way to be used is to scan for elements unnoticed before through repetitive reading. Only after the completion of these drafts under discussion is it possible to scan and reveal the related textual elements. The textual constituents examined under the title of functionality components are the expressions, mainly functions of message, which the author tries to charge to the text in source language, used in a way by the author to address readers. These are expressed by the formula known as Lasswell-Equation in the science of translation. The next step is to determine whether the elements scanned and revealed in the source text have been taken into consideration or not by means of their examination in the target text. If they are taken into consideration in the translation, the functions that the elements bear, their significance for the text and to what extent it has been reflected in the text have been studied. In cases of no observed functional coherence, suggestions about how the function can be explicitly shown in the target language text have been made. Efforts have been made to put forward proposals for solution even when there is not a functional element in the translation at all. This paper has no direct criticism purpose, but it is an attempt to suggest another method concerning the fact that functionality must be taken into consideration in the translation of literary texts.
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Aşk-ı Memnû, which is written in 1900, is one of the Turkish classics and an example of the first contemporary works of Turkish Literature, as well. There are not so much characters in this novel. Aşk-ı Memnû is a novel on the relationships among family members, one woman whose life is shaped by opposing to her parents genetics and the other women who is depressive because of sharing her father with another women. Tarık Günersel adapted Aşk-ı Memnû in 2000 and this adaptation is quite different from the novel. In this article has been pointed out Aşk-ı Memnû’s adventure from novel to theatre.
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In this article we try to make a short reference in portraying the Muslim minority of Western Thrace in terms of Modern Greek Fiction and we speak about one of the most important works of this small group of literature texts, the novel of the professor of Folklore Vaggelis Avdikos Ο δικός μου Θεός (My own God). In this analysis we focus on the cultural exclusion in Western Thrace, using as interpretative tools the concept of border and alterity. The literary work is related to the tradition of the western-like “campus novel” and is considered as a pioneering case of “anthropological” or “ethnographic novel” in contemporary Greek Fiction.
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As a distinguished author of modern Turkish Literature Elif Şafak, pays attentions to a period of her special life in Siyah Süt (Black Milk) novel. Elif Şafak as an intellectual woman deals with the motherhood and confinement situation in the novel which is worst to emphasize. Brought a number of problems due to confinement is very important period in the confine of woman and her family. Confinement has led to various beliefs in the life of Anatolian people. So this study deals with the belief of alkarısı/albasması in the Siyah Süt novel.
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Murathan Mungan, in his novel named Yüksek Topuklar, served the position of the woman identity in the social structure along with woman’s inner world. In the novel, an effort to explain other women by the central character who have felt social gender phenomenon dated from her childhood is seen. Character, on the other hand reaches her own awareness during this process. In this study, we will consider the construction of woman identities in the Yüksek Topuklar novel at length over the central character, Nermin.
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Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar is one of the distinguished author of modern Turkish Literature. Very precious poets, novels and stories were won to Turkish Literature by Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar. One of his important stories is Abdullah Efendi’nin Rüyaları. In this study Abdullah Efendi’nin Rüyaları will be analysed content.
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In this article, the meaning referred by the symbol of mustache, which takes part in the title of Biyik Söylencesi of Tahsin Yücel and occupies an important place in the novel, will be determined. By doing so, mustache's relations with the concept of "phallus" and power will be revealed.
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In the article the author analyzes national content in Vladimir Gnilamyodov’s novel “Ulisses iz Pruski”. She focuses her attention on artistic epitome of self-discovery and world view processes of a hero-Belarusian who is abroad on the expression of his dignity in the world, in the neighbourhood and in comparison to other nations. The author examines ethnic features, existence, culture and moral-ethical rules of heroes who come from north-west of Brest region. She emphasizes V. Gnilamyodov’s contribution in the process of enrichment of the idea of Belarusian national character in modern multicultural environment.
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Writings of Józef Ignacy Kraszewski (1812—1887) played great role in the formation of national consciousness of Poles. 29 volumes of a series of historical novels by J.I. Kraszewski about Polish history from the 9th to 18th century shaped knowledge about (their own) past for several generations of Polish people. Among the many issues presented by Kraszewski in his novels we can find the matter of perception by Polish people neighbouring states and nations. Kraszewski saw the main threat to the Polish nation in the expansion of Germanism and much more positively depicted the former Kievan Rus, thus promoting the ideas of Pan‑Slavism.
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The article is devoted to the historical, literary and intertextual connections between Dostoyevsky’s novella The Double and Nikolai Akhsharumov’s novella of the same title. The research indicates that the two writers’ texts are linked by the dominant of psychological analysis, the theme of duality and the topos of St. Petersburg. However, the protagonists themselves, their doubles and the relationships between them are diametrically opposite in the works of Dostoevsky and Akhsharumov. This demonstrates the complex laws of literary evolution, which encompass not only the influence of a predecessor, but also taking issue with him.
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The review of: “Don Quixote and others. Mythical characters in comparative perspective”. Collective work edited by the League of Wisniewska, Bydgoszcz: Wyd, 2012, 380 p.
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