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Семантические и синтаксические свойства предикативов ощущения (сензитивов)

Author(s): Galina Ivanovna Kustova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The paper considers constructions «sensation predicative + infinitive» and «emotion predicative + infinitive». The infinitives of the movement, position and some others are typical for sensation predicative: Kholodno stoyat’ / ekhat’ ‘It’s cold to stand / to drive’; Temno idti / chitat’ ‘It’s dark to go / to read’. Such an infinitive occupies an intermediate position between a valency and an adjunct. In the infinitive construction, sensitives undergo a semantic shift: they are shifted to the zone of emotional evaluations (Mne dushno ezdit’ letom v metro ‘It’s stuffy for me to ride the subway in the summer’) or to the zone of modal predicates (Uzhe temno chitat’ ‘It’s dark to read’).

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Конструкции за психически преживявания с дателна клитика в българския език

Author(s): Maxim Stamenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper will present an overview of the constructions with dative clitics for mental experiences in the Bulgarian language. Their specificity is that they include in their syntactic and semantic structure the so-called ‘dative subject’, which may be expressed by a dative clitic or a dative noun group. This construction possesses several specific features on a morphological, syntactic and semantic basis that will be taken into account and discussed.

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Причастные формы как депиктивы: болгарско-русские параллели

Author(s): Elena Yu. Ivanova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The present article explores constructions with depictives (in conventional terms, predicative attributes), which constitute one of the forms representing the secondary predication. Participles in the depictive function are the most appropriate morphological means of expression of the current state of the subject at the moment of performing a certain action. The article shows, on the basis of the parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpus, that while participles can function as depictives in the both languages, they differ in their depictive potential.

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Адюнкти към глаголи за емоционални състояния

Author(s): Yovka Tisheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The main goal of this paper is to discuss the realization of manner and quantity and degree adverbs as adjuncts to emotional predicates. The object of observation is the realization of sentences with Bulgarian verbs obicham (to love), obozhavam (to adore), mrazya (to hate) and nenavizhdam (to loathe). The use of adverbs modifying the intensity or degree of emotional state manifestation is commented. Observations are also made on the word order of intensifying adverbs in adjunct position, and on the possibility for verbal degree gradation.

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Съпоставителен анализ на глаголите виждам – видя и видеть – увидеть и комплементите им в български и руски език

Author(s): Hristina Kukova,Maria Ovsjannikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents part of a contrastive study on stative predicates. The observations are focused on the verbs виждам – видя and видеть – увидеть and their clausal complements’ realisation in Bulgarian and Russian. The research aims at demonstrating the correlation of the conjunctions че, да, как and respectively что, чтобы, как in the two languages.

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Тематическая группа „Любовь. Дружба“: болгарские соответствия восточнославянских паремиологических лингвокультурем

Author(s): Marina Kotova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

This article examines the Bulgarian proverbial correspondences of current East Slavonic proverbs of the thematic group “Love. Friendship” from the project of the Electronic Dictionary of active East Slavonic Proverbs. The main method for identifying actual paremiological parallels in three languages to Russian proverbs is a paremiological sociolinguistic experiment. The conclusions relate to the specifics of the selection of Bulgarian correspondences to Russian proverbial linguoculturemes against the background of Belarusian and Ukrainian proverbial parallels.

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Митолингвистично изследване върху названия на дъгата с мотивационни модели ‘атрибут на бога’ и ‘символ на плодородието’ в българския език

Author(s): Borislav Popov,Robertino Stoilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present mytholinguitsic exploration analyses two groups of dialectal names of the rainbow in the Bulgarian language in the context of the associated mytho-religious beliefs, ritualistic practices and rational perceptions and applies the mytholinguistic method with its two models. The mytholinguistic analysis of the internal form of the word instrumental in revealing the mytholinguistic structure offers an opportunity to reconstruct specific mythological beliefs and to determine the semantic motivation in the linguistic nomination of the names of the rainbow subject to inquiry. The reason behind the formation of each name as a result of secondary nomination is revealed to the effect of establishing whether its internal form is a projection of the mythological and religious outlook and ritualistic practices of the ethnos or it is a reflection of rational perceptions.

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Митология, рекатегоризация и сетивни възприятия в структурирането на абстрактни понятия

Author(s): Milena Levunlieva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research revisits the principles of linguistic categorization established by Dixon (1982) and interpreted and elaborated upon by Lakoff (1987). It unravels a mutually defining relation of interdependence between the myth-and-belief principle, the important property principle and the experiential domain principle. An argument is offered of their hierarchical relations manifested in their functioning in the process of metaphorical (and metonymic) recategorization.

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Семантико-синтаксический анализ болгарских, польских и русских глаголов

Author(s): Julia Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

This article presents the results of an extensive study entitled “Syntactic properties of verbs as a basis for their integrated lexicographic analysis (in the Polish-Bulgarian-Russian comparative perspective)”. Three Slavic languages were examined for verbs of the mental and emotional types. Besides illustrating mutual influence between the semantic plane and the syntactic plane of sentences, containing verbs belonging to the mental and emotive classes, the core of which are the verbs of the analyzed classes, the main assumptions of two dictionaries containing semantic and syntactic characteristics of verbs are also presented.

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Функции на старобългарското местоимение тъ в глаголна група и съответствията му в староанглийски

Author(s): Antoaneta Dzhelyova,Maria Anastasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The current paper examines the deictic and anaphoric usages of the Old Bulgarian demonstrative pronoun тъ in independent usage in the oblique cases. A logico-semantic model is applied in the analysis of the pronoun’s reference. It is complemented by the introduction of grammatical criteria for each linguistic level. The corpus under consideration has been excerpted from Gospel texts in Old Bulgarian, Greek, Latin and Old English and it present semantically accurate word-for-word translations. Three major occurrences of the Old Bulgarian demonstrative pronoun тъ in verbal phrases can be distinguished: stable deictic usage, unstable deictic usage and anaphoricpersonal usage.

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Концептът разум / Vernunft в немския и българския език

Author(s): Hristina Vihrogonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present article is focused on the analysis of the results exhibited in Questionnaire Survey entitled „Metaphorical Thinking in Language“. The basic aim is to make comparison of the term REASON/VERNUNFT, and how it is perceived and presented in both German and Bulgarian. Data of the Survey are graphically presented. The Survey has comparative character and, as we may say, is done in the spirit of Cognitive Linguistics. As mutual base of comparison serves “Conceptual metaphor“, described in the book „Metaphors we Live by“, written by George Leikoff and Mark Johnson. In the process of linguistic description concerning the discussed Concept, many similarities are established, which is explained by its universality. The Concept itself as well, has similar metaphorical perception typical for the two languages, which is deeply rooted in their linguistic consciousness. The similarities are established with the help of Conceptual Metaphors, that play the role of universal instrument of human thinking as far as abstract linguistic essences are concerned.

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Семантические модели обозначения времени в болгарских и восточнославянских говорах

Author(s): Mikhail Kondratenko / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The article examines the peculiarities of the designation of time periods in some Bulgarian and East Slavic dialects, mainly from the point of view of the specifics of dialect segmentation of this semantic sphere and the principles of nomination. The lexical material allows us to identify individual semantic models and shifts observed in time designations: the transfer of spatial parameters for the nomination of temporal characteristics; orientation in the names of months to phenological and economic cycles; the nomination of morning as the appearance of daylight. Taking into account the linguogeographic aspect, namely, a fairly wide distribution in the linguistic territory of Slavia, as well as beyond its borders, it is possible to assume the status of these models as semantic archetypes.

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L'iconostase comme seuil : lexique, symbolique et significations

Author(s): Dumas Felicia / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This paper proposes a semantical, anthropological and semiological approach to the iconostasis of the Orthodox churches, defined as a threshold between the nave and the sanctuary, between the visible world of the worshippers and the invisible world of the heavenly powers and God. The paper considers a lexical-semantic study of two nouns used in French to refer to this dividing wall, as well as other words (and phrases) which designate other elements of the architectural ensemble which compose the iconostasis; this semantical study will be accompanied by a semiological analysis of the symbolism of the iconostasis (based on the works of liturgical hermeneutics) and of the the liturgical gestures which the iconostasis determines and guides from a semiological point of view, supported by a corpus of notes recorded in France and in Romania (during the liturgical practice) and by a few theological works.

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Quelques considérations concernant l'intégration des anglicismes dans la langue française

Author(s): Larisa-Elena Alui-Gheorghe / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Our aim is to analyze a few key factors, which determine the process of borrowing words of English origin into French, and the barriers that these words surpassed in order to be integrated in the French vocabulary. As we noticed, in the everyday speech, there are many words of English origin that have been inserted by the speakers and which are used frequently. What are the reasons that determine the use of this type of words? How can we check if the use of this kind of words is necessary? What solutions can we propose in order to avoid the use of this type of neologisms without a well-defined reason? These are some important questions to which we will try to find appropriate explanations and examples taken from everyday speech.

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Les dictionnaires bilingues comme seuils interculturels

Author(s): Maria-Alexandra DRUȚU / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

For religious and cultural reasons, from the 2nd Millennium onwards, lexicographic activity has experienced very significant development. If the first dictionaries in the West were the threshold for the understanding of religious texts, later, with the more and more frequent exchanges between East and West, bilingual dictionaries appeared, this time as a cultural threshold, with a modern language as the main language and emphasizing technical terminology rather than religious terminology. In our paper we will briefly present the evolution of dictionaries and then identify some specialty papers on religious terminology in Romanian and French. We will focus on the issue of translations from Romanian into French in the manner presented by Felicia Dumas in her papers, as well as the threshold represented by specialty dictionaries in religious translations, when talking about the representation of the Orthodox Christian religion in the French language. We will also present a comparative analysis between two French-Romanian bilingual dictionaries published in different centuries, to feature the threshold between the past and the present and the way in which the religious terms of an old dictionary are still taken up in another more recent one, despite developments and trends to remove them throughout history.

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Категорията съставни лексикални единици в нормативната граматика

Author(s): Ruska Stancheva,Viara Maldžieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses the systematic description of multiword expressions (MWEs) as objects of grammar. The definition of such units is proposed, their scope is determined, criteria for their identification are derived. A framework for description of the grammatical properties of MWEs is presented that takes into consideration two distinct types of MWEs – syntactic phrasemes and phrasemes. Main normative problems related to the use of syntactic phrasemes are noted.

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За изграждането на терминологичната система на старобългарския книжовен език в областта на финансите и стоково-паричните отношения (върху материал от Синайския патерик)

Author(s): Elka Mircheva / Language(s): Bulgarian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article examines insufficiently clarified issues regarding the construction of the Bulgarian terminology in the field of finance and commodity-monetary relations. 3 patericon stories from the Sinaitic Patericon are analyzed. The study involves a significant number of witnesses of the transmission of these texts over a vast chronological segment spanning the 10th – 19th centuries.

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Трансформацията на имената от притчите в идеологеми и възприемането на алегориите в старобългарската екзегеза

Author(s): Pirnika Penkova-Lyager / Language(s): Bulgarian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Drawing on the Old Bulgarian translations of Athanasius of Alexandria and Basil the Great, the author traces the use of allegorical theology in the 4th century and its reflection as Прїточное богословие during the 10th century. The linguistic comparison between the use of allegorical key-names by Athanasius of Alexandria and the process of conceptualization of ordinary names to divine predicates and theological terms by Basil the Great provides the necessary discourse for the observations on the language practice of the Preslav’s men of letters. When illustrating the process of deriving human knowledge from the literal to the figurative interpretation of a certain story from the Bible, John the Exarch and Constantine of Preslav relied on a common theological platform, also known from the original works of the two authors. The criteria for the correctness of the exegesis according to the two authors are specified.

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Ходонимите на Бургас в миналото и днес

Author(s): Mariyana Parzulova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper examines the hodonyms (names of streets and boulevards) in the city of Burgas from the end of the 19th century till the present day. It presents the reasons for their naming and renaming in different periods of the history of the city and the country

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Българският дискурсен маркер 'де' в балкански контекст

Author(s): Ekaterina Tarpomanova / Language(s): Albanian,Bulgarian,Romanian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses the discourse marker де in the languages of the Balkan Sprachbund (Bulgarian, Albanian, Greek, and Romanian). Theories on the etymology of де in the Balkan languages are analyzed in view of the likelihood of a substratum, Turkic or Slavic origin. The focus is on the use and meaning of the discourse marker. In Bulgarian, Greek, and Albanian, three main meanings can be distinguished, along with some set phrases, while Romanian deviates from the Balkan pattern in the use of the marker.

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