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We discuss a dynamic model for managing network traffic flows of a network air carrier based: (i) on a detailed analysis of the pre-existing freight traffic along the routes of the air carrier network in terms of the volume of cargo being transported and the fares for key destinations, and (ii) on the analysis of current data on the existing traffic of the network air carrier. We observe irregularity in the freight traffic and fluctuations in the demand and in the fares with respect of the different destinations.
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The aim of the study is to assess the equity in Bulgarian health system based on a set of interrelated indicators. The most common equity indicators used for health system performance assessment are explored, and a set of several reliable and available indicators is constructed. Indicators related to health status and health outcomes, access to health services, health system financing and financial protection of the population and quality of health services are selected. The selected indicators are analysed by separate population groups, and the results of the analysis and assessment show that the equity in the health system in Bulgaria is disturbed and severe inequalities between different socio-economic groups are identified.
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The penetration of digital technologies into the ordinary daily life of a person creates a huge sphere of emerging opportunities with its specific and significant economic and social importance. In terms of product exchange, the field of attracting, stimulating and satisfying consumer demand is gradually migrating to the new dimensions of digital technology and the Internet. Today, more and more retailers are successfully adapting information and communication technologies to carry out their businesses into the new economy. This enables their favorable development at global, national and regional levels and the need for systematic studies. The article examines the main economic indicators of the activity of business agents of non-store retail trade in Varna region, which allows to draw a picture of the specific regional development and to look at the background similarities and differences with the processes taking place at national and global level.
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The current publication is focused on managing travel agency customers in an expanding electronic business environment, influencing process and models of dealing with customers. As human nature is stated to be a factor to consider when e-technology steps in, the author suggests opportunities to keep the balance by implementing e-business initiatives and avoiding mistakes in managing travel agency clients. The purpose is by revealing some practical approaches to propose working examples in servicing in order to emphasize on the importance of travel agencies' role and significance to their customers; reveal the integrant relation between technology and proper customer management; and the importance for the travel agent professionals to improve styles in doing e-business, respecting the human nature of the traveller.
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The paper's objective is to investigate the reasons to organizational crises and the factors influencing these processes. System, process and holistic approaches are applied to the study. The reason-and-effect links have been clarified in the process of organizational crises. A critical analysis of the specialized literature and practice in the field has been made. The determination of all the elements, units and links in it will help in the process of its management. This research will assist the managers in taking the proper decisions for the future development of the organization and ignore the reasons for crisis situations.
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SMEs are one of the most widely used business models in today's economy. This explains the great scientific and applied interest in them as one of the elements in the economic system that is subject to constant study. For the purposes of SME management, the essence of this concept needs to be clearly defined. There are two approaches to defining it, quantitative and qualitative. In the specialist literature, each of approaches has both advantages and disadvantages. The present study provides a critical analysis of existing approaches, on the basis of which a new comprehensive approach is proposed to define the concept of SMEs
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The article has examined the relation between the concepts of Knowledge Management and Entrepreneurial Activity of the organization. The theoretical grounds for finding such a connection has been studied; the character of the ambiguous phenomenon of Entrepreneurial Activity of the organization has been presented. The Basic theses in the field of the Knowledge Management have been interpreted. One perspective on the strategic aspects of the relation "the Knowledge Management - Entrepreneurial Activity" has been presented. The results of the study highlight the epistemological approach as a beneficial research perspective having its genesis in the Austrian School of Economic Theory, as well as its contemporary applicability in the development of the Knowledge Management strategy and system that contribute to Entrepreneurial Activity and sustainability of competitive advantage.
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Various participants are involved in the purchase of the goods and services for the business. A common practice when purchasing important goods is the creation of purchasing committees composed of technical experts and senior executives. In addition, B-to-B marketing professionals are now facing a new generation of supply managers who are more qualified. Therefore, companies need to have well-trained marketing professionals able to work with these well-prepared buyers. The purpose of the article is to present a model of business buyer behavior and to find out how marketing and other incentives affect the purchasing organization and cause certain reactions from the buyer.
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In the study of the theory and practice of business management, it is more and more often commented on the new qualities that a modern leader should possess. This substantiates the author's research interest in exploring and analyzing the relationship between the leader's leadership behavior and the manager and the organization's leadership. The focus is on the knowledge, roles, and skills that a leader needs to possess that are considered to determine the leadership behavior of the organization he or she is managing in a rapidly changing environment. The purpose of the publication is to synthesize and systematize the qualities and characteristics of the leadership behavior of the manager, which are a prerequisite for achieving strategic success and leadership of the entire business organization. On this basis, to identify areas of knowledge and skills with which to upgrade the competencies of modern managers.
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Assessing access to healthcare in a given country remains a challenging endeavor. Despite the frequent use of access as a dimension of the health system performance assessment frameworks, there is no agreed-upon set of indicators to evaluate it. This study aims to assess the access to healthcare in Bulgaria. The assessment is based on a set of the most commonly used indicators with publicly available data. Results show that timeliness and physical availability are not substantial barriers for obtaining health services in Bulgaria, as the values for most of the considered indicators are better than the EU average. The most significant barrier to access to healthcare in Bulgaria is the financial affordability. Data shows insufficient financial protection alongside other factors resulting in higher than the EU average level of unmet needs due to financial reasons. Policy measures focused on decreasing the share of private health expenditures ought to be exerted to reduce inequalities in access to healthcare services.
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The report addresses key issues related to the nature, development of healthcare systems, the role and importance of the concept of strategic governance in the health sector. Emphasis is placed on the functions performed by healthcare managers. The purpose of this study is to analyze and clarify the process of strategic governance, its implementation in the activities of health organizations in the realization of health reforms. The following methods and approaches have been used in the course of work: review of our and foreign literary sources, methods of comparative analysis, synthesis and others. Conclusions have been drawn on the implementation of strategic governance in the field of healthcare and recommendations for its improvement have been proposed.
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Human impacts on the ecosystems of the planet increase rapidly in last few decades. Our increasing population, and expanding levels of consumption mean that more people are consuming more of nature resources and services, reaching the limit of sustainability. The global trade is feeding this consumption, by moving a wide range of goods from one part of the world to another with ship, plane, train, or truck. One critical element in this economic globalization is the movement of organisms into new ecosystems trough trade, transport, travel and tourism. In the new ecosystems where they alien, some of these species could be harmful to native species and human economic interests.
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According to the accents in the system of managing people in the work process, there are many models for HR management. Dynamic business environment imposes a new look at the role of Human resources in achieving final goals. This is a challenge for leaders of modern organizations. During last years different ideas for new HR management model in mining companies are coming up. This new model emphasizes on the HR value proposition. Management should be directed to benefits for personnel, managers, clients, owners and society. An example for good practice in this direction is the model for management in leading mining companies. HR management via gaining trust with interested sides allows mining companies to succeed in the development and upgrading of their activity during last years. They can also maintain their good public image.
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The present publication aims to justify the thesis that long-term successful development of organizations calls for appropriate decisions in the area of managing change and innovation. The causes for this should be sought both in the external and internal environment: the need for modernizing business processes and improving strategic management, the prompt response to competitors' actions, the adequate reaction to innovations in science and technology, among other things. Anticipatory decision making in this field provides flexibility and adaptability in organizations' behavior and minimizes the risks related to the occurrence of crisis situations. Thus additional opportunities are generated for maintaining and speeding up growth.
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In the context of globalization, managing an organization affects communities, citizens and customers, employees, and different civil society associations. It concerns awareness of choices which managers make and that affect people's lives. The article examines how to deal with such situations in terms of universalism and relativism in international management, with the accompanying benefits and criticisms of each one. It also presents conveying the impact of organizations' activities in the daily lives of diverse populations around the world is, whose interests or even existence may at great extent be absent from the organization's decision-making. Measures for fostering ethical behaviour are also presented, respectively at international, national, community and intra-company levels. At the finale, we also highlight the main concerns about "best" rules and their applicability.
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Luxury residential properties have become an object of interest to an increasing part of society, but their essence and characteristics are not considered in the scientific literature. For the purpose of clarifying and defining luxury residential property, the scope and content of related terms such as "real estate", "real estate", etc. should first be considered.
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