![В памет на Свен Густавсон (1938–2013)](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2103_26972.jpg)
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This article presents variants for organizing the study of the myth for Prometheus in eight grade, that are designed in attempt at diversify the forms of interaction between the pupils and the teacher. A comparison with two other works – the poem “Prometheus” of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1774) and the story “Punishment for Prometheus” of Czech author Karel Chapek (included in book “Apocrypha”, 1932) – could be made in the lessons. The article comments the necessity of creating such conditions for self-dependent work of pupils that can motivate them for appearance in front of the class. This also leads to a profound interpretation of the myth.
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This article is devoted to analysis of the text of John's Gospel which is present in the Croatian Glagolitic Missals and Breviaries created before the 15th century. Research has shown that these liturgical books contain one of the early versions of Old Slavonic translation of the Gospel, which in some Croatian sources was again fixed after Latin originals or subjected to linguistic Croatization. The Gospel text of the Croatian Breviaries and Missals which has not been subjected to a secondary correction often coincides with the Preslav edition of the Gospel. This is the result of a comparison between these Glagolitic sources and a critical edition of the Church Slavonic Gospel of John, prepared by a team of researchers led by A. Alexeev. Cases of coincidence between the Croatian texts and the more recent Cyrillic editions are very rare and not entirely convincing which excludes the possibility of later changes in the Glagolitic sources after Cyrillic copies. That Preslav edition of John's Gospel has been used in the preparation of Croatian liturgical books where it later developed independently within the framework of its own textological tradition.
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Use of an ethnolect/ a minor language - not only in public discourse but also in literature (and literary translation) can be considered as a political act; it also plays a significant role in creating, reinforcing and enhancing regional communities. The paper focuses on main features of regional literatures in contemporary Poland, especially on those written in ethnolects and/or regional languages (e.g. Kashubian, Upper Silesian, Vilamovian/Wilamowicean, Prussian). The Author also discusses the most important issues regarding writing in ethnolects: low status of etnolects/dialects in comparison to national/literary languages, fluent identity, multilingualism, status of a regional culture.
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The author considers the phenomenon of the images of the Belorussian in the works of modern Slavic writers. The following structural components of its paradigm are analyzed: auto-images (images of Belorussians in Belarussian literature) and hetero-image (images of Belarussians in Polish, Czech and Ukrainian literature), their formal characteristics and inner content, modality and interaction, as well as the functional and strategic significance for the formulation of the principles of national Identity and outline of its boundaries at the time of creation (for auto-images). Taking as an example the works of Karpovich, Topol, Urban, Singaevsky, Andrukhovych and some others texts, the author shows that in the non-Belorussian writers’ works, the images of Belarus and the Belorussians have been generally stereotyped (in Ukrainian and Czech literarture) or grotesque (in Czech literature) or even stigmatized (in Polish and Czech litersture). Such images illustrate the cultural and civilization influences and fix certain typological coincidences between the corresponding literary receptions. The imagological image appears to be an extralinguistic phenomenon, a full-fledged subject of interethnic relations, the modality of which forms the scenario of such relationships and determines the role of the author as their social mediator. The article also compares the image of the Belarussian in classical and modern Belarussian literature. There are examples of postmodern ironic rethinking of Kupala autoreflections in the works of Belarussian poets of the 21st century, attempts to deconstruct stereotypical perceptions of Belarussian realities are demonstrated. There is a connection between the updating of the image of Belarus in the writings of modern Belarussian writers and the intensity of the processes of self-identification in the stream of Belarussian culture of the 21st century.
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In the course of the 19th century, the Czechs were intensely immigrating to the rural areas of the today’s Bjelovar-Bilogora County. Until the time of the First World War, organised cultural activity had – in those circles – been in its earliest beginnings. The first association of the Czechs was Češka beseda, which was formed in 1907 in Donji Daruvar. The cultural life of the Czechs in the area of the Bjelovar-Bilogora County became livelier between the two world wars; in that period, wherever they settled, the Czechs formed their national associations. The Czechoslovak institutions had financially supported such associations; the intention was to put an end to the assimilation process of the Czechs and the Slovaks in rural milieus. This was made possible thanks to the highest organisation – the Czechoslovak Union – formed in 1921, which took care of the cultural life of the Czechs and the Slovaks in the territory of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. The Union was led mostly by Czech nationals, who were representatives of the Czechoslovak institutions and hence not adequately familiar with the life of the Czechs in rural milieus. In the Daruvar area, the beseda of Daruvar played the vital role in the forming of the Czech associations. The cultural life of the Czechs in the area of the today’s County had experienced many vagaries. In the period of the Independent State of Croatia, the cultural life was at a standstill, Czech associations and schools were not operating; nevertheless, this situation changed towards the end of the war. After the war, the rights of the national minorities were officially recognised from the level of the state. However, a problem occurred – a lack of domestic professional staff, since many Czech teachers had returned to their homeland before the war, and the rest remigrated together with more than five thousand Czechs from the territory of the then state. This situation became even worse after the Informbureau resolution of 1948, whereby any kind of assistance from Czechoslovakia regarding culture was withdrawn. In addition to its involvement concerning education, the Czechoslovak Union (today the Czech Union) has furthermore been encouraging the operation of the beseda associations, which foster various cultural activities: music, singing, folklore, theatre, etc. The Czech Union moreover supports the publishing activity, takes care of preserving the Czech historical sources, and helps to ensure optimal working conditions in all social environments in which beseda associations are active. Thanks to the state-level assistance from the Republic of Croatia and the Czech Republic, the cultural activities of the Czechs in Croatia have indeed flourished; thereby, the bilateral relations between the two sovereign states are continuously developed and enhanced.
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Czechs are one of the ethnic groups that have been present in the life of the town since its foundation. Czech soldiers, officials, craftsmen, and musicians moved into Bjelovar. The strongest trace Czechs left was in the music sphere, starting from father Hubert Diviš, a creator and organizer of the musical life in Bjelovar, Josef Mazánek, a conductor of the oldest singing society Dvojnice to Josef Bis and Emil Černy, two musicians whose compositions weren’t explored so their entire work cannot be entirely valued. Dr. Josip Vrana, one of the distinguished Slavists, tried to maintain and to promote the Czech language. Today’s presence of Czechs in the cultural life of Bjelovar is being observed mostly through the Czech culturalartistic society Česká obec Bjelovar, established in the year 1920.
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In post-communist Central European countries the interpretation of the past is still oftengenerated by myths, self-pity, martyrdom, and the denial of one’ s own fault. Vergangenheitsbewältigung,a conscious, critical examination of the historical past, which is present inGerman language and literature, is almost absent in Hungarian, Slovak, Polish and Czechpolitics, culture, literature and films. The present study deals with cultural and political strategies,applied in films and literary texts of V4 countries, which critically process taboos,related to the national past. The study examines the issue of the historical self-criticism inPolish, Czech (Josef Urban’ s novels Habermannův mlýn – Habermann’ s Mill, 2001 and 7 dníhríchů – The 7 Days of Sin, 2012 and their film adaptations directed by Juraj Herz and JiříChlumský) and Hungarian (Tibor Cseres’ s novel Hideg napok – Cold Days, 1964 and its 1966film adaptation directed by András Kovács) literature and films.
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Review of: Umbrüche innerhalb der Schriftlichkeit in profanen und sakralen Übersetzungstexten des Deutschen, Tschechischen und Polnischen vom 15. bis zum 17. Jahrhundert. Hrsg. von Sebastian Seyferth . (westostpassagen – Slawistische Forschungen und Texte, Bd. 19.) Olms. Hildesheim 2014. 186 S., 7 Ill. ISBN 978-3-487-15137-3. (€ 34,80.). Reviewed by Thomas Daiber.
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Review of: MICHAL JAREŠ – PAVEL MANDYS: Dějiny české detektivky [The History of the Czech Detective Novel] Praha: Paseka, 2019. 488 s. ISBN 978-80-7432-977-7 EVA MALITI FRAŇOVÁ: Andrej Belyj / Celistvosť (v) mnohosti [Andrei Bely / The Wholeness of (in) Multiplicity] Bratislava: Veda, vydavateľstvo SAV, Ústav svetovej literatúry SAV, 2018. 239 s. ISBN 978-80-224-1696-2 ANDREA BOKNÍKOVÁ (ed.): Poetika poézie a jej prekladu [Poetics of Poetry and Its Translation] Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2018. 458 s. ISBN 978-80-223-4638-2 NIKOL DZIUB – FRÉDÉRIQUE TOUDOIRE-SURLAPIERRE (eds.): Comparative Literature in Europe: Challenges and Perspectives Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019, 265 pp. ISBN: 978-1-52-75-2226-1 THOMAS OLIVER BEEBEE (ed): German Literature as World Literature. New York – London: Bloomsbury Academic 2016. 214 pp. ISBN 978-1501317712
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Kierkegaard’s Fear and Trembling analyses the biblical figure of Abraham, who was supposed to sacrifice his son Isaac, an act he calls “a knight of faith’ s conduct”. As other authors add, there are different aspects of behaviour – order, decision, jump, sacrifice and silence. We have borrowed the concept and applied it to two novels: Troje paměti Víta Choráze (The Three Memoirs of Vít Choráz) by Julius Zeyer and Hécate by Pierre Jean Jouve. Both transform this concept but show this knight of faith according to the abovementioned attributes as well.
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Dieser Beitrag besteht aus einem theoretischen Teil, in dem der bisherige Forschungsstand auf dem Gebiet der NPs (Nominalphrasen) und der Abfolge der NPs vorgestellt wird, der als Grundlage für eine korpusbasierte Analyse dienen wird. Dem Hauptziel widmen wir uns im zweiten Teil des Beitrags, der korpusgestützten empirischen Untersuchung. Das Ziel ist es, zu überprüfen, od die zahlreichen theoretischen Ansätze, die Abfolge der NPs betreffend, einer solchen empirischen Untersuchung standhalten. Es sei an dieser Stelle vermerkt, dass während der Analyse nicht auf den ganzen Satz Bezug genommen wird, sondern nur auf den Teil des Satzes, in dem zwei NPs aufeinander treffen können. Das beudeutet, es wird der Teil des Satzes zwischen der linken und der rechten Klammer analysiert (z.B. Franz hat seinem Bruder die Wahrheit gesagt.; [...] dass Franz seinem Bruder die Wahrheit gesagt hat.), wobei die NPs nicht unmittelbar aufeinander folgen müssen.
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The paper explores hybrid identities of main characters in chosen contemporary authors as Kafka, Dürrenmatt, Bulgakov, Dukaj, and in particular Brown. They all contribute to the posthumanist literary genre and to better comprehension of condition posthumana as a leading utopia in the age of advanced technologies. The author argues for affinities between the human and the non-human brain, far beyond the anthropocentrism and anthropodenialism controversy.
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This article addresses the last creative period of the poet Konstantin Biebl (1898–1951) in the late 1940s and early 1950s and explores it in a broader cultural and political context, taking into consideration the poet’s character, the genesis of his last collection of poems entitled "Bez obav" [Unafraid] (1951), as well as the unexplained circumstances of his tragic death. Biebl was one of the leading representatives of leftist avant-garde art in interwar Czechoslovakia. In the early 1940s he stopped publishing. After the Communist coup in 1948 he tried to adjust to the period’s ideological and aesthetic norms as applied to the new literature in the spirit of socialist realism, which is reflected in "Bez obav". The article focuses on the events taking place after its publication, which culminated with the poet’s suicide in November 1951. The author presents these events and the relationships between the actors in the light of previously unpublished documents from the archival collection of the poet, translator and cultural official, Jiří Taufer (1911–1986), who was one of the key figures in the cultural policy of the period and the conflicts surrounding it. The author sees the main value of these documents in their focus on František Nečásek (1913–1968), the head of the culture and press department of the Office of the President of the Republic and the holder of several other posts, whose role in these events – possibly a very important one – has so far been somewhat overlooked. The article includes an annotated edition of contemporary and later texts, mostly of a personal character and unpublished, which illustrate the context of the described events. The article concludes with a summary interpretation of these documents.
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This article addresses the last creative period of the poet Konstantin Biebl (1898–1951) in the late 1940s and early 1950s and explores it in a broader cultural and political context, taking into consideration the poet’s character, the genesis of his last collection of poems entitled "Bez obav" [Unafraid] (1951), as well as the unexplained circumstances of his tragic death. Biebl was one of the leading representatives of leftist avant-garde art in interwar Czechoslovakia. In the early 1940s he stopped publishing. After the Communist coup in 1948 he tried to adjust to the period’s ideological and aesthetic norms as applied to the new literature in the spirit of socialist realism, which is reflected in "Bez obav". The article focuses on the events taking place after its publication, which culminated with the poet’s suicide in November 1951. The author presents these events and the relationships between the actors in the light of previously unpublished documents from the archival collection of the poet, translator and cultural official, Jiří Taufer (1911–1986), who was one of the key figures in the cultural policy of the period and the conflicts surrounding it. The author sees the main value of these documents in their focus on František Nečásek (1913–1968), the head of the culture and press department of the Office of the President of the Republic and the holder of several other posts, whose role in these events – possibly a very important one – has so far been somewhat overlooked. The article includes an annotated edition of contemporary and later texts, mostly of a personal character and unpublished, which illustrate the context of the described events. The article concludes with a summary interpretation of these documents.
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The aim of this study is to present the basic context of literary research on popular literature in Slovakia, following studies by Věra Brožová (2008) and Jiří Hrabal (2022), looking specifically at the forms of 19th-century Robinsonades, including Czech Robinsonades reprinted in Slovakia from the late 18th century through the 19th century. With the exception of a single edition of Pavel Šulc’s adaptation, we know of no adaptations of Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe in the Czech context to have been published in Slovak editions; this is surprising considering the popularity of the theme and rich history of Czech adaptations, and we believe that further investigation is required. This study therefore distinguishes between the ‘Robinsonade’ and ‘folk Robinsonade’, with respect to the different motivations for adapting Defoe’s work in the context of Slovakian popular literature: that is, between the Robinsonade as a line started by the Czech translation of J. Campe’s German adaptation Robinson der Jüngere (and subsequent adaptations by V. Kramerius’s and others; the ‘Czech Story’ follows, for example, the aforementioned study by Hrabal), and various other works that draw instead on the success of Defoe’s novel to create adventure stories based on the Robinson theme. The heroes of these stories — Berthold, Ildegert, Spelhofen, and Engelbrecht — are known from both Czech and Slovak editions. The results of this comparison, together with an examination of the factors that may have caused these changes at all investigated levels, are formulated as manifestations of specific forms of inter-literary reception, namely ‘retellings’ with omission and expansion (Robinson der Jüngere), and — as examples of the ‘folk Robinsonade’ — adaptation (Berthold), plagiarism (Ildegert), interliterary allusion (Spelhofen), and allusion (Engelbrecht). Changes in form are found to be directly proportional to the degree of application of the poetics of popular literature.
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