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Kanibalka Marie. Zkáza Jeruzaléma a zavržení Židů v staročeské literatuře doby lucemburské

Author(s): Daniel Soukup / Language(s): Czech Issue: 5/2023

Flavius Josephus’s Bellum Judaicum account of the conquest of Jerusalem by Romans and the famine in 70 CE depicts a scene in which the Jewish matron Mary devours her own child. The story, in which this “terrible meal” plays an important symbolic role, also entered the vernacular texts of the Czech Middle Ages through Latin literature. In the eyes of Christian exegetes, who drew detailed information about Titus’s invasion and massacre of the Jews from Flavius Josephus, the sacking of Jerusalem was a punishment for Jewish unwillingness to accept Christ. By analysing Old Czech hagiographic and homiletic texts, I will show how the “fall of Jerusalem” formed the theological concept of the condemnation of the Jews and anti-Jewish rhetoric.

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Ambiwalencja jako próba odzyskania autentyzmu w reprezentacji Szoa. Przykład Arnošta Goldflama

Author(s): Agata Firlej / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2023

The starting point for this research is the crisis in discourse and pedagogy related to the representation of the Holocaust, as well as the crisis of empathy in its perception, signaled by, among others, Ernst van Alphen. With the passage of time increasing numbers of representations appear that push the boundaries of inappropriateness, requiring new approaches and new scientific findings. The Czech playwright Arnošt Goldflam, a representative of the second generation of survivors and at the same time an artist associated with the independent culture of the 1960s and 1970s, uses the category of ambivalence in his plays about the Holocaust, which may be considered as flirting with inappropriate representations of Shoah, leading to a convincing attempt to overcome its crisis.

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Wielogłos. Polskie, czeskie i słowackie teksty o Zagładzie

Author(s): Kinga Piotrowiak-Junkiert / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2023

Review of: Wielogłos. Polskie, czeskie i słowackie teksty o Zagładzie Handbook of Polish, Czech, and Slovak Holocaust Fiction. Eds. Elisa-Maria Hiemer, Jiří Holý, Agata Firlej, Hana Nichtbur-gerová. Berlin: De Gruyter. 2021, 514 s.

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Franz Kafkas Beziehungen zu Jicchak Löwy. Neues Material zur Biographie Franz Kafkas.

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Franz Kafkas Beziehungen zu Jicchak Löwy. Neues Material zur Biographie Franz Kafkas.

Author(s): Jiřina Hlaváčová / Language(s): German Issue: 1/1965

This document provides information about Franz Kafka's friendship with Jicchak Löwy, a member of a theater-wandering troupe. It mentions their collaboration on a recitation evening and a theater performance, as well as Kafka's efforts to help Löwy financially. The document also includes Kafka's diary entries describing their walks and conversations. The relationship between Kafka and Löwy is highlighted as a source of support and encouragement for Löwy, despite the challenges they headed.

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Hrůza v dětské literatuře

Author(s): Eva Svátková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2023

The study deals with the occurrence of the horror genre and its typical aspects in children's and youth literature. First, the genre of horror is introduced, i.e. the definition of horror and its functions in adult literature are described. Some prominent features and characteristics which describe the genre in general are outlined. In addition, such genre elements that are specific to the occurrence of horror in children's and young adult literature are highlighted. Their specific functions in terms of the effect on the reader and the structure of a horror narrative are described. Moreover, the functions of horror in children's literature are presented. The study ends with an attempt to define horror in children's and youth literature based on a summary of the previously presented findings.

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Die Tschechoslowakische Republik als nationale Dystopie. (Bürger)Kriegs- und Invasionsphantasien in Karl Hans Strobls Zukunftsroman Feuer im Nachbarhaus (1938)

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Die Tschechoslowakische Republik als nationale Dystopie. (Bürger)Kriegs- und Invasionsphantasien in Karl Hans Strobls Zukunftsroman Feuer im Nachbarhaus (1938)

Author(s): Milan Horňáček / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2023

The literature of the so-called Eastern Turn which dominates the German migration literature of the 21st century shows common thematic features regardless of the authors’ country of origin, but also differences related to the migration background of the author in question. German authors with Czechoslovak roots often refer to Franz Kafka in their texts. This has a pragmatic function – writers from the East want to establish themselves in the (West) German market by referring to this world-famous compatriot. Allusions to Kafka reflect the peculiar reception of his texts in a country with a communist dictatorship. Moreover, the references to Kafka in Reinerová, Moníková and Wagnerová are gender-specific: they are simultaneously an emancipatory settlement with a literary tradition shaped by men.

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„Člověk pokouší krajinu“

Author(s): Mariana Machová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 6/2023

This study explores the possibilities of an ecocritical reading of the work of the Czech poet Jiřina Hauková (1919–2005). Despite the position of Jiřina Hauková’s poetry in the canon of modern Czech poetry, her poetry has not yet been analysed from this perspective. The starting point for the study is contemporary Anglo-American thinking on “ecopoetry” and “ecopoetics”, which emphasizes the exploration and systematic revision of our intimate yet ambiguous relationship with the natural world and a complex grasp of the otherness of this world.

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Stylometrická analýza církevněslovanských textů české provenience

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Stylometrická analýza církevněslovanských textů české provenience

Author(s): Radek Čech,Miroslav Veprek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 5 (Suppl.)/2023

The paper presents a pilot study of stylometric analysis of Czech Church Slavonic texts. The aim of the study is to measure similarities / differences among texts based on selected quantitative characteristics. Specifically, the average token length (ATL), moving average type-token ratio (MATTR), and text distances determined by normalized frequencies of the most frequent words (MFW) are applied. For the analysis, we used a corpus of twelve Church Slavonic literary writings attributed (with various probability) to Czech authors in the 10th and 11th centuries. In addition, two more textual sources were added (Codex Suprasliensis and the Life of St. Methodius) to compare the results and get a more complex view of relationships among texts. The results show the plausibility of the application of methods on this specific sample of texts.

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Jewish Hebrew Studies in the Czech Lands in the Pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment Periods

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Jewish Hebrew Studies in the Czech Lands in the Pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment Periods

Author(s): Bedřich Nosek / Language(s): English Issue: 1/1989

The author focuses his attention on Jewish grammatical studies in the Czech lands in the pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment periods, and as for their representatives, above all on Hayyim ben Moshe Shaq, a Prague grammarian of the pre-Haskala period. Analysed here is Shaq’s grammar “Sefer Yad hayyim“ and its contents.

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NEPODNOŠLJIVOST SUSEDOVANJA

Author(s): Mirjana Stošić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2020

This paper deals with the immunological practices of Kafka’s anonymous inhabitant in an unfinished late narrative “The Burrow” (“Der Bau”, 1923-1924) who builds a labyrinth within the burrow in order to safeguard it from imminent or proleptic future intruders. The mole-like builder of the labyrinth-like structure is securing its house from parasites “known” only by the noise they make. This noise – against which the obsessive stuffing of holes and drilling of passages take place (including the infinite displacement of the center and margin) – corresponds to the radical faceless alterity, given that the “face” of noise is precisely the muddied face of the burrower. Entrances in Kafkaesque literary worlds are in fact the limit of the passage as such, the impossibility of being only inside or only outside. The aggressive covering of porous and loose walls, and closing all potential passages is endangering the burrow structure as such. The burrow becomes the centralized system, always suppressing the heterogeneity of gateways, entrances and exits, the difference that will erode the silenced fixity of centered identity. Ultimately, the burrow becomes infinitely fractalized. The question of alterity, within the tradition of guarding the wholeness of the subject (its body, its proper place, its identity and its name), is often reduced to the question of corporeal, political, cultural parasites of the communal body. The other, as a parasitical emblem, destabilizes the notion of the limit (between the host and the guest), and is the sign of a host being always already a frightened guest of its own homely place.

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Alttschechische Glossen in mittelalterlichen hebräischen Schriften und älteste Denkmäler der tschechischen Literatur

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Alttschechische Glossen in mittelalterlichen hebräischen Schriften und älteste Denkmäler der tschechischen Literatur

Author(s): Jiřina Šedinová / Language(s): German Issue: 2/1981

The authoress pays attention to glosses in Old Czech to be found in medieval Hebrew books. First she mentions the most important Hebrew texts of this kind and papers dealing with the subject. She also discusses some orthographic problems, mainly the transcription of OÏd Czech into the Hebrew alphabet. Finally the glosses in Hebrew books are compared with those to be found in Latin texts dating from the 12th-13th centuries.

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Резюме

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/1981

Summaries for Judaica Bohemiae 1981/2.

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Karel Čapek vs Agatha Christie

Author(s): Dagmar Mocná / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

This essay focuses on the issue of semantic and expressive specificity that is midlevel in the vertical model of literature (known as Midcult). It explores this issue through a comparative analysis of two short stories on the same theme. This essay focuses on two particular aspects: thematic construction (one thematic line versus multiple thematic lines) and the nature of the narrative (objective versus subjectivized narrative). The essay thus sees Povídky z jedné kapsy (translated by Norma Comrada as Stories from One Pocket) as a typical product of the middle literary level, which it considers an essential part of any developed literary culture with the important function of cultivating and mediating for the reader.

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Représentations et fonctions narratives de l'empathie dans L'insoutenable légereté de l'etre de Milan Kundera

Author(s): Antoaneta Robova / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

Milan Kundera's novels are characterised by a strong intellectualisation of the narrative choices, which includes a very significant essayistic and (self-)reflexive component. The complex composition, irony, and polyphony encourage a slow approach on the part of the reader engaged in a cognitive quest. A recurrent textual strategy in Kundera's novels is to introduce a narrator into the world of fiction. The functioning of narrative empathy and the different representations of affective states are analysed in the novel The Unbearable Lightness of Being through the prism of cognitive literary studies and reception theory. Some narratological devices and approaches are also used to discuss the narrative functions of empathy. Representations of feelings from the spectrum of empathy and reflections on the concept of compassion are integrated into the novelistic fable. They become leitmotifs, capable of stimulating a response in the reader and of triggering affective empathy towards the characters. The reader's cognitive empathy is activated by the mediation of the narrator in this novel, which also thematises the manifestations of empathy and compassion by inserting them into the main storyline. Tomas's empathetic treatment of his partner Tereza functions as a turning point, revealing the existential ambiguity of personal choices. The narrator-mediator constructs the reader's mental image of the implied author and performs a function of activating cognitive empathy in the model reader. The extradiegetic voice provides metanarrative comments and contributes to the participatory involvement of the reader.

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Zaklínání Radka Malého

Author(s): Vladimíra Pánková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

The study focuses on the analysis of lyrical miniatures by Radek Malý from his collection Listonoš vítr (2011), most notably the poem Zaklínání psí in the reception of both adult readers (student teachers) and pubescent readers (upper secondary on grammar school). The subject of the research is the comparison of both communication situations, verification of the textual prompts of the poem in relation to the reader's age-receptive dispositions, assessment of the aesthetic coherence of the given text and illustrations by Pavel Čech. The research investigation produced some surprising findings. First: In the reception of adult readers, Radek Malý's poem Zaklínání psí was interpreted mainly in a sentimentally nostalgic, idyllic, or in a contemplative position, while in the reception of pubescent readers it also highlighted bitter themes of life (the problem of drunkenness, addiction and abandonment) in the form of fairy-tale motifs. Second: The poem, due to its compactness of form (motivic density), encouraged diverse (even contradictory in meaning) readings. Third: Readers' and illustrators' concretization of the text mostly differed in the reception.

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Téma československých letců RAF v české literatuře a možnosti jeho využití v hodinách literární výchovy

Author(s): Zuzana Malíčková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

The study deals with the topic of Czechoslovak RAF pilots, its place in Czech literature, the basic features of the work and the typology of characters, which is characteristic of the stories of pilots from the Second World War. In the introductory part, the position of the Second World War in Czech literature is generally outlined. Furthermore, the most important historical information on the issue of Czechoslovak RAF pilots is mentioned, because their works are strongly connected with historical realities. Finally, the study is devoted to the application of the topic in education reality, specifically in literary education. Here are presented several proposals for implementing the topic in lessons within the framework of both literary education and interdisciplinary relations (history, citizen education).

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Nová monografie ostravských badatelů o dětské poezii nového milénia

Author(s): Radomil Novák / Language(s): Slovak,Czech Issue: 1/2024

Review of: Novák, Radomil et al. Česká autorská poezie pro děti a mládež v novém miléniu (2000-2022). First edition. Brno: Books & Pipes, 2023. 194 pp. ISBN 978-80-7485-285-5.

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Maszkos költészet, Villoni balladahagyomány és baloldaliság a harmincas évek közép-európai költészetében

Author(s): Pál Száz / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2023

The study deals with poetry collections, two Hungarian, one Czech and one Croatian, which were written in the second half of the thirties of the 20th century. The considered collections of György Faludy, János Erdődy, Vítězslav Nezval and Miroslav Krleža pose the problem of authorship, represent masked poetry, construct other people’s roles (Villon, Petrica Kerempuh) and use a pseudonym (Robert David). The aforementioned four collections are also interesting from the point of view of the Central European reception of Villon and the genre tradition of the French ballad with which they are directly or indirectly connected. From the point of view of left-wing political poetry, the collections can also be considered top productions. In the case of researching the relationship between the authors and their masks, it is inevitable to analyze the poetic appearance of apostrophes and the phenomenalization of poetic voices.

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Hrabalův pan Armagedon: skutečný příběh nymburského kolportéra Františka Vašíčka

Author(s): Zdeněk Bauer / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2024

The article discusses the life of František Vašíček, a butcher and distributor of religious literature in Nymburk during the Nazi occupation. Vašíček, who was inspired by the biblical promise of Armageddon, became a fervent evangelist and was eventually arrested by the Gestapo for his religious activities. The article explores how Bohumil Hrabal, a renowned Czech writer, drew inspiration from Vašíček for characters in his works, particularly in "Městečko, kde se zastavil čas" and "Krasosmutnění." It highlights the challenges faced by Nymburk's residents during the occupation, including the deportation of Jews and the activities of the resistance. The narrative also delves into Hrabal's personal connection to Nymburk and his family's interactions with Vašíček. The article underscores the blend of real events and literary imagination in Hrabal's writings, providing a nuanced portrayal of historical events through a personal lens.

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Básník ve věži ze slonoviny: Několik poznámek k nervalovským rezonancím v básnickém díle Karla Zlína a k překladům Nervalových Chimér do češtiny

Author(s): Veronika Košnarová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 69/2024

This study traces the various forms and manifestations of the creative relationship between the poet and artist Karel Zlín and the French writer Gérard de Nerval. Nerval’s literary works were never met with tremendous interest in the Czech environment, but — despite their extraordinary difficulty — they have attracted the attention of translators for nearly the entire 20th century up to the present day. The present study maps these translations with special attention to Czech versions of the cycle Les Chimères by a number of translators, including Karel Zlín, who also spent much time in his own literary and visual works reflecting on the poetic legacy and mythologization of Nerval.

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