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Фемінна ідея в романі Сімони де Бовуар “Мандарини”

Author(s): Svitlana Kryvoruchko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 88/2013

S. de Beauvoir’s great contribution is the formulation in her essay “The Second Sex” (1949) of q “feminine” cultural code in the history of the civilization, to which submit the „feministic” and the “female” aspects. The purpose of the analysis is to define the feminine concept on the material of “The Second sex”,as well as to study its incarnation, existential essence of the woman's artistic character Nadine on the novel “The Mandarines”. The essence of the “feminine” code consists in opening of “other” kind of female thinking, formed by the masculine world outlook and in overcoming this “other” as a psychological inferiority complex. The feminine concept aims to discover the transcendence and to depart from the immanency. The creative search of a woman herself as a being has to go beyond the traditional scope of the functions of the mother and mistress and to proceed on to the self-realization of a personality in her creative potential. In her novel “The Mandarins” (1954) S. de Beauvoir forms the conflict between Nadine and Henry as a kind of expression of a parable stratum (“the myth” about Adam and Eve), which appears to be substational since it cannot be resolved by the characters themselves. There is only one thing that can resolve this incomprehension between Adam and Eve as well as Nadine and Henry – the course of time and the regular march of history. The character of Nadine implements the authoress’s overcoming of this notion of “other” as a psychological inferiority complex, and seeks to trace a possible future way of woman’s self-actualization as an existent aspiring to discover personal creative potential. S. de Beauvoir creates for Henry and Nadine a probability to exist in happiness, so that they have to achieve mutual understanding and harmony. Henry's action consists in becoming happy with his sweetheart. The authoress opens up the prospect of the possibility of love and happiness in marriage, which is contrary to the previous literary tradition.

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Роль портрета в розкритті кризи особистості в романі Луї Фердінана Селіна „Північ”

Author(s): Nataliia Shaparieva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 87/2013

The purpose of this article is the research of the particularities and functions of portraiture in representing the psychological world of the heroes during the Second World War. So long as the creation of the hero image and representing of his inner world is the main mission of the writer, L.-F. Céline resorts to the description of appearance that reflects the psychological characteristics. In the Céline’s novel prevails the static element of portrait because natural and social features behold the paramount sense in creating the image system of the novel. By means of portraits the author transmits human suffering, draws the contrast between the outward form and the inner value of the heroes, underlines the social inequality. L.-F. Céline debunks as well the myth of the modern beauty that depreciates classic criteria. As a result the writer expresses his decadent attitude due to the moral and spiritual crisis of the society, because the heroes’ portraits mainly reveal aggression and groom. The artistic functions of the portrait are aimed at reflecting the world and men ugliness in the difficult socio-historical conditions of the Second World War times. The value of the article dedicated to L.-F. Céline consists in his considerable impact on the world literature of the XX century.

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Транзитивність жанру франкомовного роману межі ХХ–ХХІ століть у творах А. Нотомб

Author(s): Maria Belyavskaya-Slyusaryeva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 87/2013

The research proposes an attempt of analysis of tendencies of modern novel genre, which is represented in a new conception of the literature and the process of reading. A novel appears before research workers and literary critics as a plastic category, deprived of permanent idea and thematic, artistic and formal signs, that persists its continuous evolutional synthesizing process. Swift technical progress fundamentally changes the realization of literary discourse, creating for it new forms and facilities. On the material of works of the Belgian authoress A. Nothomb the research suggests to analyse oscillation in the field of genres within the framework of a modern novel.The purpose of the analysis consists in contrastive creating of a certain image of the modern novel, emphasizing of its structural, idea and thematic, and also contents characteristics within the framework of the writers' artistic search in XX–XXI cs.As a methodological base of the analysis of the text formal and structural methods have been used, to study the literary, cultural and historical contexts cultural and historical, comparative and sociological methods have also been applied, as well as the hermeneutical approach in the analysis of the work as a complete unit.The achievement of the proposed research is the processing of the literary fund of the turn of XX–XXI centuries. with the purpose to enrich the theoretical basis of the studied social and cultural period.

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Письмо про себе героя французького роману: до питання про жанрову парадигму

Author(s): Yulia Pavlenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 87/2013

The article introduces the analysis of the French novel’s genre parameters, one of the core element of which is the specificity of the narrative form of a protagonist-narrator’s self-writing. The given research is based on J.-M. Schaeffer’s ideas (Qu'est-ce qu'un genre littéraire?). It focuses on the communicative frame of writing’s space about one(him/her)self.The study shows that the text’s convention with “Self-writing” genre is of great importance.Analytical description of the structural characteristics as methodological approach to the novels, in which poetic landscape is Self-writing by fictional person, identifies genre indexes, characteristics and markers of writing about oneself. As a result, the study makes it possible to assert the existence of transhistorical constants in such type of novels from the period of Enlightenment to the literary modernism times.Connection between genre indexes and characteristics serves one more object of the analysis.The study introduces the category of self-writing “indirect” index, which changes the structure of the genre expectations and transforms genre into paragenre.A special attention in the field of interpretation is paid to the correlation of fiction and reality in self-writing. The study comes to the definition of self-writing genre’s intentionality. A protagonist, who performs the function of homo scribens, enters into a dialogue with Self-Other, with an eye to disclosure innner secrets of his world and to achieve the self-harmonization, resulting in, accordingly, a change of the trajectory of his future through understanding of the past.

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DUHOVITOST JEDNE DAME

Author(s): Olga Dimitrijević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 142/2008

Tekst Žan Lik Lagarsa Pravila ponašanja u modernom društvu na prvi i samo prvi pogled se doima kao jedno mrtvo ozbiljno uputstvo kako se ljudsko biće, od kolevke pa do groba, treba da se ponaša i ophodi u životu, i koje građanske dužnosti treba da obavi. Sveta dužnost da nas uputi u pravila lepog ponašanja pripada jednoj dami – u svakoj prilici sređena žena s manirima konstruisana je upravo pravilima „lepog ponašanja“ i društveno je najviše dostignuće njihove primene (sâm tekst je baziran na knjizi saveta za lepo ponašanje koju je 1893. godine napisala jedna francuska baronesa).

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Diabeł w operze. Pajac Tomasza Manna w kontekście Fausta Johanna Wolfganga Goethego

Author(s): Andrzej Pilipowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2015

The protagonist of Thomas Mann’s short story The Clown (Der Bajazzo) cannot became an artist because he hasn’t got enough talent. He is also unable to live among people as an ordinary citizen because his social competencies haven’t been completely developed. That is why he can be regarded as a literary figure who tries to leave the real world and to penetrate the literary world. The devil who appears in Charles Gounod’s opera Faust based on Johann Wolfgang Goethe’s drama Faust and who is watching the protagonist from the stage during the opera performance seems to be the only person who can help him to find his existential space.

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Fracturi comunicaționale în propagarea discursului științific

Author(s): Matei Damian / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2017

The following paper essentially aims at detailing a traditional reality: the (in)efficiency (and necessity) of the act of communicating/spreading the results of any scientific research, as shown in Michel Claessens's book, La téchnique contre la démocratie. As this fair demand often proved itself uneven, being handled by whimsical actors, the great public used to be (and still is) the victim of diffuse beams of communication. Moreover, the webs of interests that drive (or driven by) the scientific communities – often sustained by possibly suspicious financial contrivances – also express a virtually impenetrable purpose.

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Nostalgia originii la Andreï Makine, Testamentul francez și Sorin Titel, Țara îndepărtată

Author(s): Simina Pîrvu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

In the Middle Ages, exile meant expatriation, the prolonged absence from the native lands, one can say that a person is in exile when it is not possible to return back home. Exile involves unsettlement; the expatriated suffers from nostalgia and tries to recover his origin, the center, his home. Thinking about the past involves an idealized representation of lived history, which may have the effect of a mythical evocation of the past.The nostalgia is one of the central ideas of the novels of the Russian writer Andreï Makine, who has hardly built his identity as a Russian writer of French, his literary beginnings being not simple. The theme of the nostalgia and the parallel between two different worlds are constantly found in Makine's novels, and in The French Will it gets a special note. Andreï Makine says in interviews that he chose to write in French, but his country of origin is always in his soul.Another writer – Romanian this time – in whose novels we find the nostalgia of origins is Sorin Titel, who reveals an unusual world, Banat, where the writer was born. The estrangement from Banat has beneficial consequences in almost all respects. Established in Bucharest, the author has the nostalgia of Banat and transforms it into an epic projection, reinvents Banat. The removal from the places of origin, the distancing, the alienation, are mandatory conditions of the pilgrimage to himself, for only by being far from Banat he could reinvent him, using the memories of his childhood. Even the title of his first book with which he begins the recuperation is enlightening: The Aloof Country, signifying both the Banat, geographically, and the age of childhood, at a symbolic level.This is the case with the two writers, Andreï Makine and Sorin Titel, writers who being far away from their native places, have fictionally translated what they feel for home - Russia and Banat.

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JOZEF K. I MERSO – NADNACIONALNOST APSURDA

Author(s): Ana Minić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 23/2018

Starting point for our work entitled Jozef K and Meursault - transnationality of absurd is found in our characters, also is found in Camus's own vision of Kafka's work as universal, but also turned to apsurd, although he thought that one work can not exist as apsurd and universal at the same time. His conclusions that he bases on Kafka's novels The Trial and The Castle, and he himself is considered to be a preacher of apsurd. His interpretations of Kafka's work Camus collected in his philosophical essay The Myth of Sisyphus entitled "Hope and the Absurd in the work of Franz Kafka".

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DIDEROT – UN ESPRIT OULIPIEN AVANT LE MOT

Author(s): Dragan Bogojević / Language(s): French Issue: 20/2018

An emblematic figure of the Lumières, Diderot experimented with numerous literary genres and forms. Philosopher of sensitive subject matter, mastermind of the large – scale project of the Encyclopédie, lucid critic of painters of his epoch, researcher of new ways in dramatic poetry, fervent epistolary writer, Diderot was also an unclassifiable and innovative story-teller. This brother Platon – a nickname given by Voltaire – has left us a rich intellectual heritage, subject to equally rich interpretations. Re-reading Diderot's short stories implies linking them with the concept "oulipo" by identifying certain common reference points. First, Diderot manifested an inclination, unprecedented in the encyclopeadist context, for formal experimentation. Second, his novelist proceeds reveal an acutely refined feeling for a literary play and multi-form technical variations. Finally, his artistic intention arises from careful and constant contemplation focused on the exploration of new literary expression beyond his time.

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"Путешествие вокруг его комнаты": жанровое своеобразие романа И.А. Гончарова "Обломов"

Author(s): Lyubov' Aleksandrovna Sapchenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2018

The paper is the first attempt to reveal the genre specificity of I.A. Goncharov’s novel in the light of the parodic variety of sentimental travel (“A Journey Around My Room” by Xavier de Maistre). It has been noted that the plot of journey in the work by I.A. Goncharov, which is connected, as it would seem, only with the book of essays “Frigate Pallas”, is actually present in all three novels of the writer, showing itself as a theme or a motive and as a symbolic image or an ideal form of human activity. The author gives a number of examples proving that the novel “Oblomov” can be defined as “anti-travel”: as a book about a man who “did not go”: did not travel through Europe, did not go to the springs, did not visit Oblomovka, did not keep his promise to come to Paris… The comparative-historical method of analysis (historical-typological and “contact”) have been used during the research. As a result, the following conclusions have been drawn: 1) the artistic entity of the novel contains the genre signs of “anti-travel”; 2) this genre component represents the actualization of the sentimentalist tradition in a parody aspect and in part - the transformation of Xavier de Maistre’s famous book “A Journey Around My Room”; 3) the commonality of the two works reveals itself at various levels: at the genre level, the central character and the plot and in the system of characters and in the figurative and symbolic system. The version of the title translation adopted by the researchers (“A Journey around My Room” as opposed to “A Journey through My Room”) does not enclose the character within the space of his home but brings him out into the limitless imagination. The most important of the results obtained is the following: the tradition of sentimental travel, with its reduction of the external space, minimization of movement and actualization of the inner world, with irony characteristic of the Sternian variety of sentimentalism, turns out to be kindred to Goncharov. The obtained results are important for understanding the genre specificity of the novel “Oblomov”, for recreating the historical and literary context, for determining the place of I.A. Goncharov’s work in the history and theory of the travel genre, and for preparing comments for the complete collection of works by I.A. Goncharov.

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Daniel Defoe’nun “Robinson Crusoe” ve Michel Tournier’nin “Cuma ya da Pasifik Arafı” Eserlerine Metinlerarası Bir Yaklaşım

Author(s): Mert Çanakcı,Engin Bölükmeşe / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 97/2019

The concept of intertextual relations that emerged in the 1960s is based on the fact that each text consists of a combination of other texts, and in this context all texts are connected to each other in some way. The French literary theorist Gérard Genette defined all kinds of relations between texts as transtextuality. One type of transtextuality is hypertextuality relationships which refer to any relationship uniting hypertext to its predecessor hypotext. One field on this kind of relationships seems to occurs is rewriting. Daniel Defoe’s “Robinson Crusoe” was written in the eighteenth century and is the literary text of Alexander Selkirk’s true story. Michel Tournier’s “Friday or the Other Island” was written in twenty centuries and is a modern rewrite of Defoe’s “Robinson Crusoe”. In this study, a research will be made aiming to determine the cause, the nature and extent of hypertextuality relationship between the “Robinson Crusoe” and “Friday or the Other Island”. At the end of the study, the traces of temporal, spatial, narrative, valuation transformations determined by Gérard Genette is clearly defined between the hypotext and the hypertext.

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INFLUENCES THÉMATIQUES ET INTERTEXTUALITÉ DANS LES RÉCITS DE FLAUBERT ET DE MAUPASSANT

Author(s): Liliana Anghel / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2018

This essay will show the influence of Flaubert’s writings and aesthetical conception on Maupassant’s short stories. For our demonstration, we chose the thematical level and the concept of intertextuality, which can be applied not only on stylistic or semantic microstructures, but also on a literary work as a whole. The examples of intertextuality are based on five fragments of Flaubert’s novels, compared to five fragments (thematically related) of Maupassant’s short stories.

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LES TROIS AVEUGLES DE COMPIEGNE DE CORTEBARBRE (XIII SIÈCLE) ET LES TROIS AVEUGLES DE COMPIÈGNE DE JEAN OTT (XX SIÈCLE) : UNE ANALYSE TRANSTEXTUELLE

Author(s): Anna Gęsicka / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2018

The subject of this paper is a transtextual analysis of two texts entitled Les trois aveugles de Compiègne: a 13th-century “fabliau” and its play adaptation by a lesser-known French author, Jean Ott (1878–1935). Applying Gérard Genette’s terminology (Palimpstestes, Seuils), the author examines different levels of transformations, focusing mainly on the semantic message of hypo- and hypertext.

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LES ANCIENS REVUS PAR PIERRE DE DEIMIER ET RENÉ RAPIN

Author(s): Maja Pawłowska / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2018

In their treaties, Deimier and Rapin welcome novelty and individualism. But, if Deimier sees this creative freedom as synonymous with inventiveness, Rapin attaches it, paradoxically, to the imitation of classical antiquity. This is indeed because he is dissatisfied with the output of French writers. In his view, French letters fail to match the greatness and the sublime quality of Latin and Greek literature, which he recommends should be studied and imitated. In imitating Homer and his art, irregular but captivating and full of charm, contemporary poets can hope to create singular and incomparable works of literature.

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Pomiędzy występkiem a cnotą: trudna droga człowieka światowego w powieści Jean-Pierre Camusa Palombe ou la femme honorable

Author(s): Maja Pawłowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

Published in 1625, Palombe, ou la femme honorable, is a novel by Jean-Pierre Camus showing the model of a mondain, or worldly, Christian. With the example of count Fulgent, an immoral rake, who undergoes a spiritual transformation, Camus demonstrates that even a libertine courtesan can become a good Christian. However, such coexistence is possible only for those who have achieved spiritual maturity and who can distinguish vice from virtue, consciously renouncing immorality. Camus represents the marriage of mondains not as a source of pleasure or opportunity for a libertine lifestyle, but rather as a contract demanding certain commitments and renouncements. On entering marriage, Fulgent is not initially morally prepared for the social position and responsibilities that he must assume. He only becomes a good husband and Christian once he accepts the commitments of his social position.

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Fortune et Providence dans trois nouvelles tragiques des Comptes du monde adventureux de A.D.S.D. (1555)

Author(s): Barbara Marczuk / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2018

The Fortune is a one of basic concepts functioning both in literature and in moral discourse of the Renaissance. The main difficulty that Christian writers are facing while dealing with this concept, is the definition of the Fortune’s prerogatives: it is responsible for unpredictable and changeable course of human life, yet it is also subject to the rational and just Divine Providence. The paper investigates this problem in three tales (10, 42, 57) from the collection Les comptes du monde adventureux signed by A.D.S.D. The author proves that, according to the moralist narrator, the protagonists who follow their own passions, are unconditionnally subject to whims of the hostile and cruel Fortune.

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Dic mihi si in Jerusalem eras: figura Mater dolorosa w Historii o bolesnej Męce Oliwiera Maillarda (XV w.)

Author(s): Katarzyna Dybeł / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

The article analyses the functioning of the figure of Mater Dolorosa in Istoire de la Passion douloureuse, the work belonging to the literary genre of passions en prose, written by Olivier Maillard (ca. 1430–1502), a French Observant and reformer of the Franciscan order. The figure of Mater Dolorosa, present across the entire space of the work as a defining factor of the Marian motif inscribed into the action, becomes a means of conveying the specific poetic of suffering and death which operates by referring to the triple category of word, silence and look. By presenting the Virgin Mary as a co-sufferer in Jesus’ Passion and a participant in Christ’s Redemptive Mission, it furthermore defines the theological perspective of Maillard’s work.

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Mogutinowski portret Jeana Geneta: ingres kontrolowany

Author(s): Grzegorz Ojcewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: X/2005

In the present article I concentrate on reception of Jean Genet’s literary output in Russia and in the West from the viewpoint of the Russian emigrant writer Jaroslav Mogutin (1974). The essayist quotes scandalizing facts from Genet’s biography in an effort to illustrate the impact of culture on formation of new reader’s sensitivity, writes about Genet’s plays directed by Roman Viktiuk and about the theatre of paradox, raises a point of sexual attractiveness of fascism, and explores reasons for unfading popularity of the French writer. Readers are introduced to critics’ opinions of Genet and the role performed by Genet’s monograph by Edmund White. Mogutin’s conception is sharpened by references to the biographies of world-famous writers, such as Franz Kafka or Thomas Mann.

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AURÉLIA LASSAQUE (1983)

Author(s): Aurélia Lassaque / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 55-56/2017

Aurélia Lassaque (b. 1983) is bilingual poet in French and Occitan. Interested in the interaction between various forms of art, she often cooperates with visual artists, directors, dancers and particularly musicians. She has performed all over the world, e.g. in Europe, Latin America, North Africa, Scandinavian countries, Indonesia and India. She is an active advocate of linguistic diversity, acts as literary advisor for the “Paroles Indigo” festival in Arles and the “Premio Ostana Scritture in Lingua Madre” (Italy). Aurélia Lassaque’s poetry collection Pour que chantent les salamandres (Editions Bruno Doucey, 2013) has been published in Hebrew, Dutch, Norwegian and English.

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