Poradnik dla osób, wybierających książki dla dzieci i młodzieży. O pewnych aspektach pedagogicznej działalności Jana Karłowicza

Author(s): Anna Gomóła,Małgorzata Rygielska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

Artykuł prezentuje okoliczności powstawania oraz treść i kompozycję wydanego w 1881 r. w Wilnie Poradnika dla osób, wybierających książki dla dzieci i młodzieży Jana Karłowicza. Książka, opublikowana przez oficynę „Wydawnictwa E. Orzeszkowéj i S-ki”, wchodziła w skład zaprojektowanej przez Elizę Orzeszkową serii kierowanej przede wszystkim do czytelników na Litwie. Przekonanie o konieczności zredagowania specjalnego poradnika lekturowego skłoniło pisarkę do kontaktu z (nieznanym jej osobiście) Karłowiczem, a wspólna praca nad tekstem zaowocowała przyjaźnią, o czym świadczy częściowo zachowana korespondencja (listy Orzeszkowej do Karłowicza). Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia między innymi poglądy Karłowicza na rolę dzieł literackich w procesie kształcenia, a kontekstem naszych rozważań są dziewiętnastowieczne koncepcje pedagogiczne. Autor Poradnika, zgodnie z wymogami ówczesnych bibliografii zalecających, wymienia lektury istotne w procesie wychowania i szeroko pojętej edukacji młodych Polaków końca XIXw. Za najważniejsze Karłowicz uważa dzieła (i im poświęca odpowiednio dużo miejsca) dotyczą- ce historii polskiej i powszechnej (w tym podręczniki, syntezy dziejów oraz dostosowane do możliwości poznawczych oraz wieku odbiorcy powieści historyczne); szczególną uwagę skupia także na nauczaniu języka polskiego. Co interesujące dla badaczy kultury – Karłowicz wskazuje jako cenne dydaktycznie wybrane prace etnograficzne. Znaczący kontekst dla przedstawionych w artykule faktów stanowią współczesne omawianym zdarzeniom, czasem skrajnie rozbieżne, 90 Laboratorium Kultury 4 (2015) opinie na temat Poradnika. Pytanie czy Karłowicz był pedagogiem, pozostaje bez odpowiedzi, choć uznanie, że jego działalność (nie tylko naukowa, ale i dydaktyczna) miała wpływ na wielu Polaków, nie budzi większych wątpliwości.

Examination of Listening Comprehension Strategies used by Iranian Upper-intermediate and Intermediate EFL Learners

Author(s): Reza Nemati MOGHADAM,Mohammad Ali KOWSAR / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

The main purpose of this study was to find out the listening strategies used byupper-intermediate and intermediate Iranian FFL learners and to compare the listening strategies of both groups of participants in this study. A total number of 30 Persian EFL learners were administered a listening comprehension test and a listening strategy use questionnaire. The test consisted of two class lectures, each of them followed by comprehension questions comprised of multiple choice and essay questions. After the test, participants were also asked to complete a questionnaire that included 20 items asking about the use of cognitive, metacognitive, andsocio-affective strategies. The listening test and listening strategy use questionnaire data was run through multiple statistical tests, including factor analysis, multiple regression, and t-tests, to identify the strategies the research participants had used and explain the relationship between listening strategy use and listening comprehension. The results indicated that both upper-intermediate and intermediate listeners used metacognitive, cognitive, and socio-affective strategies. However, there was some variation in terms of the use of cognitive and metacognitive socio-affective strategies. As far as cognitive strategies were concerned, the results revealed that the upper-intermediate listeners employed more top-down strategies than the intermediate listeners, whereas there were no significant differences in the use of metacognitive strategies. The results also indicated that cognitive strategies are the most powerful predictor of listening comprehension, followed by socio-affective strategies, whereas metacognitive strategies were the predictor that accounted the least for listening comprehension

Kody alchemiczne w rosyjskim przekładzie "Devotions upon Emergent Occasions" Johna Donne’a

Author(s): Piotr Plichta / Language(s): Polish Issue: 148/2014

John Donne’s Devotions upon Emergent Occasions is a very difficult work to translate because it is abundant in alchemical terms and imagery the contemporary reader may hardly understand as alchemy is long a dead language code. Unfortunately, that imagery often refers to a specific theological background and it should be elucidated either by means of clever translation or by virtue of footnotes or commentary. Otherwise, grasping the proper meaning of the entire Donne’s work may be impossible. Russian translation of Donne’s Devotions by Anton Nesterov is perhaps the best existing attempt to render the original text with all its intricacy into language other than English. However, there are some treacherous and fascinating passages in Devotions upon Emergent Occasions Niestierow mistranslated because he did not fully understand the alchemical background they refer to.

Uwagi o maskulinizmie „Mężczyzn” Wiktora Jerofiejewa

Author(s): Adrian Mrówka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 125/2009

The Men by Victor Erofeev is an important voice for men’s studies. The writer originally describes social situation of a modern man. He analyzes it very precisely. In his essays he’s sometimes amusing, sometimes serious. He shows examples of men, which in world’s opinion are too weak, too sensitive, too kind. Presenting complexity of man’s soul, he focuses on emotions of men, their fears and dreams. He also denies stereotypes. Erofeev divides males into men and unyoung boys, complimenting these first and criticizing others.

ЕГИПЕТСКАЯ ТЕМА В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ А. П. ЧЕХОВА

Author(s): Elena Suzryukova / Language(s): English,Russian Issue: 2/2017

The present article deals with the biblical themes of the escape to Egypt and the exodus from Egypt as depicted in the narrative and the epistolary fiction of the writer. In the letters of A. P. Chekhov Egypt is associated with favorable living conditions for those who suffer from lung diseases. Besides, the author was taken with the idea of visiting this country, but his dream did not come true. In the early Anton Chekhov’s short story “Holiday” [“Prazdnichnye”] the motif of the escape to Egypt is put in a humorous context. The same motif along with the motif of the Exodus from Egypt was used by the author in the story “Men” [“Muzhiki”]. Both in the letters and in the stories and novels of the writer, the motif of the escape to Egypt keeps the Christian semantics of Salvation. In the short story “Misery” [“Toska”] Egypt is implicitly present — it is linked with the epigraph to the text, the basis for which is a spiritual verse “Weeping of Joseph, when his brothers sold him in Egypt”. The motif of being in Egyptian slavery — another aspect of the theme in question — translates into a number of works and letters of A. P. Chekhov. This motif is associated with the meanings of freedom and grief. The article reveals and analyses the antinomic images of St. Mary of Egypt and Cleopatra of Egypt. Besides, it explores semantic realization of the set expression “plague of Egypt”.

Praktyki kontrfaktualne w narracjach naukowych i fikcjonalnych

Author(s): Małgorzata Sugiera / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

This article deals with counter-factual practices in history and the historical novel (whose production has increased in the last few years, and which presents alternative versions of the past), as well as in areas where the humanities and the natural or exact sciences intersect with works of literary fiction that incorporate elements of science fiction. Based on a selection of mockumentary works by respected academics from various disciplines, Sugiera demonstrates the essential function that these practices have in undermining the objectivity of academic discourses and in highlighting the fact that knowledge is situated.

Eşti COOL şi dacă vorbeşti corect

Author(s): Gina Aurora Necula / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2010

Începând din anul 2007, ACADEMIA ROMÂNĂ prin INSTITUTUL DE LINGVISTICĂ „IORGU IORDAN – AL. ROSETTI” s-a alăturat Consiliului Naţional al Audiovizualului în acţiunea de monitorizare a posturilor de radio şi televiziune privind calitatea limbii folosite în diverse emisiuni. Această colaborare a dus la alcătuirea Raportului de consultanţă care se face public anual şi care, în anul 2010, a stat la baza editării unei cărţi destinate elevilor, în principal. Din echipa de cercetători care a interpetat datele monitorizării fac parte: Blanca Croitor, Andreea Dinică, Adina Dragomirescu, AnaMaria Mihail, Carmen Mîrzea Vasile, Isabela Nedelcu, Alexandru Nicolae, Irina Nicula, coordonator Rodica Zafiu, iar monitorizarea a vizat 12 posturi de televiziune (TVR 1, Antena 1, Pro TV, Realitatea TV, Prima TV, TVR 2, TVR Cultural, Kanal D, Antena 3, B1 TV, OTV şi N24 Plus) şi două posturi de radio (Radio România Actualităţi şi Europa FM), alese în funcţie de: audienţă, acoperire naţională, pondere a emisiunilor informative şi de dezbatere, asumarea unui rol cultural şi educativ.

Revolta ocultată sau despre revirimentul poetic al amintirii – Norman Manea, Vorbind pietrei

Author(s): Marian Antofi / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2015

The poem entitled Vorbind pietrei / Talking to a stone turns into an original lyrical version mirroring Norman Manea's spiritual - scriptural - biographic quest, in fact a text talking about life and death, about human condition and the power of writing to transgress time. Contextually related to the funeral stone with which the outcast lyrically and metaphorically talks - actually to eternal pain - the book (the Holy one and those following It) esthetically redefines death and human degradation beyond any limits - acting as an exorcist mechanism at the same time.

Nature at Its Limits (Ecocide). Subjectivity After the Catastrophe

Author(s): Aleksandra Ubertowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The author traces the analogy and intersections between holocaust and genocide studies and the ecocriticism, between the event of the genocide and ecocide (the devastation of the natural environment). Based on the discussion of books and articles by G. Agamben, J. Derrida, B. Latour the author offers a thesis on the shaping of a new concept of nonanthropocentric subjectivity, “empathic subject” or a subject existing in the pluriversum. The second part of the article is devoted to the analysis of literary (E. Kuryluk, W.G. Sebald) and visual (J. Morgenstern’s “Ambulans”) representations, pointing to the role of non-human factors in the post-catastrophic landscape.

Posthumanism and Its Animal Voices in Literature

Author(s): Anna Barcz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

In the article posthumanism is not only presented but also seen from the perspective of literary studies and human-animal relationship. The author follows Cary Wolfe.s What is posthumanism? and analyses what consequences this criticism on human subjectivity would have when applied to animal narratives and animal characters mainly in Kafka, Bulgakov and Rilke. These writers use anthropomorphism to represent nonhuman animals but, simultaneously, they seem to decentralise human experience. Since changing perspective and giving voice to other animals is well recognised in literature, the article sheds light on what is the relation with posthumanist narrative.

Benedikt z Canfieldu, Rugula perfectionis III, predhovor; I; X-XI

Author(s): / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2017

Slovak translation from Latin original edition with footnotes: „Regulae Perfectionis. Tertia pars. De voluntate essentiali, quae circa vitam supereminentem versatur“, I. cap. „Quaod voluntas Dei Essentialis a Deo nihil differat, eiusdemque cum voluntate interiore discrepantia“, X. cap. „De impedimentis huiusce annihilationis : deque subtilissimis, occultissimisque imperfectionibus contemplationis“ and XI. cap „De duplici genere annihilationis utriusque discrepantia qualiterque ad duplicem amorem faciat“ from book of Benedict of Canfield titled as „Regula perfectionis“ (Norimberg 1741, pp. 270 – 298, 364 – 392).

Pomiędzy oralnością a piśmiennością: tzw. „Carmen Mauri” (XII–XVI stulecie).

Author(s): Witold Wojtowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

ЕВАНГЕЛЬСКОЕ СЛОВО В ПРОПОВЕДЯХ ФЕОФАНА ПРОКОПОВИЧА

Author(s): Daria B. Tereshkina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2018

The article offers an analysis of the use of the Gospel text in the sermons of Theophan Prokopovich. It became evident that Theophan Prokopovich made much less references to the New Testament in his published works than to the Old Testament, which may result from his greater adherence to the Law than to Grace. The Gospel word by Prokopovich becomes a source of abundant and multidimensional allusions, often distantly related to its original meaning. In his sermons, Prokopovich seemed a skilled orator and cunning politician rather than a theologian. Prokopovich used the Gospel word to glorify the authorities and to justify their deeds manifesting, thus, a true talent of philologist skilful in the art of eloquence.

Поезия на подострените моливи

Author(s): Yana Yakimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02/2017

My City, My ‘Hood, My Street: Ghetto Spaces in American Hip-Hop Music

Author(s): Lidia Kniaź / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

As a subculture created by black and Latino men and women in the late 1970s in the United States, hip-hop from the very beginning was closely related to urban environment. Undoubtedly, space has various functions in hip-hop music, among which its potential to express the group identity seems to be of the utmost importance. The goal of this paper is to examine selected rap lyrics which are rooted in the urban landscape: “N.Y. State of Mind” by Nas, “H.O.O.D” by Masta Ace, and “Street Struck,” in order to elaborate on the significance of space in hip-hop music. Interestingly, spaces such as the city as a whole, a neighborhood, and a particular street or even block which are referred to in the rap lyrics mentioned above express one and the same broader category of urban environment, thus, words connected to urban spaces are often employed interchangeably.

Prilog razgovoru o našem kršćanstvu danas i sutra (IV.)

Author(s): Vjeko Božo Jarak,Antun Gustav Matoš / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1+2/2017

Ponovno smo na tragovima franjevaca u Bosni. Svoje traganje ovoga puta počinjemo pojavom Turaka i njihovim osvajanjem Bosne 1463. godine, ali ćemo se posebice zadržati kod franjevaca u Fojnici.

Petko Todorov’s Plays and the Poetics of European Symbolism

Author(s): Dina Mantcheva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper examines Petko Todorov’s five symbolist plays (Masons, Strahil the Redoubtable Haidout, The Fairy, Bride Boryana, and Dragon’s Wedding) from the perspective of European symbolist drama to emphasize their common aesthetic principles and their specific originality. The comparative analysis thus defined leads to the conclusion that Petko Todorov’s works follows the structural principles of Symbolist drama yet they have their own specifics. The unconventional structure of the dramatic action and dialogue; the wide use of music and painting in the staging of the plays as well as their new genre form make Todorov’s works akin to the francophone Symbolist model. On the other hand, the moral dimension and the pervading national atmosphere in the Bulgarian dramas betray their indebtedness to the Russian Symbolist drama. Finally, the de-valorisation of the fantastic characters and the playing down of Romantic and realistic elements in Petko Todorov’s dramas are totally unknown to the European Symbolist theatre. In this way, Petko Todorov’s dramas are a peculiar combination of Symbolist poetics and influences of the Bulgarian national context. They follow their own development and contribute hereby to the specific evolution of the Bulgarian modernist theatre.

МОЖЕ ЛИ БЪЛГАРСКАТА ЛИТЕРАТУРА ДА УСПЕЕ НА НЕМСКОЕЗИЧНИЯ ПАЗАР?

Author(s): Thomas Frahm / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Due to the existence of an endless number of prejudices among Bulgarian intellectuals coupled with the paranoia that Bulgaria and its writers are being intentionally neglected by the world at large, the author of this article reveals the most influential factors that contribute to literary success, or failure thereof, among German-speaking readers and literary critics. He concludes that contemporary Bulgarian writers are inclined to either follow the Anglo-American pattern of fiction writing, or focus on their domestic cultural tradition, thus paying no attention to the universal human qualities and patterns of behaviour that would enable readers all over the world to indetify with their works. Toward its end, the paper points out a few specifics of Milena Kirova’s History of Bulgarian literature that have rendered the volume (in its German translation) valuable to the German-speaking audience.

The necessity of using humour in the teaching activity

Author(s): Marius Costel ESI / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2017

The importance given to the pragmatic and functional nature of humor in the educational system expresses the existence and assumption of specific teaching strategies of the school organization. The idea we want to analyze is to see to what extent the use of humor in didactic activity becomes relevant and, at the same time, to analyze the (direct/indirect) relationship between it and the social and educational reality. Thus, we are interested in capturing the main ideas that refer to such an approach to humor in relation to the idea of education and, implicitly, to the didactic activity.

Myth and Education: between Sisyphus and leadership

Author(s): Avdi Visoka / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2018

This paper aims to theorize the interplay of the mythic imaginary with education and ideology, focusing on the case of Kosovo. After the Second Wold War, a hundred Albanian-language primary schools were opened. 1970 saw the establishment of the University of Prishtina which has had a great impact not only on educational policy but also on the national political agency. This is how the educational policy came in contact with political myths. After Kosovo’s autonomy was abolished in 1991, the Albanian schools and university were closed by the police forces. Education soon took over the mission of the parallel state by being implied in national ideological agencies. This ideological implication continued even after 1999, when an international protectorate was established under UN auspices. Within this political milieu the process of reform has been sketched, a process which has presented reform mainly as a protection from the wrong way, by employing political myths to create tomorrow’s leaders.