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The wish of all citizens in Serbia is to join the European Union, or at least it should be. To become a full member of the EU, one has to fulfill a number of obligations which are demanded by this “community of states”. Of course, if one wishes to live better, to join other peoples in the surroundings and have an approximate living standard as they do, one must accept certain rules and principles which they share. From 1999 to the changes of 2000, Serbia was in a political, economic, financial and cultural chaos, which was caused by a backward, conservative and dangerous policy of Slobodan Milošević and his men. There are certain demands which Serbia and Montenegro must fulfill if the country wants to enter the European Union.
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Za niz društvenih problema idealno ishodište svih mogućih rješenja neminovno vodi ka izmjenama načina na koje i sadržaja kroz koje mlade osobe stiču znanja i vještine. Izmjena obrazovnih sadržaja, programa i procesa radi stvaranja preduslova za proučavanje, istraživanje, razumijevanje i, na kraju, učenje o političkim, ali i raznim društvenim procesima, samo su neke od intervencija koje vode ka budućnosti u kojoj će bosanskohercegovačko društvo biti zrelo da se nosi sa svim izazovima. Istovremeno, ove intervencije ciljaju ne na posljedicu, već na uzrok. U konstelaciji svih mogućih problema koji čekaju rješenje, ljudska prava žena i rodna ravnopravnost za nas i dalje nose emancipatorni potencijal koji ih pozicionira skoro na vrh piramide promjena koje su nam potrebne. [...]
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Društvene uloge medija su mnogostruke i mediji su važan dio našeg života, bez obzira na to da li smo pasionirani medijski konzumenti ili medijske sadržaje pratimo usputno. Kao osnovne uloge medija u društvu izdvajamo: obrazovnu, informativnu i zabavljačku. Medijske uloge se, svakako, mogu dodatno proširiti, što su učinili i brojni vodeći autori iz oblasti komunikologije (Rus-Mol, Zagorac-Keršer, Vreg, itd.) i svaka od tih funkcija se može detaljno interpretirati i analizirati.
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The communication presents a training technology, which allows the transformation of the teacher-student relationship from a vertical one into a horizontal one, defined as – the technology of the developmental dialogue. The advantages of using this technology in continuous training are discussed.
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Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der Beseitigung von Störungen der Aussprache bei Kindern. Von der Autorin wurde die Methodik der Korrekturentwicklungsarbeit zur Beseitigung von Störungen der Aussprache von Sibilanten abgefasst, die auf einem System von Trainingsübungen basiert.
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This article deals with the problem of the role of the school psychologist in the psychological counseling process of children with special educational needs. In the context of inclusive education, the services of the psychological counseling office focus on supporting the process of developing the student's personality as well as providing the psychological support to his family.
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The migration phenomenon has remained an important part of human life throughout history. The migration was required to find food and survive during the initiation of human communities on the earth. Constant migration was the normality (Dustmann & Glitz, 2011). As a normal element of the communal living, the migration remains a permanent concept, although it has undergone a transformation in terms of its reasons or form. The migration phenomenon has been causing fundamental changes on social structures with the impact of current political or technological advancements as well. As found out by Heckmann (2008) within the context of Europe, the migration will be an important figure in the future, just like it was in the past. Migration has become a crucial issue, one that is likely to dominate political agendas for many years to come (King & Lulle, 2016; Rystad, 1992). The people have been interested in changes that occurred in the distribution of human population for many years, but it has been covered by systematic analyses relatively for a shorter period of time. Despite being a common and significant element of the history of humanity, migration was covered by scientific researches firstly during the late 19th century. As a result, there has been a substantial increase in the number of social scientific researches analyzing the migration phenomenon until 1930s (Anderson, 1962; Greenwood & Hunt, 2003). Anderson (1962) stresses that the quantitative increase in the number of studies on migration from 1930s until 1960s refers to the fact that the migration phenomenon will remain a popular field of study. Such an increase in the scientific studies regarding migration which has been continuing until now shows the legitimacy of these findings.
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The aim of this paper is to present assessment criteria for the functioning of the educational system and its bonds with the social policy; transformations in the system of education in Poland after 1990; implementation of the reform in Poland; social policy and implementation of major functions of education; and conclusions regarding the interdependence between social policy and education.
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Unaccompanied minors or separated children (UMs) are children under the age of 18 who are outside their country of origin and came to Sweden unaccompanied by a parent or other legal guardian. Such migration has increased around the world and it is the most fragile type of migration across countries. This population is considered ‘vulnerable’ due to their young age during the fleeing process combined with the fact that they are unaccompanied by their parents or legal guardians (Derluyn and Broekaert, 2008; Derluyn and Vervliet, 2012; Rodriguez, et al., 2018). These children face heightened vulnerability to exploitation, and violations of their rights by virtue of their age and status. The global movement of unaccompanied and separated children presents challenges for children’s rights and well-being. Research on unaccompanied minors has often focused on vulnerabilities of this group (Derluyn et al., 2008). However, recent studies have increasingly stressed the strength, resilience, and agency of unaccompanied minors (UMs), despite the traumatic experiences and challenges (see e.g. Luster et al., 2010).
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In 2015, 379,766 Eritreans worldwide sought asylum in another country or were on the road (2015, UNHCR). In the last few years there has been a growing number of unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) from Eritrea. Of the 33,380 Eritreans that applied for asylum in Europe in 2016 (IND, 2017), 2870 applied for asylum in the Netherlands, of whom 773 Eritrean URMs (CBS, 2016).
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The conflict in Syria began in March 2011, after that 15 young boys were kidnapped and tortured in the town of Daraa in the South of the country. The group of young boys were captured because they supported with graffiti the Arab revolutions. One of the boys, Hamza al-Khateeb, died due to his injuries in the age of 13 years in the Syrian village of Daraa (Tomass, 2016). The social unrests in Syria took first the shape of peaceful protests – as in Tunisia and Egypt - the discontent of the Syrian people was related to limited freedoms of opinion, raising unemployment rates and limited professional opportunities especially for the younger generation (Mostafiz, 2014).
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The 2011 Arab uprisings which has engulfed most of the Arab countries in the Middle East and North Africa had produced dramatic results for the Syrian people. The Syrian uprisings have just entered its eighth year and many Syrian refugees remain in exile as their country continues to face a proxy war. The total number of registered refugees by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNCHR) is 5,657,439 (UNCHR, 2019a). The Syrian crisis is mostly characterized as a protracted conflict among the regional as well as global actors having divergent interests pertaining the future of the country, i.e. with Syria under Bashar Assad rule or without Syria. More than 13,5 million people require humanitarian assistance (AUB, 2018) and about 6 million Syrian refugees worldwide are hosted in Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq and Egypt. Another 6 million are also internally displaced in Syria. The overwhelming majority of Syrian refugees fled to neighbouring states, primarily to Turkey (3,630,767) (UNCHR, 2019b), Lebanon (944,613c), and Jordan (660,393d).
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Yeni ulaşım ve iletişim teknolojilerinin küresel ölçekte insanların hareketliliğini artırdığı günümüz dünyasında söz konusu hareketliliğin toplumsal, ekonomik ve siyasi sonuçları tüm kesimler için dönüştürücü etkilere sahiptir. Göçler, zorunlu yerinden edilmeler, sığınmacı akınları, mültecilik dünyadaki hemen hemen bütün toplumlar için en önemli gündem maddeleri haline gelmiştir. Küresel hareketliliğin giderek daha da belirginleştirdiği farklılıkların bir arada bulunma zorunluluğu ve artan toplumsal çeşitlilik kamu hizmetleri açısından çeşitli zorluklar ve fırsatlar yaratmaktadır. Bu koşullar, bir yandan ülkelerin eğitim sistemlerini hareketlilik ve çeşitliliğe cevap verebilecek biçimde dönüştürmek için yeni fırsatlar ortaya çıkarırken öte yandan yerinden edilmişlerin, mültecilerin ya da sığınmacıların eğitim gereksinimlerinin en uygun biçimde karşılanabilmesi için pratik çözümler üretilmesini zorunlu hale getirmektedir.
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Göç; bireylerin ekonomik arzularla karar verdiği bir hareketlilik eylemi olmaktan oldukça farklı yönleri olan bir toplumsal olgudur. Bu yönüyle, günümüzde, kaynakların kıtlığı, demokrasinin yeterince konsolide olmaması, etnik, dinsel, politik vb nedenlerle ortaya çıkan savaşlar ve istilalar nedeniyle, bireylerin hiç arzu etmedikleri şekilde bir hareketliğe zorlandıkları durumlar azımsanamayacak kadar kitlesel bir görünüm arz etmektedir. Göçü, sadece daha iyi bir yaşam şansı arayışındaki kişinin başka bir yere göçmeye karar vermesi, doğduğu yerle köklerini koparması ve yeni yerde çabucak asimile olması gibi basit bir eylem olarak düşünmek oldukça güçtür. Göç, toplumsal değişimin neden olduğu kolektif bir eylemdir ve hem göç alan hem de veren yerdeki bütün bir toplumu etkiler (Castles ve Miller, 2008). Nicos Papastergiadis’in (2000) “türbülans”a benzettiği uluslararası göçün fiili olarak yarattığı çokkültürlülük ve melezleşme, beraberinde toplumlardaki farklı toplulukların nasıl yönetileceği meselesini gündeme getirmiştir. Bu anlamda, göç sahip olduğu sayısız çeşitliliğiyle, modern yaşamın her noktasını etkilemekte ve dönüştürmektedir.
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İnsanlık tarihi kadar uzun geçmişe sahip olan göç, dünün ve bugünün olduğu gibi geleceğin de bir olgusudur. Göçü; iş-aş arayışı, eğitim, ticaret vb. etkenler tetiklediği gibi, savaş ve iç karışıklıklar da etkilemektedir. Her ne sebeple olursa olsun göçten en çok etkilenenler arasında ilk sırayı çocuklar almaktadır. Savaş sebebiyle meydana gelen zorunlu göçlere bakıldığında, maalesef pek çok çocuğun bu sıkıntılı duruma yenik düştüğü görülmektedir (Doğan - Karakuyu, 2016, s. 303).
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The paper focuses on self-employed of Turkish origin in the province of Salzburg/Austria. The research questions concern educational processes on the way to self-employment and changes of living conditions of the self-employed. Educational processes here are understood as transformations of self-relations and of the relationship to the world. They are influenced by turning points or crises in ones live. The results show that the reasons for getting self-employed very often correspond to structural disadvantages of persons of Turkish origin in Salzburg, for example unemployment, economic uncertainty or dequalification. They are accompanied by intrinsic motivation and by support of role models or family. Discrimination as a motif for quitting a former employment is not mentioned very often. But experiences of discrimination in other spheres of live are an important issue. At the same time, new forms of discrimination arise due to self-employment itself. Two kinds of status coexist for the entrepreneurs interviewed here. (1.) Status as increasing prestige. It rises gradually through social upward mobility. (2.) They perceive their membership to a status group of entrepreneurs. Yet, the majority of autochthonous categorically denies them this membership: The self-employed are not recognized as business people of a higher social position. Finally, they therefore develop a higher degree of sensitivity against stigmatization and discrimination.
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