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Duhovna genealogija Attara iz Nišabura

Author(s): Mubina Moker / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 74-75/2017

This article deals with the personality of one of the greatest Persian Gnostics and poets of the second half of 12/6 H. and beginning of 13/7 H., Attar Nisaburi, whose life is largely unknown. The emphasis is on Attar’s spiritual habitus. Based on Attar’s works in the first place, but also considering Jalaluddin Rumi’s relationship to him, it aims to offer an answer to the question of who was Attar’s spiritual guide. Was it one of the sheikhs of Attar’s time? Or was he raised in ”uveisi upbringing” through experience of the spiritual closeness to Abu Saeed Abul-Hajr or Mensur Hallaj? This article also considers the “phenomenon of the fake Attars”, which contributed significantly to shaping of the wrong picture of Attar and, therefore, in this context, to the position and role Attar has had in the history of Sufism of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Suma Prieš Pagonis Trečioji Knyga. Apvaizda. 55–60 Skyriai

Author(s): Thomas Aquinas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 70/2012

Summa Contra Gentiles. Book III. Providence. Chapters 55–60

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Teološka misao Muhameda Mašića

Author(s): Ahmed Kico / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 8/1999

Mada su filozofska i teološka misao kod Muhameda Mašića, praktično, neodvojive, treba reći da mu je njegova filozofska zrelost, koja je nastala između dva svjetska rata, omogućila da se pred kraj života bavi i kosmogonijskim promišljanjima i islamskom eshatologijom u okviru teologije. Naime, on u svom tekstu “Allah je energija koja obuhvata kosmos”, kojeg je napisao 1976. godine, dakle dvije godine prije svoje smrti, istice da je “Allah energija koja obujima kosmos i zaprema prpstor i vrijeme u beskonačnost u svakom pravcu, a kosmos, ma koliko se ustanovilo da je velik, materijalizovani je, a neuporedivi djelić te energije”.

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Iz stvaralačke riznice Muhameda Seida Mašića

Author(s): Muhamed Seid Mašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/1998

Fragments from an unpublished essay, a book and a few poems by Muhamed Mašić

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Pisanja Muhameda Mašića

Author(s): Muhamed Seid Mašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 4/1997

Fragment of unpublished writings by Muhamed Mašić

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Filozofska i teološka misao bošnjačkog učenjaka Muhameda Mašića

Author(s): Ahmed Kico / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/1999

Jedan od istinskih bošnjačkih filozofa i islamskih teologa koji je najplodnije djelovao, kako u periodu između dva svjetska tako i nakon Drugog svjetskog rata, svakako je Muhamed Mašić. On pripada najužem krugu bošnjačkomuslimanskih intelektualaca 20. stoljeća. Pored toga što je bio filozof i teolog, Mašić je bio i izvanredan poznavalac orijentalnih jezika, primarno arapskog, te prevodilac, pjesnik, publicista i hronopisac. Zbog toga se može reći da je pripadao plejadi bošnjačko- muslimanskih intelektualaca 20. stoljeća koji su smatrani i nazivani “enciklopedistima”.

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Kultura Europejska w Stanie Kryzysu: Diagnoza Josepha Ratzingera

Author(s): Krystyna Rojek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

European culture, according to Joseph Ratzinger, is seriously undermined by a modernist (rationalistic) and postmodernist (irrationalistic) way of thinking which deeply penetrates it. Europe undergoes a state of crisis which can be compared to the last, declining phase of the Roman Empire’s existence. Ratzinger does not lose hope, however, and points out a way out, and that is a return to the roots of the European culture, to the realistic philosophy that pursues the truth about God and the human person. This requires an “extension of the reason” which would recognize that, as reasonably constructed, it must have its rational cause—God.

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Asimetrija lica

Author(s): Emmanuel Levinas,France Guwy / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 22/2017

France Guwy's interview of Emmanuel Levinas

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Budistički agnosticizam

Author(s): Nebojša Vasić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2017

Buddhistic agnosticism in its original teaching denies the relevance of the existence of universal truths which are insignificant to the fundamental – eschatological goal; release from suffering. The eightfold buddhistic path is not related to transcendence, while the Buddhist “noble silence” reveals itself in the sense of renouncing the need to find the ultimate refuge in the transcendence, ultimately in the meaning of existence or the salvation of suffering. Buddhistic apathetic agnosticism is not seen in the idea of otherworldliness as an essential basis for its learning and the acceptance of the fourfold noble truths. Postmodernism in its attempt to abolish the universalities forgets that it is possible only with universality to abolish universalities – which is an immanent paradoxical position.

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Kant’s Model for Building the True Church: Transcending “Might Makes Right” and “Should Makes Good” through the Idea of a Non-Coercive Theocracy

Author(s): Steve Palmquist / Language(s): English Issue: 54/2017

Kant’s Religion postulates the idea of an ethical community as a necessary requirement for humanity to become good. Few interpreters acknowledge Kant’s claims that realizing this idea requires building a “church” characterized by unity, integrity, freedom, and unchangeability, and that this new form of community is a non-coercive version of theocracy. Traditional (e.g., Jewish) theocracy replaces the political state of nature (“might makes right”) with an ethical state of nature (“should makes good”); non-coercive theocracy transcends this distinction, uniting humanity in a common vision of a divine legislator whose legislation is inward: the law of love binds church members together like families.

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A Variety of Moral Sources in a Secular Age

Author(s): Damian Barnat / Language(s): English Issue: 54/2017

The aim of my paper is to assess in a critical way the views presented by Graeme Smith in his book A Short History of Secularism (2008) as well as in his paper Talking to Ourselves: An Investigation into the Christian Ethics Inherent in Secularism (2017). According to Smith, secular Western societies are underpinned by Christian ethics. An example of a moral norm that – in Smith’s opinion – derives from medieval Christianity and shapes the moral condition of the members of contemporary societies, is the concern about the poor. My criticism of Smith’s thesis is based on the distinction between moral norms and the ways of justifying them. Referring to this distinction, my objective is to show that certain norms which appear to be the same cannot be treated as identical due to the significant differences in their justification.

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Matematyka w teologii, teologia w matematyce

Author(s): Stanisław Krajewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 60/2016

Mathematicians use theological metaphors when they talk in the kitchen of mathematics. How essential is this talk? Have theological considerations and religious concepts influenced mathematics? Can mathematical models illuminate theology? Some authors have given positive answers to these questions, but they do not seem final. It is unclear how religious views influenced the work of those mathematicians who were also theologians. Religious background of some mathematical concepts could have been inessential. Mathematical models in theology have no predictive value. It is, however, important to continue the recently initiated search for the mutual influences of mathematics and theology. (In addition to the references listed at the end of this paper, one can also consult the volume “Theology in Mathematics?” ed. by Stanisław Krajewski and Kazimierz Trzęsicki, Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 44 (57), 2016.)

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Neotomistyczna recepcja teorii ewolucji w polsce w latach 1900–1939 w kontekście relacji nauka-wiara

Author(s): Paweł Polak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 43/2008

Encyclical 'Aeterni Patris' of Leo XIII (1879) caused significant development of neo-scholastic movement in Poland in the beginning of 20th century. This movement was strongly influenced by philosophers from Louvain (Leuven). The struggles between German monists and Jesuit Erich Wasmann in the years 1905-1907 inspired Polish neo-scholastics to take a stand in philosophical discussions about the theory of evolution. The aim of this paper is to show how Polish neo-scholastics resolved problems of relations between 'fides' and 'ratio' with respect to the theory of evolution. In this paper there are presented some ideas of such philosophers as Franciszek Gabryl (1866-1914), Kazimierz Wais(1865-1934), Feliks Hortynski SJ (1869-1927) and Konstanty Michalski (1879-1947). Their ideas show how philosophical, historical and sociological background of the theory of evolution's reception in Poland looked like. Encyclical 'Aeterni Patris' of Leo XIII (1879) caused significant development of neo-scholastic movement in Poland in the beginning of 20th century. This movement was strongly influenced by philosophers from Louvain (Leuven). The struggles between German monists and Jesuit Erich Wasmann in the years 1905-1907 inspired Polish neo-scholastics to take a stand in philosophical discussions about the theory of evolution. The aim of this paper is to show how Polish neo-scholastics resolved problems of relations between 'fides' and 'ratio' with respect to the theory of evolution. In this paper there are presented some ideas of such philosophers as Franciszek Gabryl (1866-1914), Kazimierz Wais(1865-1934), Feliks Hortynski SJ (1869-1927) and Konstanty Michalski (1879-1947). Their ideas show how philosophical, historical and sociological background of the theory of evolution's reception in Poland looked like.

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Аналіз теософії з точки зору філософської та релігійної свідомості

Author(s): Sergey Vladimirovich Krasavin / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2011

In the article it is analysed three-volume edition of A. I. Klizovskyi "Weltanschauung essentials of new epoch" which is also built on the grounds of theosophy theory and unveiled, complemented the theosophy doctrine. In the article there is being done an endeavour to analyse theosophy with relation to philosophic and religious consciousness.

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Wang Anshi’s “Treatise on Great Men”

Author(s): Thomas Jülch / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

With his “Treatise on Great Men” Wang Anshi wrote a short yet sharp rejoinder contradicting a daring assumption formulated in previous Buddhist apologetic thought. Basing themselves on a famous passage in Liezi, chapter 4, Buddhist apologists claimed that the Confucian sages would not be real sages, while the only real sage would be the Buddha. Being an early representative of Neo-Confucianism, Wang Anshi in his treatise attacks this Buddhist apologetic position. In his counter-argumentation, he develops a system ascribing three different qualities to every sage. These are the qualities of ‘greatness’, ‘sageliness’, and ‘numinosity’. Wang Anshi implies that the Buddha mainly excels in numinosity, while Confucian sages mainly excel in greatness and sageliness. Since numinosity is regarded as the highest quality, he also stresses that the three qualities are all interconnected, so that also the Confucian sages are connected to numinosity. However, Wang Anshi’s main argument is that numinosity, though being the highest of the three qualities, does not benefit the common people. In order to benefit them, he says, one rather has to engage in practical action being represented by the qualities of greatness and sageliness. In the present paper I present both an analysis and a translation of Wang Anshi’s treatise.

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Apriórna nie-logická nutnosť Božieho jestvovania

Author(s): Ľuboš Rojka / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2011

There are several a priori principles implied in the traditional theistic arguments for the existence of God, such as the principle of causality or the principle of the impossibility of the infinite regress. In addition, for the a posteriori arguments, in order to succeed, some a priori knowledge of God is necessary. A priori knowledge can be conceptual (analytic) or metaphysical (synthetic). One of the a priori metaphysical constituents of the concept of God is the necessity of the existence of God. Moreland and Craig explain what the metaphysical necessity means and Rasmussen illustrates the way from the contingent reality to the necessary being. A deeper analysis proves their position to be reasonable and provides good answers to the raised objections. One of the goals of the article is to clarify the a priori and a posteriori components of our knowledge of God, and this clarification shows that metaphysical necessity is not identical with the logical necessity. Only the former one should be ascribed to God.

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Náboženská skúsenosť vo filozofickom pohľade Johannesa Baptista Lotza SJ

Author(s): Mária Spišiaková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2011

J. B. Lotz as a representative of transcendental thomism concentrates on the whole human experience, which allows a man through its transcendental element to reach the last ground of human person and his knowledge, the subsisting Being (Esse subsistens). His philosophy very naturally becomes philosophy of religion giving to the religion necessary metaphysical grounds. He considers religious experience to be the highest stage of the transcendental experience, which is the innermost nature of every human activity. In the lower stages of human experience one can recognize proper being, common being of all particulars, and the plenitude of being as such, while in the religious experience appears to him (4) the Being as an absolute Person.

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Náboženstvo a faktory religióznosti z hľadiska Whiteheadovej procesuálnej filozofie

Author(s): Rastislav Nemec / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2010

The aim of this article is Whitehead’s concept of religious experience, especially in his later works. According to his view, religion is a paralel instance to society formed by the cultural and moral background of society. Each member of society is confronted with religion, such as with moral dilemma, because it’s usual part of one’s life. But, in Whitehead’s concept are present many different characteristics of religion.

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Tomizmus Bernarda Lonergana SJ

Author(s): Ľuboš Rojka / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2010

B. Lonergan was a traditional and innovative theologian, similarly as it was St. Thomas Aquinas. Lonergan was inspired by St. Thomas and developed a deeper nalysis of the concept of intelligere in relation to Augustine’s veritas and Marechal’s understanding of the judgment. From his new insight into the principles of human knowing, several consequences for the thomism followed: Thomism for tomorrow has to move from logic to method; from Aristotelian science to modern science; from the metaphysics of the soul to the self- appropriation of the subject; from an apprehension of human nature to a historical understanding of human being, and from the first principles to transcendental method.

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Ціннісні орієнтації сучасної людини: сутність, трансформація

Author(s): Nataliya Mykolayivna Golovach / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2009

Valued human orientations in modern Ukrainian society are examined in this article. The attention is accented on that values which are priority in vital functions and characterized by place of religious values in the structure of valued orientations of personality.

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