On Free Will and Determinism

Author(s): Arnis Mazlovskis / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

When beliefs based on direct experience are replaced by a scientific outlook, some former views require revision, notwithstanding the fact that practical implications of this experience may be viable. Thus, the heliocentric planetary system being substituted for the geocentric one, the sophisticated constructs of epicycles and deferents became superfluous though sun’s perceptible course in the sky preserved its common meaning. In the long and penetrating discussion on free will and determinism, admonitions are continuously evoked that our moral and legal system would collapse if natural causality is extended to human volition. This opinion may be impugned even if the radical form of determinism is accepted. However, an according transformation of attitude to agents’ behavior, shift of accents and update of relevant terms and concepts are on the agenda.

Dievs un esamība Heidegera Cīrihes sarunā. Letoras un Cēringenes Semināros

Author(s): Raivis Bičevskis / Language(s): Latvian Issue: 2/2015

Martin Heidegger is a thinker the impulses of whose thought keep nourishing not only the philosophical but also scientific, literary and artistic reflection as from the twenties of the 20th century to the present day. This influence has not been contained within the limits of the German language milieu; it has spread far and wide in Europe and in the world, religious and denominational divisions notwithstanding. This last feature could be assumed to be the most surprising one in view of the fact that he is a thinker whose religious experience is not an indirect one. His Catholic extraction and his relations with the Roman Catholic faith is a much discussed theme of the Heideggerian scholarship. In a similar vein – Heidegger`s influence upon some of the well-known Protestant theologians (at least from the self-assessment of the scholars of the younger generation) has also been a topical issue. Such a wide-ranging theme as “Understanding of Christianity in the Works of M. Heidegger” (and such sub-topics as “Heidegger and Early Christianity”. “Heidegger and the Middle Ages”, “Heidegger and the Mystic Tradition”), as well as “Heidegger in the Context of the Dialogue of Religions”, “Heidegger and Spiritual Praxes in Europe and in the World”, or even such an extensive theme as “Heidegger and the Religious Experience” – all indicate that he has been considered to be a thinker with a profound understanding of the religious life. It has to be stressed that all these themes bespeak of a deep understanding of religious experience, but – to an even greater degree – they are charged with specific Heideggerian understanding of philosophy and thinking. The present article attempts to follow (1) the line of these deliberations leading on to the main theme, and (2) to delineate the interconnection between these two lines of thought.

Postać św. Franciszka z Asyżu i motywy jego religijności w wybranych utworach Aldy Merini

Author(s): Magdalena Gąsiorowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The purpose of this article is to present the reception of the roots of European culture in selected poems of Alda Merini (1931–2009) on the example of motifs of St. Francis’ religiosity, referred to by the poet. The author presents a variety of forms and functions the motifs perform in poems of the Italian artist. Speaking about Merini’s writing, we cannot forget about the autobiographical nature of her works and the interlacing of eroticism and mysticism

Religia na granicy mitu

Author(s): Sławomir Raube / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXVIII/2016

Cassirer thought that religion is one of the main fundamental rule of a human society and cultural order, mainly because it is able to guarantee moral laws being the main grounds of our civilization. But religion could not have been existed if it had not been preceded by mythical thinking. The myth is a real condition of religion. Religious interpretation is permeated by mythical metaphors, but the border between them is difficult to identify.

Demoniczność Boga jako założenie ekskluzywistycznego i inkluzywistycznego teizmu

Author(s): Zbigniew Kaźmierczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXVIII/2016

In this article I claim that there is a hidden assumption of the demonic character of God in the exclusivist and inclusivist theism. Exclusivism and inclusivism assume that God is partial and in fact does not care about most people in the world, choosing to reveal himself fully only in one part of the world. This kind of neglect for other people reflects the standard ethnocentrism and seems to be an expression of it. The only way to avoid the view that God is demonic is to accept the religious pluralism. The idea of religion would need to be changed: from the idea of religion as a place of revelation of God to the idea of religion as a place for searching for God. Accepting religious pluralism would lead, however, to the destruction of religions as we know them, since the core of their doctrines is based on the assumption of their superiority.

Thomasa Hobbesa koncepcja wyobraźni

Author(s): Krzysztof Wawrzonkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXIV/2012

The article deals with Thomas Hobbes’ conception of imagination. Hobbes was aware of Greek and Latin origins of the term. According to him, imagination is nothing but a decaying sense. While reconstructing the draft of Hobbes’ theory of imagination, the author of the article describes the activity of mind as motion caused by bodies, and states that imagination can overcome the bounds of senses and memory. On the one hand, imagination is limited to experience (in its reproductive function), but on the other, it can create new ideas, conceptions or trains of thoughts (in its productive function).

Bóg Jako „Ty Wieczne”. Dialogiczna Filozofia Boga Martina Bubera

Author(s): Karol Jasiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXIV/2012

The paper concerns Martin Buber’s idea of God as “eternal Thou”. This concept is typical of the dialogical phase of his philosophy. His inspiration came from religion (judaism and christianity). First of all, for Buber, God is a mystery. The main purpose of man was the entrance into the existential relationship with the revealing God, who was described as “eternal Thou”, “absolute Person” and “Ground of being”. A man can dialogue with Him through the different beings. Buber’s ideas are very close to panentheism. In Buber’s work we have the problem of the “becoming” God. The solution of this question is not on the ontological level but on the moral one – God “becomes” through the dialogical life of the man in the world.

Wartość myślenia fragmentarycznego

Author(s): Zbigniew Kaźmierczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXIV/2012

Zmiana paradygmatu wewnątrz Tradycji. O sposobach odczytywania adhortacji Amoris laetitia

Author(s): Eberhard Schockenhoff / Language(s): Polish Issue: 668/2017

Kierowany pod adresem Franciszka zarzut zdrady nieprzerwanej tradycji nauczania kościelnego ujawnia zatem brak wiedzy historycznej oraz fałszywe dogmatycznie rozumienie Tradycji. Argumentacja Amoris laetitia odwraca się bowiem jedynie od ograniczeń, jakie przyniosła XIX-wieczna tradycja neoscholastyczna, aby ponownie włączyć się w szeroki nurt myślenia teologicznomoralnego, który zagubił się w okresie panowania owej podręcznikowej moralności neoscholastycznej. Tomaszowa recepcja arystotelesowskiej teorii praktycznego rozumu przez wieki należała do katolickiej teologii moralnej, ale później, wskutek oddziaływania neoscholastycznego, została wyparta przez oświeceniowy matematyczny ideał uprawiania nauki (more geometrico). Dlatego trzeba postawić pytanie: czy należy mówić o zerwaniu z dotychczasowym nauczaniem Kościoła, jakie miałoby się dokonać poprzez Amoris laetitia, czy raczej o wcześniejszym błędzie braku ciągłości, który Franciszek naprawia?

Thomistic personalism in dialogue with modern depictions of kenosis

Author(s): Bradford L. McCall / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

If one looks at Wojtyla’s Love and Responsibility, they can see a number of different ways that he applies Thomistic Personalism. According to him, true personal love must include both an objective and a subjective dimension. Wojtyla refers to the law of ekstasis, according to which the lover goes outsidet he self to find a fuller existence in another. Moreover, the defining characteristic of betrothed love is self-donation. Picking up on Wojtyla’s characterization of betrothed love as self-donation, I argue that the bible gives good grounds for illustrating the Spirit as the active agent of God in the world, particularly regarding the Spirit as life-giver and animator of all creation through self donation (or self-giving). The kenosis of the Spirit into creation amounts to betrothed love through self-donation. Thomas Jay Oord’s depiction of “essential kenosis” makes numerous asseveration that are constructive for depicting love as self-donation. Several years ago, a collection of essays by theologians and scientists explored creation as The Work of Love, pointing to divine action as kenosis in which it is asserted that the Spirit has chosen to invite creation into a cooperative relationship, which also coalesces with Wojtyla’s conception of love as self-donation. Ultimately, I contend, the essence of personal love is transcended by self-giving. In the final analysis, we are given the capacity of self-possession in order to be able to give ourselves away. The essence of the self, therefore, is to transcend the self through betrothed self-donated love.

Čovjek i svijet po mjeri Božjega milosrđa

Author(s): Anton Tamarut / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2017

Although, due to the mystery of sin and lawlessness, our view of man and the world is often a cause of preoccupation and anxiety, it is also filled with hope and with security in faith (Romans 8:25-25; Hebrews 11:1). Even today, the words of Holy Scripture remain: “Where sin increased, grace overflowed all the more, so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also might reign through justification for eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord” (Romans 5, 20-21). Mercy, seen as a path to abandon spiritual and material slavery, is possible even today because God with his unconditional and infinite love did not abandon the world. God, through the Son and the Holy Spirit, even in the darkest moments and in the desert of the contemporary world extends the hand of mercy and keeps the door of his home wide open (Cf. Matthew 28:20). The responsibility and mission of the Church rests on the personal and collective experience of God’s Mercy, on the fact that the Heavenly Father reconciled us with himself, with our neighbors, with ourselves, and with all creatures and put in us the language of reconciliation, inviting us to mercy and forgiveness. All of Jesus’s disciples and friends should be, in the contemporary world, the source of mercy and forgiveness, the family in which mercy, forgiveness and reconciliation live in an optimal way and multiply.

NUKLEARNA DOLINA

Author(s): Azim Hodo / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 28/2006

The first Ayah (Verse) mentions the vastnessof the Universe, and the second one points outto He (Allah) as the Lord of the Universe. Graphof the nuclear valley has a Lam shape and Lamis one of the consonants contained in the nameof Allah, the Exalted.As pointed out, hydrogen is converted intohelium through fusion (hydrogen and heliumare parts of the graph) on the Sun and on thestarts – and, are not the starts and the Sun a partof the vastness of the Universe, whose Lord isHe, Allah, the Exalted?

RASPRAVA O TRANSCEDENTNOM ZNANJU

Author(s): Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad El-Gazali / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2004

Jedan od mojih prijatelja mi kazivaše kako je neki učenjak poricao mogućnost transcedentnog mističnog znanja, na koje se oslanjaju sufijski odličnici i kome teže sljedbenici tarikata (ehlu-t-tarikah)2, a koji tvrde da je transcedentno znanje postojanije i mudronosnije od znanja stečenog putem učenja (mine-l-’ulumi-l-muktesebeti-l-muhassaleti bi-t-te’allum). Prijatelj mi dalje govoraše da je taj učenjak rekao slijedeće: ¨Ja stvarno ne mogu shvatiti pojam sufijskog znanja, niti, pak, mogu zamisliti da iko na svijetu može govoriti o suštinskom znanju (fi-l-’ilmi-l-hakikijj) u...

Suma Prieš Pagonis Trečioji Knyga. Apvaizda. 136–139 Skyriai

Author(s): Tomas Akvinietis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 91/2017

About the error before a continuous complication. – Apie klaidą tų, kurie pasisako prieš nuolatinį susilaikymą

Suma Prieš Pagonis Trečioji Knyga. Apvaizda. 134–135 Skyriai

Author(s): Tomas Akvinietis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 90/2017

Answer To Any Submitted And Previously Advised Arguments Atsakymas Į Anksčiau Pateiktus Ir Prieš Neturtą Nukreiptus Argumentus

FILOZOFIJSKI DIJALOG RELIGIJA UMJESTO SUKOBA CIVILIZACIJA U PROCESU GLOBALIZACIJE

Author(s): Enes Karić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 4/2000

Dopustite mi malo patetike na početku, te bih odmah kazao da mi je drago što je organizator ovog našeg susreta zadao upravo ovu temu. Da sam ja osobno birao temu za ovaj simpozij, izabrao bih upravo ovakvu ili sličnu. Dakako, za moje oduševljenje ovom temom ima nekoliko razloga, a možda je najznačajnije u svemu tome iskustvo moje domovine, kako skorašnje njeno iskustvo tako i ono iskustvo koje ta zemlja u svome pamæenju nosi tokom skoro jednog milenija.

Suma Prieš Pagonis Trečioji Knyga. Apvaizda. 131–133 Skyriai

Author(s): Tomas Akvinietis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 89/2016

Apie Klaidą Neigiančiųjų Neturto Pasirinkimą Laisva Valia

Suma Prieš Pagonis Trečioji Knyga. Apvaizda. 127–130 Skyriai

Author(s): Tomas Akvinietis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 88/2016

When the use of food itself is not a sin

Suma Prieš Pagonis Trečioji Knyga. Apvaizda. 92–94 Skyriai

Author(s): Thomas Aquinas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 79/2014

Summa Contra Gentiles. Book III. Providence. Chapters 92–94

Suma Prieš Pagonis Trečioji Knyga. Apvaizda. 69–71 Skyriai

Author(s): Thomas Aquinas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 73/2012

Summa Contra Gentiles. Book III. Providence. Chapters 69–71