Látlelet a Monarchiáról

Author(s): Magdolna Orosz / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Arthur Schnitzler was one of the most prominent representants of the so-called „Jung Wien”, i.e. the group of Vienna intellectuals, writers and artists around 1900. His dramatical and narrative works demonstrate characteristic traits, social, intellectual and aesthetical problems, and figu-res of the late k.u.k.-Monarchy, and although he was often considered as an author contributing to the „Habsburg myth”, he had a very sceptical and critical view about his time and the Vienna society of the turn of the century. Schnitzler’s works account i.a. for the ’language crisis’, the crisis of personality in a very special manner, and in his novellas he introduces experimental narrative tools (e.g. multiperspectivism, interior monologue, unreliability) which makes him to a prominently modern author.

Egy hiányzó fejezet Erdei Ferenc életútjából

Author(s): Zsuzsanna Varga / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

This paper focuses on a person being both a scientist and a politician who played a key role in socialist Hungary in the initiation of the opening towards the West. Ferenc Erdei (1910–1971) started his career as a soci-ologist in the early 1930s and was mainly involved in politics after 1945. Following the revolution in 1956, he drew back from his active political role. He established the Research Institute of Agricultural Economics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences which became the the most import-ant background institution of the Agrarian Lobby. My paper argues that the experience Erdei gained from his study trips in Western Europe in the 1930s served later as a basis for the „bridge-building” between the socialist East and the capitalist West. In my paper I investigate which western countries Erdei launched the opening towards and through which channels he started to build a network as well as the political and professional debates that followed this process.

Васил Левски – портретът

Author(s): Nikolay Chernokozhev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The text describes the use of Vassil Levski‘s portrait in the first episode “Guests” of the comic “The Unexplained” by the magazine “Rainbow” (1979).

Predodžbe o franjevcima u savremenoj bošnjačkoj književnosti

Author(s): Ena Begović-Sokolija / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

The topic of Franciscanism in literature is not reserved solely for Ivo Andric (although ‘Andric’s Franciscans’ have been extensively written about within literary criticism), nor is it reserved for Croatian literature in general. This work, from imagological prospective, offers the reading of fifteen texts from modern Bosniak literature that vary in genre and which remember Bosnian Franciscans – historical personalities (Anđeo Zvizdović, Matija Divković, Juraj Dragišić, Ivan Frano Jukić, Grgo Martić, Matheus Bartl (Mato Banjalučanin), Miroslav (Tomislav) Filipović / Majstorović, Ljubo Hrgić, Ivo Marković), but which also offer an image of Bosnian Franciscanism, in Bosniak visure. It has been shown that the ideas and images of Bosnian Franciscans in poems, short-stories, novels and dramas of Bosniak literature are mainly positive, but even when they’re not – they are understandable and expected if one bears in mind the questions that are the subject of imagological consideration of the text: WHO, TO WHOM, WHEN and HOW is one speaking. The work concludes that between several views of the ethnic (cultural) identity being realized (also) in literature (from Karahasan’s garden to Lovrenović’s rainbow colours to Spahić’s “poetry of kaleidoscope”) it is not impossible to talk about all of them within one text i.e. about Bosniak literature at the same time and that Bosniak authors too are meritorious for the symbolical imaginarium of Franciscanism within the identification fields of Bosnian-Herzegovinian literature.

Warsztat współczesnego leksykografa historycznego

Author(s): Ewa Deptuchowa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This paper treats on how the vocabulary of the ancient era of the written Polish has been analyzed. Its goals is showing the means available to a lexicographer carrying out research in the past century and pointing to the nowadays capabilities. Current technical measures make possible showing of an entire workspace of a researcher, what yields a possibility of verification of an analysis and taking up a discussion.

Kształtowanie się specjalistycznej odmiany języka na przykładzie leksyki z poradnika Piotra Krescencjusza

Author(s): Joanna Kamper-Warejko / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The agrotechnical work by Crescentius (1571) includes a wide range of specialist vocabulary – one of the most important elements of the specialist language. The development of science, commenced in the 16th century, became reflected in the slowly created nomenclature. The article attempts to show its evolution. The starting point became the names of plants. The material was compared against the traditional nomenclature of the earlier times, the Polish language of the 16th century and the contemporary nomenclature. The examined group of words evinces the continuity of terms appearing in the early stage of shaping specialist languages. They illustrate the state of knowledge in the discussed period of time, the range and sources of specialist lexis; they even constitute the evidence of changes taking place throughout history.

Gwara i dialekt w perspektywie historycznej

Author(s): Błażej Osowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper verifies the 7 essential characteristics for understanding what it is that dialectology and historical dialectology: (1) geographic diversity, (2) social differentiation, (3) subject of study, (4) opposition ‘dialect-literary language’, (5) chronological aspect, (6) focus on Old Polish language, (7) irregularity of dialectal features. Author used the articles about the origins of Polish literary language. An additional aim of this article is to seek answers to the question: Does the history of dialects may be helpful in the diagnosis of the present situation?

Język jako archiwum kulturowe – konteksty śląskiej dydaktyki polonistycznej (na przykładzie „Dworzanina polskiego” Łukasza Górnickiego)

Author(s): Kinga Wąsińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This article was written in connection with the Silesian University lecturing on the subject called the language as a cultural archive. The author shows how to use the text “Dworzanin polski” Ł. Górnickiego that students know already the first year of Polish studies to come to a synthesis of knowledge of the history of literature, history, language and cultural history. The author proposes to once again look at the patterns imported from Italy about perfect courtier and based on the analysis of the text to find the determinants of the ancient court culture. Furthermore, the text aims to give students information about courtly manners, inventory of court entertainments with their characteristics and old formulas honorific politeness and courtly language, which should be compared with the recommendations of today’s savoir-vivre civilities. In addition, the author points out certain variety of literature types, like a conversation, a dialogue, speech, dedication and anecdote. All these proposals are designed to help lecturer attractive objects of linguistics and realize the student functionality and complexity of Polish studies.

Wyrażenia funkcyjne w średniowiecznej polszczyźnie z perspektywy składniowej

Author(s): Tomasz Mika,Agnieszka Słoboda / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents the author’s book „Wyrażenia funkcyjne w średniowiecznej polszczyźnie z perspektywy składniowej” (Mika, Słoboda, 2015). This monograph is a syntactic addendum to the lexical research carried out as a part of the project “Polish functional expressions in diachronic perspective”. The problems discussed in this book are not homogeneous. Their different types are described in the subsequent chapters: at first the authors remind basic methodological difficulties in description of functional expressions, especially those appearing when you want to consider functional expressions in terms of syntax, not lexis. Then, there are indicated the problems with medieval source material and related interpretation difficulties. In the next part of the book the authors suggest their own methodology: the tendencies identified in „Składnia średniowiecznej polszczyzny” (Krążyńska, Mika, Słoboda, 2015) determine the direction of the interpretation of the processes, which functional expressions are subordinated to and participate in. These tendencies are: 1. Analytic tendency (from holism to analytism); 2. The tendency to autonomize the language (the disconnection of language and reality); 3. The categorization (from lexical to categorial semantics expressed in a specific form); 4. The structurization (from apposition to syntactic structures); 5. The condensation of content (from a very pure content of syntactic units to the cumulation of content in syntactic units). The authors interpret selected linguistic processes in reference to these tendencies. The processes include inter alia: the coexistence of casual and prepositional forms, and the occurence of original particles as appositions of conjunctive function (which indicates analytical tendency); the introduction of elements expressing relation between events, and metatext elements (being, in the authors opinion, the symptom of autonomization); the process of transforming particles into connection indicators, leading to multifunctionality of conjunctions; the process of transforming object-related expressions into determinants of communicative intention (both processes are typical examples of formal categorization); the process of shaping of new categorial meanings of prepositional phrases, leading i.a. to the occurence of case government of verbs (being the effect of renewal of the categorial semantics): the process of shaping of correlated connection indicators and reported speech (seen these processes as the symptoms of structurization); the development of hypotaxis, being the symptom of the tendency to condensation of the content.

Uwagi o mądrości i potrzebie zdobywania wiedzy w wybranych przekazach pisarzy kościelnych z XVII i XVIII wieku

Author(s): Beata Łukarska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The present article has been based on particular reflections which appeared in selected texts of ecclesiastical writing in 17th and 18th century. Those texts underscore the necessity of maintaining balance between the value of the human intellect and the spiritual needs of man, between the order of nature (the cognitive capabilities of man, the desire for domination over nature) and the order of grace (subordination to the wisdom of the Providence, wisdom as a gift, the attitude of humility). Simultaneously, the authors of that time (preachers, moralists, authors of reflections) praised human wisdom and the drive to knowledge. The same praise of wisdom finds its reflection in the ways of portraying significant figures in the Christian tradition, in particular the saints and the beatified. Moreover, valuable insight can be derived from the remarks regarding the proper ways of reasoning and, by extension, creative approach to the learning process, both on the part of the teachers as well as the students.

Osiemnastowieczne reguły „dla świętego przedsięwzięcia, doświadczania a polepszania” jako zabytek polszczyzny cieszyńskiej

Author(s): Jana Raclavská / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Jan Muthman, the first Lutheran pastor in Cieszyn is known first and foremost as the author of the book „The Allegiance to God and the Emperor in the Times of Pestilence…” published in 1716. This clergyman was also a translator of ecclesiastical writings intended for the inhabitants of the Cieszyn Silesia. One of such volumes was „A Hundred Rules for Living…” published in 1720. A linguistic analysis of this volume can provide significant insight into the regional variants of 18th‑century Cieszyn dialect of Polish.

„Bogurodzica” na współczesnej polskiej scenie muzycznej. Kilka słów o recepcji

Author(s): Adam Regiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

“Bogurodzica” has for centuries constituted one of the pillars of Polish culture. As the oldest religious song written in Polish, it designates avenues of interpretation of the medieval aesthetics both in literature and musicology. Moreover, its influence on society and the emergence of national identity cannot be overstated. Due to this monumental, sacrosanct nature, „Bogurodzica” has become an exhibit in the museum of medieval imagery. However, a song, even one which remains a symbol of the past, is always subject to revision during its performance. Thanks to its musical interpretation and reinterpretation, „Bogurodzica” can be read anew and made relevant, while those interpretations reveal hidden discourses. The following article aims at analyzing selected contemporary performances of the literary and musical relic, ruminating on its role in contemporary popular culture and the perception of the Middle Ages suggested by those performances.

La byzantinologie en Bulgarie et ses récentes acquisitions

Author(s): Dimitâr Angelov / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Sur les cités byzantines aux XIe — XIIe siècles

Author(s): Petar Tivchev / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Changing Tastes: from Lustreware to Polychrome Tiles. Exported Pottery from Valencia in Mediterranean Area and around (14th to 18th cc.)

Author(s): Jaume Coll Conesa / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Medieval ceramics from Paterna and Manises were highly prized and very widely traded in the Mediterranean and Atlantic Europe during the Middle Ages. Although a decline in their presence can be observed in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries due to the boom in Italian majolica, they continued to be distributed, despite the fact that they now represented old-fashioned styles and tastes. The eighteenth century saw the beginnings of a certain commercial recovery, thanks to tiles from the factories in the city of Valencia. The Royal Factory at Alcora (Castellón), in the north of the Valencian region, played an important part in this revival of taste, and its products came to be widely distributed throughout the Spanish-speaking world. This study presents a general overview of the commercial distribution of Valencian ceramics between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries based on archaeological and historical evidence.

Byzantine and Turkish Glazed Pottery Finds from Aphrodisias

Author(s): Muradiye Öztaşkın / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study consists of initial observations made upon Byzantine, Seljuk, Begliks and Ottoman pottery finds from the Aphrodisias excavations since 2013. Chronology of the pottery finds uncovered in the North Avenue, South Agora, Hadrianic Baths, Theatre and Temple of Aphrodite will be presented briefly. To resolve the contexts in which the potteries belong to, the emphasis is on the history of the city and political events that could have potentially caused considerable changes to the economy. By establishing analogies and considering the chronology of the city, an attempt is made herein to put the pottery finds into their possible contexts.Through the end of the 9th century in Aphrodisias, a sudden rise in the quantity of Byzantine potteries is observed. The city was in commercially connected to Constantinople and centers such as the Adriatic Coasts or Corinth. Pieces of Fine Sgrafitto Ware, Green and Brown Painted Ware and Slip Painted Ware produced from the middle of the 12th century and the beginning of the 13th century have been found in many areas of the city. Very few pottery finds belonging to the Seljuk period have been uncovered. In Aphrodisias, glazed pottery production probably started during the Byzantine or Begliks period.There was a period of growth in Aphrodisias from the first quarter of 15th century to the mid 16th century. In excavated areas, a large number of pottery finds have been found. With the change of commercial routes in the 17th century, the city was increasingly reduced into a rural settlement and has subsisted to the present day.

Beyrouth post-médiévale. Étude de cas : la céramique

Author(s): Grace Homsy-Gottwalles / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Whereas historical, political and cultural studies reach the postmedieval period in Lebanon, interests for archaeological artifacts remains neglected.The archaeological excavations undertaken in 1996 and 1997 in Beirut, sites Bey 070, Bey 071 and Bey 111, led to the discovery of tableware ceramics (in the surface layers) dated to the 16th —19th centuries.In this paper, we examine tableware ceramics of various origins: Didymoteicho and Çanakkale (Thrace), Kütahya and Iznik (Analolia), Pisa and Montelupo (Tuscany), Albisola in Liguria, Varages in Provence, European porcelain, as well as local and/or regional ceramics.

Поливная керамика Узбекистана: этапы развития

Author(s): Elmira F. Gyul / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The article offers an analysis of main stages in development of glazed ceramics of Uzbekistan: Samanid, Karakhanid and Timurid periods, the period of the late medieval Uzbek Khanates and the modern period. The author characterizes local ceramic schools and centers and reveals traditional elements in development of pottery. She discusses reasons behind the spread of glazed ceramics during the first centuries of Islam. Its further specific development is explained within the context of social-historical development of the region.The ceramic industry of Uzbekistan is shown as a vibrant and dynamic process, which has maintained sustainable archetypical features through time. These include: conventional pattern, contrast colors, basic repertory of decoration: floral motifs, stylized images of animals and birds, simplistic geometric ornamentation.

Žene koje su oblikovale wiccu — put iz knjige prema prirodi

Author(s): Sonja Miličević Vukelić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

During the 19th century a new idea of a different belief system began to take root. The formation of this system took place with the help of a more serious approach to the treasure of folk traditions, skills, knowledge and practice. However, the system was also modernized by occultism, following contemporary culture and society, and very soon became adaptable to changes in the world. The name for both the system of faith and the members of that system is Wicca and it functions according to the vertical system. The aspiration is to grow upwards, towards the spiritual experience of the divine in and out of oneself. This movement is based on the philosophy of the religions of nature, folklore and mythology, adding the experience of the ancient, the arrangement of the occult, and the need to create a relationship with the modern world. The system is linked to the Code — set out in the Wiccan’s Rede (basic Wiccan ethical rules), and The Thirteen Principles of Wiccan Belief adopted in April 1974. In the Principles, in points 1., 2., and 13., they emphasize intellectual responsibility towards the environment, harmony of life with nature and ecological balance, and that within the Nature we should look for everything that contributes to our health and well–being.

Between Colonial Laws and Religious Traditions: Hindu Women in the Nineteenth Century India

Author(s): Maria-Daniela Pomohaci / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In order to understand social reforms regarding women’s rights in nineteenth century India, one needs to begin by taking a look at the ideas of “rule of law” and at the “rule of colonial difference”, which animated legislation initiatives in the field of gender and discrimination in colonial India.