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THE INFORMATION DIMENSION OF THE MODERN BATTLEFIELD

Author(s): Petre-Răzvan Enache / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2020

The current security environment is characterized by complexity and dynamism, being influenced by multiple challenges. The proliferation and diversification of information systems in the context of the technological revolution result in different effects among which the emergence of different actors that are present in the areas of military operations, especially given the more and more complex types of threats to the contemporary security environment. The new technologies brought by the information revolution become the main means able to determine the increase of the efficiency of military actions and the achievement of the surprise in the battle space. A major concern of military structures in terms of operations, regardless their level, is achieving the information advantage / upper hand creating the creating the conditions necessary for attaining success on the battlefield, avoiding as much as possible, losses of any kind. The new approach of the information-related activity, developed through appropriate actions, is able to ensure the correct asymmetric advantage in the context of any challenge.

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SIMPLIFICATION, EFFECT OF THE CRITICAL THINKING, IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTINUOUS TRANSFORMATION AND CHALLENGES OF THE NATIONAL DEFENCE SYSTEM

Author(s): Carmen-Gabriela Nițu (Chitafes) / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2020

The general aspects of the transformation, as well as the continuous challenges, generated by the dynamic evolution of the national defence system, represent the thematic context, meant to substantiate and to particularize this article. Moreover, our analysis focuses on multiple perspectives specific to the transformation of the national defence system, as well as the way in which the Romanian Army goes through this period of renewal, meant to preserve its viability and give it recognition as an army corresponding to the Euro-Atlantic security environment.Also, starting from the idea of simplification, as an effect of critical thinking, we will formulate and present a new vision on the importance of critical thinking as the root of the decision-making process.In this context, the purpose of our scientific approach is to present the concept of critical thinking, by appealing to a number of its definitions, found in the specialty literature, and to emphasize a strategic advantage offered by it, namely that, whenever we want to understand a factual situation or to undertake a complex, difficult action, we must approach it with simplicity, but also with a critical, innovative spirit.

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ASPECTS REGARDING THE USE OF ACTIVE SENSORS IN SURVEILLANCE MISSIONS

Author(s): Pătru Pîrjol / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

Recent military conflicts have highlighted the importance of understanding the battlefield in order to maintain the initiative of organic forces while conducting combat operations. Active sensors placed on space and airborne platforms ensure ground surveillance and provide information for drafting the real images of the areas under surveillance. Information from active sensors represents the support for the decision-making processes and combat actions for all forces so that the enemy will be neutralized.Active sensors are used by civilian actors to understand the processes and the natural phenomena on our planet, to determine their impact on human society, to identify and monitor the natural and manmade changes on the environment as well as to monitor the impact of human activity on the environment.

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CONFIGURING ARMORED BATTLEGROUPS IN THE LAND FORCES

Author(s): Florin-Ioan Cioancă / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

The configuration of military forces in the land forces, especially battlegroups, is a solution for using only those components and microstructures of a military force, at a tactical level, that can be successful in military operations with minimal costs and losses. In modern military operations there is a need to use combat groups that have, as a result of their configuration, a military structure with mobility, firepower and high protection. These conditions can be met by armored vehicles on wheels or tracks, not necessarily tanks, organized in armored battlegroups. The configuration of armored battlegroups in the land forces must respect the principles of the use of military forces in military operations.

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THE OPPORTUNITY FOR USING REMOTELY OPERATED UNDERWATER VEHICLES IN SUPPORT OF NAVAL ACTIONS

Author(s): Lucian Valeriu SCIPANOV,Denis Dolceanu / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

There is an international trend for research and development programs aiming to provide fleets with modern combat systems. Remotely piloted underwater vehicles represent a capability that occupies an important place in the concerns of the naval forces, so they have experienced an evolutionary stage with a great technological advance as compared to other classic combat systems.Although a large-scale military action is considered unlikely, there are general concerns about minimizing risks on the battlefield, in order to avoid the loss of human lives, so a handy option was to capitalize on the technological advance we are witnessing, leaving dangerous and routine tasks to robots. Anticipating a future widespread use of unmanned systems, this article is a plea for the use of remotely piloted vehicles for missions in the underwater environment, an environment hostile to human life but permissive to specialized vectors.The novelty of this article is that it presents some tactical advantages that a naval force can benefit from in the future by using robots and autonomous systems that influence underwater and surface operations.

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TERRORISM DURING THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC – COVID 19. EVOLUTIONS AND FORECAST

Author(s): Costică Voicu,Ion Gane / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

In the run-up to the Covid-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed a significant number of conferences, articles and opinions that have revolved around the same topic – RESILIENCE. Undoubtedly, a valid topic of discussion, but which lacked the current pandemic – Covid-19. The complex world we live in is facing a new thorny issue, consisting of a mixture of terrorist threats from ISIS and other terrorist organizations, to which has been added the worldwide virus – SARS-CoV 2 and which triggered the pandemic, which spread rapidly and with a major negative impact on the economies, finances and serious humanitarian problems of those in need. These threats have severely affected the security climate in various parts of the world, affecting all states, territories and the most vulnerable people.The question is whether the world is ready to live in the new conditions. Do Europe and the rest of the world have a clear roadmap to respond to the new situation? The current situation has become a unique test to verify the unity of the EU and NATO, their capacity and readiness to return to the forefront of terrorism.

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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE MOBILITY AND COUNTERMOBILITY OF FORCES

Author(s): Adrian-Robert Gheorghe / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

The conditions in which the armed confrontations took place have always had a major importance on the outcome of military operations and this aspect has been observed and capitalized by specialists and military leaders. A realistic understanding of the existing conditions, doubled by a correct vision of the transformed confrontation environment that must be reached, makes the chance of success substantially inclined in favor of those who prepare in detail and in advance for the battles that are barely visible today.

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THE USE OF AEROSOLS, FORCE PROTECTION MEASURE IN THE DEFENCE OPERATION OF THE LARGE TACTICAL UNIT

Author(s): Ionel Cotoarbă / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

During the preparation and conduct of defence operations, the use of aerosol missions should be well planned and executed in a logical sequence and continuously. Smoke operations should lead to increase stability defence and reduce enemy opportunities to prepare and conduct offensive operations, being fully informed and having a clear conception.

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STATIC AND DYNAMIC FACTORS OF COMBAT POWER IN THE LAND MILITARY OPERATIONS

Author(s): Florin-Ioan Cioancă / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

Over the last decade, land forces have undergone an extensive process of reform and modernization in order to create credible and efficient capabilities, adapted to the new security environment.The transition from the specific concepts of territorial defence to collective defence and counteracting asymmetric risks does not exclude the responsibility of defending the national territory, and to meet strategic requirements Romania needs a modern and permanently adaptable ground forces structure based on the principle of combat power, a principle by which the forces are configured according to the missions and objectives to be accomplished.

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THE STRATEGIC SHOCK IN THE DESIGN OF WAR BETWEEN CLASSIC AND CONTEMPORARY: COVID-19

Author(s): Valentin - Claudiu Jorăscu,Teodora Zecheru,Laviniu-Octavian Haller / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

The hybrid warfare concept developed in many ways during the past twenty years. What we are facing today is a new component, limited previously by its potential worldwide impact. Biological weapons have the advantages of facile and silent spread, are very difficult to detect and deter in terms of individual and collective protection equipment. The consequences of biological weapons use have implications at political and diplomatic level, but also operationally and tactically-wise. The main aim in these difficult times is to maintain combat readiness and to strengthen national defence.

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PROLIFERATION OF BALLISTIC AND CRUISE MISSILES, AN INCREASING THREAT UPON THE EASTERN EUROPEAN’S OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT STABILITY

Author(s): Valentin Petrescu,Ion Bălăceanu / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

The threat posed by the proliferation of ballistic and cruise missiles to NATO states and forces in Europe has become an intensely debated topic recently, especially amid the US exit from the Nuclear Forces Treaty and the relaunch of a new arms race especially due to some states’ desire to reaffirm themselves as regional and world military powers, states that have repeatedly shown their willingness to use military force, including the available arsenals of missiles, in order to achieve their objectives. This real threat is supported by the ballistic and cruise missile development programs carried out by states such as Russia and Iran, countries that consider the US and NATO as the main threats to their security.

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MOBILITY ‒ COUNTERMOBILITY CORRELATION IN MILITARY ENGINEERING

Author(s): Adrian-Robert Gheorghe / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

The movement and maneuver have been and will remain over time imperative requirements of military structures in the tactical field. Technological progress has offered high possibilities to maneuvering structures for maintaining their freedom of movement in the tactical field, simultaneously with interdicting/hindering the maneuverability of the opponent. The need to ensure increased mobility of own combat structures in the tactical field, led to the emergence of a new generation of combat engineer support forces, modular and standardized, with a doctrine in line with the requirements of the modern battlefield and especially with an increased adaptation and integration capability of external resource, in order to fulfill its specific tasks.

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BRIEF HISTORICAL MILESTONES ON THE EVOLUTION OF UAV SYSTEMS: 1914 - 1939

Author(s): Grigore Eduard Jeler / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), such as remotely piloted vehicle (RPV), are weapon systems widely used in nowadays armies. It may seem surprisingly, but this weapon has its origins în the beginning of World War I. The aim of this article is to pursue the development of the unmanned aircrafts from the 1914 to 1939. This article represents a continuation of the article published in Bulletin of ”Carol I” National Defence University, No. 2/2018.

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OPINIONS REGARDING THE WAYS OF ENSURING EFFECTIVE MAINTENANCE OF LAND FORCES MILITARY TECHNIQUE IN PEACETIME

Author(s): Grațiela-Elena Voicilă,Petre-Răzvan Enache / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2020

In the present article will deal in detail with the role of maintenance, one of the most important areas of logistics, in maintaining and restoring military machinery and equipment, which is achieved through the continuous development, in peacetime, crisis or war, of two main activities, namely maintenance and repair. Maintenance is represented in the logistics system, in large units of the ground forces, in the management structure, by the technical deputy chief of logistics, and in the execution structures, depending on the echelon, by maintenance platoon structures, SMEM or SMME, from line I to level II logistical support. The arrangement of the execution elements is done with the observance, indicative of the tactical norms regarding the surfaces and the distances, so that the missions can be fulfilled making the most of the land and the local possibilities regarding the accomplishment of some maintenance works.

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LIDAR APPLICATIONS FOR EARTH OBSERVATION MISSIONS

Author(s): Pătru Pîrjol / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2020

Active remote sensing is a method of detecting bodies and phenomena and includes a wide range of active sensors, able to provide the data required to create images or electronic models of the monitored area, with multiple civilian and military applications. LIDAR is an important technology, with high impact on the development of robotics, automation of the manufacturing process and the development of fully automated and autonomous means of land, air and sea. LIDAR, as an active sensor, determines the distance of an object on the Earth’s surface and ensures the high-resolution mapping of the terrestrial surface, the obtained image having higher spatial resolution. Data provided by this sensor ensures the creation of high-precision digital maps, providing the information support for military and civilian activities.

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ROMANIAN ARMY IN SUPPORT OF LOCAL AND CENTRAL AUTHORITIES FOR MANAGING THE HEALTH CRISIS CAUSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Andrei Th. Constantin / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2020

The contemporary society is facing, during this period, a phenomenon unprecedented in the last hundred years (since the Spanish flu from 1918-1921), extremely complex, difficult to manage and with global expansion – the current pandemic of atypical pneumonia. In an increasingly interconnected and interdependent world, in which human mobility is constantly growing, Romania has in its turn become overwhelmed by this plague. The identified dangers, corroborated with the virulence and high contagiousness of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, imposed, at the level of the Romanian state, an inter-institutional and interdepartmental approach to the management of the problem generated by this pandemic. The Romanian Army as a component part of the National Emergency Management System was called upon to support the management of the special emergency situation generated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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WAYS TO IMPROVE CAMPAIGN SERVICES IN ORDER TO MOTIVATE HUMAN RESOURCES WITHIN A MECHANIZED BRIGADE

Author(s): Grațiela-Elena Voicilă / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2020

The participation of the Romanian military in missions in the theaters of international operations represented a new national operational effort implied by Romania’s accession to NATO. The necessary logistical support is provided to contingents participating in missions in accordance with the functional areas of logistics (supply, field services, lifecycle support of materials and equipment, movement and transport, maintenance of equipment and related areas). Campaign services are a key area in terms of motivating human resources, as they cover the primary needs of each military participant in the operation. The art of motivating members of an organization for its common goals or in other words the ability to make other people work with you and for you is crucial to success and is, without a doubt, one of the main areas of responsibility of managers. Military commanders are constantly concerned with identifying and implementing modern measures to modernize field services so that the combatant has that motivating physical and mental comfort to support him/her in accomplishing the mission.

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE COUNTER-TERRORISM CAPABILITIES OF SOME NATO MEMBER STATES

Author(s): Danut Mircea Chiriac,Cosmin Pîslaru / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2020

Terrorism is a scourge that tends to become a normality in the everyday lives of the European citizens, despite the development of the systems that respond to the terrorist actions. The recent attacks in France (October 29, 2020) and Austria (November 02, 2020) confirm this sad reality. In this article, we aim to identify the directions of action of some European states that, in spite of being NATO partners, oppose the perception of the phenomenon of radicalization of Islamism, in order to combat terrorist actions.

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THE PERSONNEL/COMBATANT MOTIVATION – AN OVERWHELMING FACTOR FOR THE ACCOMPLISHMENT OF THE MISSION

Author(s): Grațiela-Elena Voicilă / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2020

Motivation is the basis of the functioning of the personnel/combatant performed and represents the concept that explains the difference between the mode of action of each soldier / combatant that results in the accomplishment of the mission successfully or without satisfaction. All combatants should learn that the next mission is the most important one. Commanders must therefore be aware that the motivation of subordinates is their ability - primarily through personal example - to create an environment in which subordinate human resources can and want to achieve the required objectives, to use their potential to maximum. Motivation has not only the role to determine people to work, regardless of the quality of their work, but to make them work well, to encourage them to use all the physical and intellectual resources they have. If there is motivation, there is superior performance and productivity, there is job satisfaction, therefore the ultimate goal of the organization is met.

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THE EFFECTS OF STRATEGIC SHOCK ON THE MILITARY ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Valentin - Claudiu Jorăscu / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2020

Generally, the projection and the implementation of changes at doctrinal level mainly follow the pointed paradigm shifts generated by sudden and emphasized mutation of operational thinking. The technological capabilities possess double applicability, since they are generated and used mainly by the civil sector, while gaining utility in national security with an obvious influence towards military forces evolution and engagement, and, consequently, the pattern of war. The evolution of the human-technology relationship is due to the increasingly higher level of transfer towards machines of the sensorial features, the variability and the intelligence, together with certain decisional capacities.

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