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Gest lidera

Author(s): Paulina Orłowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 06/2013

The article raises the issue of the connection between the political agenda of the Italian Five Star Movement (Movimento 5 Stelle) and the performative gestures and actions of its spokesman and leader, former comedian Beppe Grill. After a brief introduction outlining Grill’s path from theatricality to politics, the article shows how he consciously uses his body as a means of certifying the truth of the words he speaks. All this leads to the conclusion that, considered as a whole, including his body, Grill expresses a commitment that is more than merely a means of impressing voters. It is also an incentive for them to take personal responsibility for the fate of their own country, which is expressed in the main point in the movement’s programme: moving away from representative democracy towards a citizen’s democracy.

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POLITICAL TRUST AND ELECTORAL BEHAVIOUR

Author(s): Agnieszka Turska-Kawa / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

The concept of trust in the context of voting behavior is difficult to define, because it is not a factor specific solely to this domain. Firstly, trust is an essential element of social life. It is the essence of social capital that has significant impact on many issues – education, economic growth, crime level, quality of functioning of the democratic institutions, community of the citizens. Secondly, in large partly due to the multiple contexts of use of this concept, there are difficulties as regards distinguishing it from related concepts such as empathy, community, respect, kindness, brotherhood, esteem, unity. Despite the many shortcomings and imperfections in the concept of trust, it appears that the concept is well understood intuitively – individuals answering questions in surveys on trust seem to understand the concept very well, and their expressed trust level is proportionate to their individually observable behaviour.

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PRL wobec rozszerzenia Wspólnot Europejskich o Hiszpanię i Portugalię (1962–1986)

Author(s): Adam Barabasz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2016

The main goal of this article is to present the attitude of authorities of Polish People’s Republic towards the southern extension of the European Community of Spain and Portugal between 1962 and 1986. In this article, among other things, the classified correspondence between the Polish diplomats who were allocated to posts in Rome, Madrid and Paris, and the fourth department of Polish People’s Republic’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, has been presented. Those materials showed the Polish estimated assessment of a long and complicated process of adaptability of both Iberian countries to the requirements of the European Community. This article has also presented the responses of the Polish press (i.e. Trybuna Ludu, Życie Warszawy, Polityka)to the cooperation of both countries and EWG.

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Šta znači „Rad na prošlosti“

Author(s): Theodor W. Adorno / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 57.3/2000

Pitanje šta znači rad na prošlosti treba objasniti. Ono polazi od formulacije koja je poslednjih godina postala veoma sumnjiv šlagvort. Rad na prošlosti u toj upotrebi ne znači da se prošlost za ozbiljno obrađuje, da se iz njenog začaranog kruga može izaći zahvaljujući izoštrenoj svesti. Naprotiv, postoji želja da se podvuče crta, da se prošlost po mogućstvu izbriše iz sećanja. Stav da sve treba da se zaboravi i oprosti, koji bi mogao da dolikuje samo čoveku kom se desila nepravda, zagovaraju saučesnici ljudi koji su tu nepravdu i počinili. Jednom prilikom sam u jednom naučnom sporu napisao: u kući dželata ne govori se o konopcu, inače se javlja resantiman. [...]

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Empirijski pristupi izbornom ponašanju

Author(s): Ivan Šiber / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 02/1971

Kao osnovni oblik stjecanja vlasti u suvremenim liberalno-buržoaskim državama, izborni procesi veoma su rano privukli pažnju kako političara, tako i politologa i svih ostalih stručnjaka, koji su s aspekta svojih disciplina mogli pridonijeti njihovu razumijevanju. Interes političara je pragmatičan i razumljiv; treba proučiti razloge opredjeljivanja biračkog tijela i mogućnosti djelovanja na opredjeljivanje, kako bi se određena partija, ideje ili ljudi probili u prvi plan, zadobili političku vlast u određenom društvu.

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Politička kultura i političko ponašanje u suvremenim poliltičkim procesima

Author(s): Franjo Kožul / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 01/1970

We conceive culture as a universal notion for defining different social contents or all manifestations of human personality. Meanwhile, when we say »political culture« we have ipso facto a new quality. There spring up dilemmas from that: whether political culture is an independent variable or only one dimension of culture generally, then, can an individuum of low cultural level have political culture and conversely. Political culture and political behaviour are class-determined and its specific character is just in that fact concerning quality. Since the phenomenon is undefined and imprecise, political culture, in the essay, is taken as an attitude of an individuum towards the whole, towards society. Which are essential characteristics of so conceived political culture with us: First, fear in the use of freedom, fear which is no more bio-psychological phenomenon-but socially determined condition of man. The primitive man could not explain natural phenomena and that was his fatality, and the modem man cannot explain some social and world phenomena which surround him and now that is his fatality. Second, overemphasized element of destruction in relation to creativeness. In the course of the whole history man preferred destruction to be able to create something new and this condition still prevails in his consciousness. Third, there is still retained tradition to identify state with society and hence the man's negative attitude towards the whole as an alienated power. Fourth, the emphasized behaviour of identification with organizations and leadership which diminishes human activity in the sense of creativity. Fifth, specific phenomenon is evident in the fact that the tendency of projection of personal feelings into general once — personal projection as historical origin has been constantly supported. All these elements have a common consequence — creation of artificial condition of social tension and human insecurity in all aspects of human existence. Thus, according to some features, political culture and behaviour are primarily manifested as social destruction, and after that as projected or anticipated creation.

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Neki aspekti našeg izbornog sistema i politička kultura građana

Author(s): Andrija Valent / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 01/1970

Obsolete instrumentation of the electoral system is an important cause of retardation of the process of democratization of elections. Electoral procedure is stretched and lasts too long. The same forms repeat manifold especially so called mass meetings of citizens and working people, while meetings are not a suitable form tor getting information about individual thinking of the voters' confidence concerning potential candidates. Therefore usually there is no confrontation about persons who are proposed h representative functions in assemblies. So »empty« space appears where s me interested group come in and lead unprincipled emulation for places assemblies. It would be convenient, in looking for better solutions, to re upon forms of political action by means of which it would be easier approach to the particular voter — by interrogation of public opinion, etc.

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National Political Culture. A Study on Political Orientations in Post‑Communist Romania

Author(s): Daniel Buti / Language(s): English Issue: 195/2018

The article is part of the conceptual debates on national or regional/ local dimension of the political culture arguing for the classical approach which identifies political values, attitudes and behaviors relevant to the national type of community. The case study, which actually supports the idea of the existence of a national political culture, targets the post-communist Romanian society and is based on the results of a quantitative sociological research. The aim of the paper is to show that the Romanian social space is quite homogeneous on those value, attitudinal and behavioral orientations that define political culture.

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Votanții activi și votanții de presiune. Un model teoretic de analiză

Author(s): Alfred Bulai / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 196/2018

The usual model of the analyses of voting absenteeism, for any type of election, is based on the thesis that people interested in the thematic of a vote, if they are not prevented in any way, will participate to it. Absenteeism is usually explained by to a lack of interest in the subject of choice, sometimes accompanied by the inability to understand the nature of the alternative that is proposed, or the difficulty of assessing variants of choice. Of course, in other cases absenteeism may be linked to the presence of a protest attitude against various political themes or actions. Beyond these factors of the absenteeism, which have their own explanatory capacity, I will try to propose another type of analysis of the voting mechanism and implicitly of the absenteeism. I will take the particular case of the referendum on redefinition of the family that took place in October 2018. I will show that the explanation of the very low level of presence to vote is mainly due to the existence of a critical mass of voters whom I will call “pressure voters”. Most of them did not vote at the referendum and usually, in the case of ordinary elections they are very difficult to identify.

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REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM

Author(s): Cristina Ejov,Cristina Morari / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Terrorism is a serious threat to the contemporary world. The understanding of this threat is forcing the states and international organizations to join forces in the fight against it. For the Republic of Moldova the terrorism has became a threat as well. Terrorist organization Islamic State has delimited geographically its targets and through these territories is the Republic of Moldova as well. Thus, in this article are studied: a) institutional and legislative aspects of Moldova‟s fight against terrorism; b) cooperation of the Republic of Moldova with СE, EU, CIS and NATO in the fight against terrorism and counter-terrorism strategies development; c) Republic of Moldova in front of international terrorism threat. Also, in the study is analyzed how the phenomena of terrorism is perceived by Moldovans and are highlighted some recommendations of what kind of measures Republic of Moldova should undertake in order to secure itself from possible terrorist actions.

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EU Council – the arena of intergovernmental debates

Author(s): Adina Elena Serban / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

The uniqueness and the complexity of the Council of the European Union present an incredible force of attraction for researchers dedicated to deciphering the European Union’s mysteries. This study aims to analyse the intergovernmental negotiations in the EU and to identify their main characteristics while answering questions about the manner in which negotiations are held and decisions are made in the Council of the European Union. Also, this paper deals with issues such as patterns of interaction between states and types of strategies adopted in negotiations, coalition formation and the reasoning behind them.

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Роль религиозного наставничества в противодействии экстремизму и терроризму

Author(s): L. M. Ravandi-Fadai / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2017

Religious, Islamic in particular, extremism under the current political conditions on a global scale has been discussed. A significant obstacle to stopping the alarming rise in young people taking up arms on behalf of various terrorist organizations is the lack of charismatic spiritual leaders promoting a peaceful and traditional understanding of Islam, especially in regions of unrest. The paper focuses on the important role that religious mentoring can play against extremism and terrorism, specifically the institution of Marja al-taqlid, and provides an overview of the particular forms of Islamic extremism that have emerged today. The results of our analysis suggest that extremism can be fought only through collective action of national, social, and religious institutions.

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TÜRKMENİSTAN DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA İÇ FAKTÖRLER: NEOKLASİK REALİZM ÇERÇEVESİNDE BİR İNCELEME

Author(s): Didem Ekinci / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2019

This paper argues that, in view of the importance it attaches to the system, the unit-based and the cognitive factors in the inquiry of foreign policy behavior, and with a content oriented towards examining the foreign policies of a particular state or similar/different foreign policies of various states in time; Neoclassical Realism stands as a foreign policy theory with a remarkable explanatory potential, particularly in view of country analyses. Accordingly, in the context of Turkmenistan’s foreign policy, this paper provides an analysis of the roles, impact and reflections of the domestic factors composed of regime type, leadership, groups, autonomy, nationalism, small states as well as the grand strategies of small states, respectively; which have been mentioned in the theory concerned but have been left inadequately researched or not searched at all.

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TÜRKİYE’DE SİYASİ LİDERLERE TAKILAN LAKAPLARIN SİYASAL İLETİŞİM AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Üyesi Cihan Oğuz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

Politics is a structure that has been shaped by personalities of leaders as well as their skills. In this regard, it is highly significant how great leaders are approved and perceived by society. In this interpretive article, the nicknames that have been given to political leaders from Ottoman period up to the present day and the meanings of these nicknames have been investigated. It also has been argued that the reasons for giving a nickname to politicians. The effect of physical characteristics, behaviors, attitudes and charismatic aspects of political leaders on determination of these nicknames has been examined. Otherwise, it has been emphasized that resemblances, discrepancies and contradictions among the nicknames that have been accepted by party members/society and the nicknames that have been given by historians and press. In this regard, the meanings that nicknames carried and evoked in the presence of citizens have been examined by establishing a descriptive framework in terms of political communication and propaganda. Moreover, the influences of nicknames on voters preferences and sympathy or antipathy felt to leaders have been addressed along with their examples. During the study, a large number of archival resources have been reviewed, the question of what kind of theoretical framework should be examined concerning the nicknames given to leaders in terms of political communication has been interpreted with the approaches of communication scientists.

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Sloboda prejavu verzus nenávistný prejav

Author(s): Marián Kuna / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2018

The article deals with the issue of the limitation of hate speech in the context of the right to freedom of speech from the perspective of legal philosophy. This is a current legally highly relevant socio-political phenomenon that quite resonates in today’s European societies. Its gravity is underlined by the fact that it is a subject to legal regulation in general and of criminal law in particular. In the text, we will present a broader background and context of freedom of speech and its legitimate legal constraints in the European context. We also pay attention to the problem of hate speech, namely to its notion, typology and different degrees of its legitimate legal protection. We do believe that in the context of the principles of democratic state and the rule of law, it is essential not only to follow the case law concerning hate speech of the European Court of Human Rights, but also to scholarly scrutinize it. For what is at stake here is our freedom of speech and with it also our democracy as a civilised form of human community.

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The Impact of Political Socialization in Kosovo Political Culture

Author(s): Behar Haziri / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This paper analyses agents of political socialization and their impact on Kosovo's political culture. The importance of political socialization in defining Kosovo's political culture is considerable, because with a special attention to its factors such as: family, education, religious institutions, peer groups, social classes, interest groups, political parties and the media, it may represent the attitudes, developments and changes that are involved in shaping political culture. To analyse the problems of political culture and the functioning of the Kosovo political system, the analysis is based on empirical research realized in February 2016, extending across the territory with a representative sample of (n=1007) respondents, including majority Albanians, and minorities Serb, Turkish, Bosnian, Roma and Ashkali. We compare the results with the empirical analysis of the pattern of political culture of Almond, Powell, Dalton and Strom (2008), always referring to the methodological criteria. The applied methods in the development of the study are the comparison method and the deductive method.

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POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF RELIGIOSITY, POSTMATERIALISM AND ETHNO-NATIONALIST ATTITUDES IN NETHERLANDS

Author(s): Bojan Todosijević,Emilija Mijić,Ljubomir Hristić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

The paper analyzes the political consequences of religiosity, post-materialism and nationalist attitudes. According to modernization and secularization theses, ideological orientations such as religiosity and (ethno)nationalism are supposed to decline in political relevance as modernizations progresses. On the other side, in the era of political de-alignment and re-alignment, political space is supposed to be determined by the 'new politics' ideological dimensions, of which post-materialist orientation is the most familiar.

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СОЦИОЛОШКЕ ОСНОВЕ НОРМАТИВНОГ ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛИЗМА У ПОЛИТИЧКОЈ НАУЦИ

Author(s): Dušan Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2009

The article discusses sociological foundations of normative institutionalism in political science. Section 1 introduces different types of institutionalism. Section 3 compares the old with the new institutionalism. Since new institutionalism is sociological in nature, section 4 links new institutionalism with social behavior. Section 5 discusses common features of all types of institutionalism. Sections 6-8 lays out main elements of normative institutionalism. Section 9 concludes by highlighting the relevance of new institutionalism for political science.

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СТРАНАЧКО ПОИСТОВЕЋЕЊЕ: СЛУЧАЈ СРБИЈЕ

Author(s): Slobodan Č. Antonić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2005

In the introduction the question is asked: why, in Serbia, both enormous electoral volatility and widespread party identification are registered simultaneously. The problem is that, according to the original theory, they could not both be present at the same time. In the second part of the article, the basic theory of party identification is described. The third part describes the way that party identification has been explored in Serbia. The conclusion is that there are certain deviations from the original theory. The final part is dedicated to some dilemmas concerning the applicability of party identification theory outside the United States, and several suggestions on Serbia are introduced.

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PORODICA I POLITIČKO PONAŠANJE

Author(s): Anđelka Milić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/1984

The investigation which had the aim to study the determinants of political commitment of the members of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, took into the consideration the family as a factor of political commitment. Namely, the assumption was that the „political atmosphere“ of the family in which the individual is socialized, defined as family attitudes toward the sphere of politics, would influence actual political commitment. Political commitment was observed from two angles: (1) as actual formal status in regard to the membership in the LCY (member, non- member and ex- member), and (2) as actual activity in political life in the moment of the inquary. The research has been undertaken in four cities in Yugoslavia. In each of tiem three groups of respodents, according to the formal party status and from all social strata, have been chosen.

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