Správy a Recenzie

Author(s): Peter Žeňuch,Katarína Žeňuchová,Mária Košková,Peter Zubko,Daniela Konstantinovová,Paulína Šmeringaiová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 02/2018

1. Významné životné jubileum profesora Jána Dorul'u, by: Peter Žeňuch 2. K životnému jubileu Svetlany Michajlovny Tolstej, by: Katarína Žeňuchová 3. Odišla docentka Elena Krasnovská, by: Peter Žeňuch 4. Za Zuzanou Profantovou, by: Katarína Žeňuchová 5. Obzretie sa za 16. medzinárodným zjazdom slavistov, by: Peter Žeňuch, Mária Košková, Katarína Žeňuchová and Peter Zubko 6. Medzinárodná vedecká konferencia a 40. výročie lektorátu slovakistiky na Univerzite Sv. Cyrila a Metoda vo Veľkom Trnove v Bulharsku, by: Daniela Konstantinovová 7. Lapko, R. (ed.), “Martin Luther po päťsto rokoch”, Bratislava: VEDA, vydavatel’stvo SAV, 2018, 87 pp., by: Paulína Šmeringaiová

The Upbringing of Offspring in Mixed Marriages in a Historical Perspective

Author(s): Tomasz Robert Gałkowski / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2023

The concern for the upbringing of children in the marriages of Christians with followers of other religions or pagans, and then Catholics with non-Catholics, was from the very beginning a concern of the church community. This issue is discussed in the present article, in which the author focuses his attention on foundations of the regulations rather than on their legal aspect. The conducted analyses indicate that there has been a significant shift from the objective protection of faith to the subjective expression of the personal character of the marriage relationship and the related rights and obligations resulting from the free-given grace of belonging to Christ.

Българският униатски архиепископ Йосиф Соколски в служба на руското правителство

Author(s): Petаr Gramatikov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

Joseph Sokolski was a supporter of the idea of independence of the Bulgarian church. At the same time, he was attracted to the union movement. Russian diplomacy is very worried about the union, seeing in it a threat to Russia's influence on the Bulgarian Orthodox Church and on the Bulgarian population in the Ottoman Empire. The Russian ambassador in Constantinople, Prince Lobanov, decided to kidnap Archbishop Joseph Sokolski from Constantinople.

Misionárske preklady Liturgie sv. Jána Zlatoústeho do jazykov pôvodných národov Ruského impéria

Author(s): Katarína Džunková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2024

The translations of the Divine Liturgy into the languages of the indigenous peoples of the Russian Empire were created by Russian missionaries, primarily in the nineteenth century. Their objective was to prevent a mass exodus from Orthodoxy to Islam or paganism and offer the local population a more comprehensive understanding of Christianity. The article expounds on this phenomenon within the context of the ongoing debate regarding the translation of the liturgy into Russian and other languages. The article en compass the translation of sacred texts into the Komi language by St. Stephen of Perm and addresses the circumstances in the early nineteenth century when emperors issued decrees mandating the translation of the liturgy. A pivotal moment emerged with the missionary principles of the orientalist N. I. Ilminsky in Kazan, advocating for the translation of texts into the vernacular. Ilminsky proposed using solely the Cyrillic alphabet and resorting to borrowings from Church Slavonic when necessary. Slavicism within Christian terminology has been researched in liturgical texts in Abkhazian, Altaic, Buryat, Chuvash, Yakut, Karelian, Komi, Mari, Tatar, and Udmurt. The article also discusses the translation into Komi, highlighting the rivalries among translators in that context.

Srbi u okolici Petrinje – historiografsko-etnografski pregled (I. dio)

Author(s): Filip Škiljan / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2024

Based on archival material, literature and narrators' testimonies, the author provides information about the elements of the national identity of the Serbs of the Petrinja region. In particular, it deals with the Orthodox religion and the narrator’s memories of everyday life during socialism, the last war (1991-1995) and the nowadays. The text also provides demographic data of Serbs population in the Petrinja region.

Radość i bunt. O „Macierzy” Marii Rodziewiczówny

Author(s): Ewa Graczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

The writer tells the story of a protagonist named Pokotynka, who, from being a despised prostitute, becomes a woman worthy of (also social) trust. This process has a very unexpected course because it is accompanied by an extraordinary duel of moments of rebellion and joy with depression and conformism. The main protagonist’s evolution is related to the transformations of other characters – her father and her lover, who also has a dark past. It is worth emphasizing the importance of nature in Rodziewiczówna’s text; her approach to nature is amazingly empathetic and close to us.

ДО ПИТАННЯ СЕМАНТИКИ МОНУМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ЖИВОПИСУ ЦЕРКВИ СПАСА НА БЕРЕСТОВІ 1643–1644 рр.

Author(s): Alina Kondratiuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2023

The purpose of the article is to analyse the literature and sources covering the issues of studying the ideological and artistic content of the monumental painting of the Church of the Saviour at Berestove of 1643–1644. The author's main focus is on revealing the semantics of the mural's subjects and interpreting the iconology of the monumental ensemble, which will allow us to determine the place of the monument in the context of the national spiritual and artistic culture of the first half of the seventeenth century. It is planned to characterise the ideological programme of the monumental painting of the Petro Mohyla era and to identify the main accents in the system of paintings. The research methodology is based on the application of a systematic approach, an analytical method, art history, historicalcomparative, historical-genetic, historical-systemic, and descriptive methods for a comprehensive consideration of the given problem and formulate well-founded conclusions. The scientific novelty is characterised by the fact that for the first time, based on a critical analysis of literature and sources, the need for a reliable semantic analysis of the monumental painting of the Church of the Saviour at Berestove of 1643-1644 was identified. Based on a thorough study of the features of the church's painting system, the leading artistic and visual themes are identified and a variant of the interpretation of the iconology of the monumental ensemble of the time of Petro Mohyla is proposed. Conclusions. Summarising, we should note, that in the process of analysing the system of paintings of the Church of the Saviour at Berestove, its integrity and the conditionality of all elements were noted. The nature of the images made it possible to identify the key areas that carry the greatest semantic and dogmatic load. The author identifies the leading theological themes in the system of paintings – the Incarnation and the Eucharistic Sacrifice – and outlines a number of subjects that represent these themes. It is noted that the theme of the Incarnation in Byzantine art acquired special significance after the victory of icon worship. The monumental ensemble of the Church of the Saviour of 1643-1644 was presented as a reminiscence of Macedonian Renaissance art. It was noted that the programmatic archaism of the system of paintings and a specific set of subjects were related to the actual tasks of the spiritual life of the time of Petro Mohyla.

Geschichte und Leben eines Textes: Über die Erklärung Zur Problematik der Aussiedlung der Sudetendeutschen aus 1995

Author(s): Ladislav Beneš / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2024

The article recalls the publication and historical context of the Declaration on the Question of the Expulsion of the Sudeten Germans, which was adopted as an official statement by the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren (ECCB) in 1995. The document dealt with the past and present of relations between Czechs and Germans, in particular with the expulsion of the Sudeten Germans from the Czechoslovak border regions after the Second World War. The ECCB’s declaration was intended to express the fact that the two nations caused each other considerable harm during this period. However, a common future is only possible through mutual reconciliation, forgiveness and a joint endeavour to overcome historical injustice. The creation of the declaration was a reaction to the context at the time, when the aim was to find a new way of co-operation between Czechs and Germans after the revolution of 1989. After forty years of communist rule in Czechoslovakia, mutual antipathy was once again widespread among the public. The Sudeten German Landsmannschaft was a key group in this respect. The authors of the Declaration on the Question of the Expulsion of the Sudeten Germans faced criticism, mainly because of historical inaccuracies or an alleged unnecessary humiliation of the Czechs towards the Germans. Nevertheless, the document was largely favourably received by the public and politicians and was gratefully received by the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD). Subsequently, the declaration was taken as inspiration for further work on the topic and, in cooperation with the EKD, a Protestant anthology on the subject was produced.

Архиепископията в Охрид по времето на Епирското деспотство

Author(s): Daniel Ziemann / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

This paper aims at showing how the archbishops of Ohrid, first and foremost Demetrios Chomatenos, tried to develop their own position at the cost of the patriarchs of Constantinople. Demetrios’ politics aimed at establishing Ohrid as one of the most important ecclesiastical centers in Europe’s Orthodox Church. These ambitions were tied to the political destiny of the Despotate of Epirus; its downfall buried the ambitions of Demetrios. But despite the radical political changes during that time, Ohrid retained its great importance for the Orthodox Church in Southeastern Europe in the following centuries.

Църковните епархии във Вардарска Македония между двете световни войни

Author(s): Ivan Yovchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

During the First World War and immediately after it, the dioceses of the Vardar part of Macedonia had changed their legal administrator several times. This phenomenon is probably caused by the rapidly changing political situation in the region. This means that the church structure and the management of a church area directly depends on the political situation in it and always the political element is stronger than the ecclesiastic one in the spiritual administration of a territory. So from 1920 (except years during the Second World War) to the present, the dioceses in Vardar Macedonia are under the jurisdiction of the Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC). Nowadays this fact raises lots of disputes and constant tensions between Serbia and Northern Macedonia.

Общностите на духа в Българското средновековие. Контури на един възможен тип изследователски обекти

Author(s): Dmitry Polyvyannnyy / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The article represents full written version of inaugural speech in occasion of conferring on the author the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa of Sofia University "St. Clement of Ochrid" delivered in the Aula on Мау, 28th, 2018. It goes to substantiate the notion of spiritual communities ( communities of Spirit) as а research object in medieval Bulgarian culture drawing together contemporary academic approach and medieval understanding of specific type communities, both imagined and really existing. The author reveals specific features of such communities against the background of the intellectual networking communities theory bу British sociologist Randall Collins, the research project "Complexities and Networks in the Medieval Mediterranean and the Near East- СОMMED" bу Austrian Academy of Science and the results of recent studies of Byzantine intellectual life.

Книгата „Чудотворни богородични икони на Света гора“ – опит за иконология на чудото

Author(s): Svetlana Stoycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The review of Miroslav Dachev's book “Miraculous Icons of the Theotokos on Mount Athos” (Athoniada Library Series, Volume 9, 2023) is focused on the semiotic analysis of the miraculous images of the Mother of God in the Theotokos on Mount Athos. To explain the essence of the miracle, the place, time, name, and voice of the miraculous icons of the Holy Mother are examined individually. Additionally, their photographic images are included in the dialogue among all of them – one of the greatest achievements of Dachev's analysis.

"Zakonik Danila Prvog" and Religious Identity: Orthodox Christianity in Montenegrin Legal Thought

Author(s): Srđan Mladenov Jovanović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2025

This article explores the Zakonik Danila Prvog (Code of Danilo I) as a foundational legal document that shaped Montenegrin governance and national identity by integrating Orthodox Christian values into the state’s legal framework. Established in 1855, the Zakonik reflected the influence of Orthodox Christianity on justice, morality, and public life, while also serving as a tool for asserting Montenegrin sovereignty against Ottoman and Catholic influences. The analysis investigates the deep interconnection between law, religion, and national identity, comparing the Zakonik with Eastern Orthodox canon law and highlighting its role in regulating religious life, family law, and public morality. Additionally, the article discusses the tensions between customary tribal laws and Christian doctrine and explores how non-Orthodox communities were governed under this legal framework. The broader implications of the Zakonik for Balkan legal and religious history are also examined.

РОД И РОДОСЛОВИЕ НА СВ. ПАИСИЙ ХИЛЕНДАРСКИ В РОДНОТО МУ МЯСТО – С. ДОСПЕЙ, САМОКОВСКО

Author(s): Nikola Kovachki / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 23/2024

The author retells from the first person the memories of Stana Gorgorova from the village of Dospey, Samokov municipality, about the origin, childhood, monasticism, and death of Panko Hristov Gorgorov, also from Dospey, who took the monastic name Paisiy. She claims that Panko Gorgorov and the famous Bulgarian revivalist Rev. Paisiy Hilendarski are the same person.

The Imperative of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia: Teachers to Fight Against Religious Education

Author(s): Soňa Gabzdilová,Milan Olejník / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The paper deals with a complex issue – the involvement of the teachers at primary educational institutions (the first [first to fourth grade] and second schools levels [fifth to ninth grade] at that time) in the anti-religious campaign – the campaign to sign children up for religious education, launched by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the early 1950s that escalated in the 1952/1953 school year. It refers to the fundamental postulate of the Communists in the field of school policy – to educate pupils in accordance with the ideological doctrine of Marxism-Leninism, including the inseparable component of atheism. The result of the educational process aimed to create a young generation with a materialistic worldview. In this context, the first step was to limit children's participation in religious education in the first and second levels of school. The study presents the policy of the ruling political party's attempt to achieve the lowest possible attendance of pupils in classes of religious education and the different steps that the communist regime used to achieve this goal. It analyzes the participation and attitudes of teachers in the campaign to enrol pupils in religious education and highlights the primary role of teachers, who played an indispensable part in that campaign. The campaign focused primarily on persuading parents not to enroll their children in classes of religious education. As civil servants, the teachers were used by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the pursuit of its goals. The paper points to the fact that school staff, similar to Slovak society as a whole, overwhelmingly supported a religious worldview, which was confirmed by the results of a census conducted in March 1950. It was therefore necessary to ‘re-educate and vet teachers'. In this context, the study discusses the various new forms of ‘education' of teachers in order to achieve the highest possible number of those in their ranks who would at least formally declare their atheistic position.

Catholic Parishes in the Face of Standards for the Protection of Minors

Author(s): Justyna Ciechanowska,Katarzyna Szwed / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze existing domestic regulations aimed at protecting minors from violence and strengthening respect for their rights. The authors focus on the obligations of Catholic Church parishes under the amended Act of 13 May 2016 on counteracting sexual offenses and on the protection of minors (i.e., Journal of Laws of 2024, item 560). The article highlights what should be included in the standards for the protection of minors and discusses who should undergo clean criminal record vetting, as well as the extent of such vetting for personnel who have contact with children.

Общуването с Бога в пословиците (върху материал от полската паремиология)

Author(s): Dimitrina Hamze / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The aim of the research is to provide motivation for the necessity of communication with God and to justify the generation of a specific type of Speech Acts (SAs), which involve a communicative triad: the producer and dual addressees – a real or virtual interlocutor and God, through a brief diachronic overview of some philosophical perspectives on the idea of God, based on material from Polish paremiology. The success of SAs is guaranteed by the presence of the Almighty, directly or indirectly invoked in SAs emanating from proverbs. This presence is presented in the study as part of the communicative roles of the Almighty: the Absolute Idea, the Absolute Ruler, the Absolute Truth, the Supreme Creator, and the Absolute Mystery. The subject’s inner imperative generates illocutionary impulses, demonstrating reverence, devotion, most often non-contradiction, and dedication to the Higher Power. The methods used include comparative, cognitive-analytical, semantic-pragmatic, and conceptual-prognostic ones.

Официални празници – реализации и трансформации. Из архивите на едно селско читалище

Author(s): Maria Kissikova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The establishment of a calendar of public holidays within nation-states gives expression to the national ideal, to the "values, merits and achievements" important for the affirmation of national identity. Looking at the normative and institutional order, draws attention to the framework set by the state and its supposed best possible realization. If we turn our attention to places and regions and look for records of the process, we can see how public holidays are celebrated and how national ideas reach people and communities. This study proposes a look at the archival documents of a village community center (focusing on the period from the 1930s to the 1980s) in an attempt to show how a local cultural and educational institution, charged with the duty of establishing and organizing the village holiday calendar, accomplished this task. In this way, local 'resistances' can be seen and our understanding of what actually happened in the official holiday calendar can be deepened.

енен принос към съвременната църковна и политическа история на България. Десислава Георгиева. Неврокопска епархия и Неврокопски митрополит Борис (1935–1948 г.) според архивните документи. Благоевград: Университетско издателство „Неофит Рилски"

Author(s): Kristina Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

Епископ Мојсеј (Вересић) и његова улога у решавању ,,Црквеног питања“ у Кнежевини Србији

Author(s): Miroslav Radovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2024

The period of the 19th century represents one of the most turbulent periods in the history of Serbian statehood. The Principality of Serbia, throughout the entire mentioned period, strove to win as favorable a position as possible on the international stage and made the centuries-old dream of state independence ever closer. Guided by the idea of German and Italian unification, the goal was to create a single South Slavic state in the Balkans. After the Berlin Congress, the independent Serbian state focused a lot of attention on its internal organization, which penetrated into every pore of society. The Serbian Orthodox Church could not remain a silent observer of the events in which the state found itself, and actively participated in them, often not sharing the ideals and viewpoints of the representatives of the state authorities. The Serbian Church made great efforts in realizing the idea of South Slavic Piedmont and shaping the Serbian national idea. Within this work, special attention will be paid to Bishop Moisej (Veresić) and his activity and role in the years of not so harmonious relations between the Serbian state and the Church, known in history as the “Church question”. Bishop Moisej was the bishop of Šabac, Negotin, and then the administrator of the metropolis for a short period of time from 1881 to 1883. After completing the administrative function to which he was called, he replaced his episcopal robes with the robes of a state councilor, from which he later retired. The personality of Bishop Moses managed to unite church and state service, which is almost a unique case in our rich history. All of the above therefore deserves special attention in elucidating his intentions and actions.