MODALITĂŢI DE COMUNICARE UTILIZATE DE TRIBUNALELE INCHIZITORIALE

Author(s): Mihai Floroaia / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Considering that, throughout history, no theme has been so impressive and interpreted in such a variety as that of the Inquisition, in this study I will explain some issues regarding the ways of communication of people involved in this phenomenon, both clergy as laity. As sources of research on ways of communication we have the collections of laws and decrees, papal bulls, church canons, council acts, monastic annals, histories of local communities and abbeys, minutes of trials, sentences of inquisitorial trials, biographies of bishops, popes, various panegyric etc.

Vechi cărţi bisericeşti semnalate de Zamfir Arbore În Dicţionarul Geografic al Basarabiei la începutul veacului al XX‑lea

Author(s): Sergiu Tabuncic / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

În cazul lui Zamfir Arbore – mare personalitate istorică, militant împotriva monarhismului imperial rus şi luptător pentru unirea Basarabiei – recursul la trecut s‑a impus ca o necesitate, ca o întreprindere cu adevărat benefică, de revigorare a memoriei ştiinţifice a vremurilor în care a trăit, vremuri construite pe verticala devenirii naţionale moderne. În acest sens, Dicţionarul geografic al Basarabiei1, pe care l‑a publicat în anul 1904, a marcat un imperativ în acelaşi timp istoriografic, politic şi naţional, majoritatea covârşitoare a informaţiilor cuprinse în această lucrare fiind valabile şi astăzi, prin calitatea de adevăr ştiinţific.

Koliko se (ne)poznajemo toliko smo tolerantni? Muslimanke i muslimani o sebi i drugima u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Zilka Spahić Šiljak / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

U ovom radu analiziramo koliko studentice i studenti koji se deklariraju kao muslimanke i muslimani poznaju sebe i svoju religijsku tradiciju, koliko prakticiraju islam, ali i koliko poznaju druge religijske tradicije u svom okruženju te kakve stavove imaju o svojim komšijama katolicima, pravoslavnim, jevrejima i onima koji se izjašnjavaju kao ateisti i agnostici. Građani Bosne i Hercegovine uglavnom žive u etnički i religijski podijeljenim i homogenim sredinama i mladi se socijaliziraju i obrazuju u takvom okruženju, uz religijsko konfesionalno obrazovanje koje pohađa većina djece. Sociološko istraživanje pod nazivom ”Koliko se poznajemo” ima za cilj pokazati da li u kojoj mjeri nepoznavanje vlastite a posebno religije/konfesije drugoga doprinosi socijalnog distanci, te da li je to prepreka dijalogu i izgradnji kulture mira. Stupanj religioznosti mladih je analiziran kroz ideološku, obrednu i intelektualnu dimenziju, kako bi se utvrdilo koja je razina religijske pismenosti. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju koje vrste autostereotipa muslimanke i muslimani imaju o sebi, uglavnom pozitivnih, u odnosu na druge, ali i koje vrste heterostereotipa imaju prema svojim komšijama. U konačnici, koliko muslimani kao najbrojniji u BiH (50,7 procenata ukupne populacije) pokazuju socijalnu distancu prema svojim komšijama jevrejima, katolicima i pravoslavnim, ali nereligioznim osobama, i koliko to utječe na njihovu opredijeljenost za prihvaćanje različitosti, a ne samo pasivnu toleranciju?

TEACHING THE ORTHODOX RELIGION IN SCHOOLS FROM THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA: CURRENT CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES

Author(s): Viorica Goraș-Postică / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study addresses the issue of teaching Orthodox Religion in general education from the Republic of Moldova, at the current stage, in the vision of teachers. For this purpose, a questionnaire of composite items was applied, which identified the strengths and vulnerabilities of the teaching process. Being an optional subject in the curriculum and not enjoying teaching traditions in the context of public education, Religion is not a priority for the vast majority of educational actors. In this sense, the interest and motivation of students and parents are to be educated, and the saving mission of the Faith and the Church to be promoted. The conclusions of the study can contribute to the improvement of educational policies, but also to the awareness of decision makers, including school administrations, on which depends, in general, the fate of our discipline.

RUGĂCIUNEA LA PREADOLESCENŢII ŞI ADOLESCENŢII FORMAŢI ÎNTR-UN MEDIU TEOLOGIC. STUDIU DE CAZ

Author(s): Monica Opriş,Dorin Opriş / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The article includes the main results of a research that used the questionnaire-based survey as a method of collecting data from students aged 13-19 years, from the Orthodox Theological Seminary "Saint Simion Stefan" in Alba Iulia. The research did not include students from high school classes with a theological vocational profile and benefited from 237 responses to the questionnaire administered online. The analysis of the data shows that education in a theological environment trains students including aspects related to the pedagogy of prayer. Also, the data of our research show that through an education that values the role of personal prayer and of common prayer in the church, the differences according to gender in relation to prayer (motivations, states of mind that generate it, effects over time) decrease considerably. At the same time, the data show that girls pray more than boys, have a greater capacity to show gratitude to God for the help received, and feel the peace of mind that personal prayer provides to a greater extent than they do.

CONSIDERATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES FOR A SPIRITUAL (RE)RENEWAL OF THE CONTEMPORARY FAMILY

Author(s): Gavril Trifa / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Research related to family issues shows the importance of this educational institution in human life. Viewed by society more and more often as an individual, it becomes increasingly difficult for the church to form and develop the consciousness of man as a person capable of relating not only to those around him (family members or, more broadly, society), but also to himself, and especially to God. The challenges coming from society find less and less resistance to preserving the morality of the family, even among the parents, so, from our point of view, this is where the process of spiritual renewal should begin, by valuing on Orthodox Christian foundations the institution of the family, of the spouses in relation to each other, the parents’ valorisation of their own children's chastity before marriage and fidelity to each other within it.

ORTHODOX EDUCATION AT CHURCH AND SCHOOL: TRAINING IN VALUES AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Author(s): Velina Toneva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Research on contemporary innovative pedagogical practices of Bulgarian parochial education relies on insufficient and inconsistent data. Every church community has responsibility and system of teaching its parish Orthodox values with regard of human rights. Church instruction of children, youth, and adults is not a process of provoking anything incompatible with human rights and social peace. Nevertheless, critical circumstances in last several years demonstrated that such tendencies can appear, when both flocks and pastors are under enormous pressure. Still, in my dissertation we have chosen methodologically not to focus on any negative aspects of the problems of Bulgarian Orthodox schooling and catechetic instruction at churches during last several decades. Scholarly objectiveness also requires that we are aware of obstacles, and stay optimistic, adequate, reflexive, analytical, and systematic, oriented to the future and the better, according to values, and keep building good perspectives and relations. Human rights defence can only support our church subculture within traditional local culture.

Man as co-creator Theological presuppositions of the ethics of reproduction

Author(s): Vantsos Miltiadis / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

While God is the creator and giver of life, man can become co-creator in having offspring by following His command to “increase and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it” (Gen 1: 28). Man's synergy in the creation of life is expressed by the free will of the future parents and is reflected in the resemblance between the parents and the child, due to the laws of heredity. Parenthood is therefore not determined solely by God, but it is also shaped by man based on his personal desires and goals. At the same time the notion of man as a cocreator indicates that his reproductive freedom should be in accordance with divine providence and wisdom. Therefore, procreation should not only be understood as a personal right, but also as a significant responsibility, both towards God and the child who comes into existence. The theological understanding of man as co-creator allow us to come to some conclusions regarding the ethics of termination of the unborn human life through abortion, and the human desire to overcome the obstacle of infertility through the methods of assisted reproduction.

The contribution of the Patriarchate of Romania at the beginning of preparation of the Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church (1902-1932)

Author(s): Ioannis Ladas / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church is admittedly one of the most important Orthodox ecclesiastical events of the 21st cent. The Council’s 2016 convening was finally made possible after a very long and arduous preparatory process of circa 93 years, in which process the Patriarchate of Romania appears to have played an important and constructive role. In fact, the Church of Romania, in 1920, shortly before the official preparation begins, dispatched Prof. Dragomir Demetrescu to the Ecumenical Patriarchate with the mandate to exchange views on the possibility of convoking a “Council of the Orthodox Churches”, and to propose potential issues to be considered in such a Council. Since then, the Church of Romania has responded positively to all the relevant invitations of the Great Church of Constantinople and participated constructively in all the preparatory bodies and phases of the Holy and Great Council, while the Romanian Primates - from Patriarch Myron to Patriarch Daniel - demonstrated a profound synodical awareness and fought devotedly for the unity and cooperation of the Orthodox Churches. The current article has a double scope: on the one hand, it presents the historical contribution of the Patriarchate of Romania at the beginning of preparation of the Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church, and on the other hand, it attempts to evaluate it.

Преводът на латински християнски произведения на български език – въпроси и предизвикателства

Author(s): Rosen Milanov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

There are specific questions concerning the translation of the Latin Christian literature into Bulgarian. In the first place, the choice of valuable works for translation. Next, the correct rendering of the names of the authors and the titles of the works, the translation of the biblical texts inside of the patristic works and, most importantly, the degree of free translation. The choice of an actual work for translation and the method of presentation – totally or in an anthology, are also very significant. Which are the most remarkable works of Latin Christian literature, whose translations have potential to become masterpieces? And which are the rules for the creation of a great translation? Answers to these questions are given in the following article.

Výtvarné hodnoty a ideogram na kovaných krížoch na sakrálnych objektoch v okolí Bardejova

Author(s): Martin Mešša / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

In north-east Slovakia, complex as well as simply-forged crosses have survived at sacral buildings and in museum collections. Craftsmanship and artistic sense of the blacksmiths in the 17th to 19th century made from forged crosses, placed on churches, bell towers and chapels an interesting picture of folk plastic art, which however was conditioned by theological teaching, regulated, and controlled by church dignitaries. The basic types of crosses are enriched by a lot of other symbols and signs crafted as one unit. Some forged crosses can be found at their original place and in their original function even today, some others are not complete, or crosses of the basic shape replaced them later, because the signs and symbols gradually lost their importance in human mind or because the Christian learning and its interpretation changed. The basic types of crosses, the signs used and the symbolism of the crosses and combinations thereof say something about the time of their origin. The applied signs created an ideogram, but mostly more ideograms connected into one unit. Every forged cross not only is a set of signs or ideograms, but – to a certain extent – also an artistic element making the whole building complete.

Литература и богословие в „COMMONITORIUM“ на Св. Винценций Лерински

Author(s): Rosen Milanov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

One of the saints of the Lérins islands (modern day France) is St. Vincent of Lérins († after 434). He is the author of the very significant work Commonitorium (in two books). Commonitorium is esteemed from Antiquity till today in the West as well as in the East. The reason for this is its theological value and the important thoughts therein concerning authority in the Church and the principles of development of the Christian doctrine. However, Commonitorium possesses other qualities as well – literary and especially spiritual. The language of Vincent of Lérins is not artificial; at the same time, there are many beautiful similes and antitheses in his essay. Furthermore, the subject-matter of Commonitorium is topical even now and it has special meaning for the life of each Christian today. Commonitorium is a testament to the possibility that the Christian church can express its truths in an exceptionally fascinating way.

Елинското училище в Търново и православният клир през първата половина на XIX век

Author(s): Vladimir Vladov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Publication Year: 0

The present study deals with an important point in the history of the educational activities in the old capital city of Turnovo, namely the opening of a Hellenic school in 1821. The analysis of the data of its chronicle reveals the significant role of the Orthodox clergy, headed by the bishop of Turnovo, in relation to the establishment, organization and maintenance of the school. By the middle of the 19th c. it was not only the most authoritative centre of education in the city but it also had a leading role in the public and economic life of the Bulgarians.

L'iconostase comme seuil : lexique, symbolique et significations

Author(s): Dumas Felicia / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This paper proposes a semantical, anthropological and semiological approach to the iconostasis of the Orthodox churches, defined as a threshold between the nave and the sanctuary, between the visible world of the worshippers and the invisible world of the heavenly powers and God. The paper considers a lexical-semantic study of two nouns used in French to refer to this dividing wall, as well as other words (and phrases) which designate other elements of the architectural ensemble which compose the iconostasis; this semantical study will be accompanied by a semiological analysis of the symbolism of the iconostasis (based on the works of liturgical hermeneutics) and of the the liturgical gestures which the iconostasis determines and guides from a semiological point of view, supported by a corpus of notes recorded in France and in Romania (during the liturgical practice) and by a few theological works.

Les dictionnaires bilingues comme seuils interculturels

Author(s): Maria-Alexandra DRUȚU / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

For religious and cultural reasons, from the 2nd Millennium onwards, lexicographic activity has experienced very significant development. If the first dictionaries in the West were the threshold for the understanding of religious texts, later, with the more and more frequent exchanges between East and West, bilingual dictionaries appeared, this time as a cultural threshold, with a modern language as the main language and emphasizing technical terminology rather than religious terminology. In our paper we will briefly present the evolution of dictionaries and then identify some specialty papers on religious terminology in Romanian and French. We will focus on the issue of translations from Romanian into French in the manner presented by Felicia Dumas in her papers, as well as the threshold represented by specialty dictionaries in religious translations, when talking about the representation of the Orthodox Christian religion in the French language. We will also present a comparative analysis between two French-Romanian bilingual dictionaries published in different centuries, to feature the threshold between the past and the present and the way in which the religious terms of an old dictionary are still taken up in another more recent one, despite developments and trends to remove them throughout history.

« Liturgie », Chișinău, 1815 : seuil vers les livres roumains en Moldavie

Author(s): Maria-Lucreţia Cazac / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The main cultural threshold to Romanian books from the Bessarabian space is represented by religious texts. These constitute the link between the Romanian background and the new historical context of Russian origin of the 19th century. These texts have had a dual role in the maintenance and development of Christianity on the one hand, and in the propagation of cult variants of the Romanian literary language on the other. This study will analyse the first Romanian book produced in this political framework dominated by the Russian Empire, a liturgical book printed by the Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni in 1815, in Chișinău. The Liturgy is written in Cyrillic script, in Romanian, but it strictly followed the compositional structure and formal organization of Russian books.

Катенните коментари на Св. Кирил Александрийски върху книга на пророк Исайя: преславското наследство в среднобългарска и руска редакция

Author(s): Stilyana Batalova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article discusses some scholia by St. Cyril of Alexandria from the Greek Catena on the Book of Prophet Isaiah in comparison with the Preslav translation according to several representatives of the two Slavonic manuscript traditions – the Middle Bulgarian (F.I. 461 from the Russian National Library in Saint Petersburg) and the Russian ones (Mss. Chudovski 182, 183 and 184 from the State Historical Museum in Moskow and Ms. 89 and Ms. 90 from the Collection of the Troitse-Sergieva Laura). The parallels between the Greek and Slavonic manuscript traditions make it possible to draw the following conclusions. The complex Slavonic tradition should be explored because the Middle Bulgarian manuscript tradition is incomplete and represents only a part of the Preslav translation, and the conclusions made on its basis are incomplete. The parallel study of the Slavonic translation with samples from the Greek Catеnae shows that it is insufficient to work only with the full text of the commentary in Patrologia Graeca, as some translation decisions in Slavonic can be explained only by the Greek source used. The study of the scholia by St. Cyril of Alexandria in Slavonic translation, as well as the study of the scholia by Theodulus and John Chrysostom, point to the possibility that the Slavonic translation represents unknown or today unpreserved abbreviated version of the Greek catena.

Чудото на Богородица с каещия се иконом Теофил от Адан (BHG 1319 – 1320, 1322) – среднобългарски превод от XIV век

Author(s): Johannes Reinhart / Language(s): Bulgarian,German,Old Slavonic Publication Year: 0

Особая редакция службы Свт. Николаю в двух болгарских минеях XIV век

Author(s): Victoria Legkikh / Language(s): English,Russian Publication Year: 0

The subject of this paper is version of the service to St. Nicholas of Myra in two Bulgarian menaions of the 14th century. One is taken from the collection of the National Library of Russia and another one so called “Dragan’s menaion” is taken from the collection of the Zograf monastery. The service in the both menaions demonstrates the brevity of the composition. This composition is different from the version of the Russian menaions of the 12th – 14th centuries. The composition of services for both Bulgarian menaions is almost identical but there is an important difference – there are different canons with the same kontakion and ikos. Both canons are not known by other traditions. The canon of the Dragan’s menaion is particularly interesting. The origin of this canon undoubtedly goes back to an old one, since it keeps the second second Ode. The images and lexical material also show its antiquity. The paper is devoted to the analysis of this services and in particularly of the canon of Dragan’s menaion.

Славянският превод на постническите слова на Св. Василий Велики

Author(s): Petko Petkov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article examines the Slavonic translation of the Asceticon Magnum and the ascetical sermons of St. Basil the Great, which can be found in the manuscript No. 3 from the library of the Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos. There are described the morphological and lexical features of this important text and also is presented the reception of this translation in the Slavic Middle Ages.