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Rosja jako mocarstwo w regionie Euro-Pacyfiku

Author(s): Bogdan Panek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6.1/2015

This article presents the changes of Russian foreign policy toward East Asia, which began during the presidency of Vladimir Putin in the second half of 2000. Author tried to answer the following questions: What were the determinants of a sharp turn in Russia’s foreign policy in the Far East? What are the objectives of Moscow’s foreign policy towards the region? How and why the crisis in Ukraine has to get closer cooperation between two hostile to each other countries? What is the interest of the Russia Federation and the Republic of China?

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A Comparative Analysis of the Development of Security Narratives in Ukraine and Russia

Author(s): Holger Mölder / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2017

Contemporary security narratives reflect the public understanding of security matters and expectations and the best way to translate this information to a wider audience. Arun Kundnani writes: “Narratives are the stories we tell ourselves and others about the world in which we live.” Shaul R. Shenkiv adds: “Examinations of political discourse show that it relies extensively on narrative patterns. This is partly the result of the human tendency to rely on narrative as a way of understanding the world and endowing it with meaning.”

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Revoluția română la bilanț

Author(s): Alex Cistelecan,Cristian Nichitean,Dan Marian Ungureanu,Dana Domsodi,Claudiu Gaiu,Gabriel Chindea,Gáspár Miklós Tamás,Jürgen Habermas,Sheldon S. Wolin,Michael Frederich Bartel / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10-11/2019

The main dossier of the issue brings to the reader s attention the view upon the events that took place 30 years ago, during the Romanian Revolution.

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Kilka słów o systemie szkolnictwa w Finlandii

Author(s): Marta Noińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

The article describes the structure and the key assumptions of the education system in Finland, taking into account the characteristics of each separate level of education. The author compares the Finnish and the Polish school systems in order to to determine whether and what elements could be used to enhance education in Poland. This problem seems to be particularly relevant in the light of the current debates about the education reform in Poland. The article can be treated as a voice in the discussion on the future shape of Polish education.

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KARŞILAŞTIRMALI YEREL YÖNETİMLER: TÜRKİYE ve İNGİLTERE ÖRNEKLERİ

Author(s): Hikmetcan Gülcüoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 45/2020

This study compares England and Turkey in relation to their policies toward strenghtening decentralized governments as of 2019. Even though these two countries differ from each other in terms of their development levels, their histories and current level of democracy, when specific comparisons are made, some meaningful results can be reached out. Most important commonality of these two countries at this date must be their radical change in foreign policy towards the Europe, which caused some similar negative consequences for the decentralisation processes of each country.

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HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL AGREEMENTS: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES

Author(s): Joseph E. Harrington / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This article compares the European Union and the United States with respect to competition law and enforcement practices as it pertains to agreements among competitors in a market (horizontal) and agreements among firms in a supply chain (vertical). Regarding horizontal agreements, the primary difference in the law is the ability of the competition authority to bring a criminal case in the U.S. and a more subtle difference is the presence of concerted practices in the EU. Enforcement differs in the far more active role of private litigation in the U.S. The differences are greater when one turns to vertical agreements. Though the EU provides safe harbors for vertical agreements, something which is absent in the U.S., it is abundantly clear that the U.S.is more lenient in the law and in enforcement. Also provided is a discussion of some recent departures between the U.S. and EU.

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THE EFFECT OF HOUSEHOLD AND CORPORATE LOANS ON CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES

Author(s): Egzona Hani Selimi,Milan Eliskovski / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The economic literature indicates that the loans relative to GDP in the economy, are important factors that influence the current account movements in a country. Therefore, the purpose of this study is estimating and then quantifying the effects that household and corporate loans have on the current account balance in the Western Balkan countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey). The expectations are that different kind of borrowers might vary in terms of the use of loans and thus might have different effects on macroeconomic variables. The results are obtained by estimating a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and they imply that household loans have negative effect on the current account balance, while there is evidence that corporate loans have positive effect for some countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina and North Macedonia) and negative effect on the external balance for the rest of the countries. The findings in this paper coincide with the ex-ante expectations, given the import pressures that household loans might induce and the positive/negative impact that corporate loans might have on the overall productivity and competitiveness of the economy.

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Federalizam i konsocijacija u ustavnom sistemu BiH

Author(s): Goran Marković / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 38/2019

Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the few complete consociational federal states. Under the „complete“ consociational federation I deem the one which contains all or almost all features of the federation and consociational democracy. The ethnic federalism can't be considered as the equivalent of the consociational federation. Other ethnic federations, with the exception of Belgium, could be at best understood as semi-consociational federations. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the federalism is complemented with consociational principles, not only regarding the composition of the institutions, but also, which is particularly important, regarding the methods of decision-making. It is hard to achieve consequent realization of all principles of the federation and consociation. This was the problem which the constitution-maker in Bosnia and Herzegovina had to face with. The general conclusion, drawn after the analysis of the composition, method of election, and method of decision-making of the institutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, is that the principles of consociation dominate over the principles of federation, although this conclusion is not without exceptions.

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Direct Democracy and the Rise of Political Entrepreneurs: An Analysis of Citizens' Initiatives in Post-2010 Croatia

Author(s): Darlo Čepo,Dario Nikić Čakar / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2019

The last decade saw a rise in the use of direct democracy in Croatia. The proliferation of citizens' initiatives and referendums was meant to activate politically passive citizens and to strengthen their role as controllers of the executive. Our research, based on the qualitative analysis of the legal framework on citizens' initiatives and referendums in Croatia, as well as post-2010 initiatives, showed that this was not the case. Instead, political and social entrepreneurs, both long established, like trade unions, and newly formed, like conservative civil society organizations, used the tools of direct democracy to promote their particular anti-minority, anti-government or anti-establishment agendas. They succeeded in both constraining the power of the elite through the process of getting to the referendum and wresting control over the agenda-setting process post hoc. The added value of this paper lies in showing that citizens' initiatives can succeed in getting their demands met even when they are not successful in organizing referendums, which is due to weaknesses in the legal framework surrounding referendums and initiatives.

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Change or continuity? Exploring post-revolution state - building in Ukraine and Armenia

Author(s): Aram Terzyan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The paper focuses on the post-Maidan and post-Velvet Revolution state-building in Ukraine and Armenia. Examining the cases of Ukraine and Armenia, the qualitative, comparative analysis presented in this paper uncovers some of the similarities and differences between the two post-Soviet revolutions in terms of their political and economic implications. The study suggests that, while the revolutions have given a strong impetus to political and economic reforms in oligarchy-driven and corruption-stricken Ukrainian and Armenian societies, the path to ultimate success involves overcoming the authoritarian legacy and developing democratic institutions. The analysis of the relationship between domestic change and foreign policy shows that in contrast to Ukraine, where the “choice for Europe” was the core rationale behind the Euromaidan, the domestic change in Armenia has not led to foreign policy shifts. Nevertheless, this study avoids reductionist explanations of external drivers of change. Rather, it treats the domestic actors as the key agents to transform the economic and political landscapes of the two post-Soviet countries.

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UE - Ukraina: wokół europejskich aspiracji Kijowa. Wybrane aspekty z uwzględnieniem perspektywy niemieckiej

Author(s): Michał M. Kosman / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

The goals of the article are to discuss Ukraine’s aspirationsfor rapprochement with the European Union, especially after the „OrangeRevolution” in 2004, and in the context of the conflict with Russiaover Crimea and eastern Ukraine that began in 2014. In addition, tooutline of Germany’s position toward the conflict and Ukraine’s relationswith the EU. The author attempts to resolve the problem of Ukraine’schances of joining the Union in a predictable perspective. First of all,scientific and press publications, as well as European Union documentswere used.

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Edukacja jako przedmiot zainteresowań polskich partii politycznych w drugim dziesięcioleciu XXI w. Analiza wybranych programów wyborczych

Author(s): Ewelina Malendowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

The aim of this article is to reflect on the pluralism of plansand projects of the school education system in Poland at the end of thesecond decade of the 21st century and the positions of political partiesregarding reforms of children’s and youth education. The hypothesisof the research in the article is the assumption that the electoral programmesof Polish political parties are characterized by a plurality ofeducational visions. They often are proposals for reforms adapting educationto the tasks of the modern economy, market and social changes. Theresearch method used in the article is the analysis of source documents,i.e. political party programmes, as well as their comparative analysis.The programmes of 14 political parties, valid in the second decade ofthe 21st century, were analyzed. These were in the order: DemocraticLeft Alliance (SLD), Labor Union (UP), Polish Labor Party – August 80(PPP-S’80), Party Together, Spring, Green Party, Polish People’s Party(PSL), Democratic Party (SD), Civic Platform (PO), Modern Party, Lawand Justice (PiS), Coalition of the Restoration of the Republic Freedomand Hope (KORWiN), Right Wing of the Republic, National Movement(RN).

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Robert Luft, Miloš Havelka und Stefan Zwicker (Hrsg.), Zivilgesellschaft und Menschenrechte im östlichen Europa. Tschechische Konzepte der Bürgergesellschaft im historischen und nationalen Vergleich

Author(s): Natali Stegmann / Language(s): German Issue: 3/2015

Review of: Zivilgesellschaft und Menschenrechte im östlichen Europa. Tschechische Konzepte der Bürgergesellschaft im historischen und nationalen Vergleich. Hrsg. von Robert Luf t , Miloš Havelka und Stefan Zwicker . (Veröffentlichungen des Collegium Carolinum, Bd. 109.) Vanderhoeck & Ruprecht. Göttingen 2014. 343 S. ISBN 978-3-525-37306-4. (€ 69,99.). Reviewed by Natali Stegmann.

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DÜNYADA SAĞLIK KURUMLARINDAN MEMNUNİYET ve TÜRKİYE’DE COVID-19 KRİZ SÜRECİ

Author(s): İbrahim Bora Oran / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 46/2020

All healthcare service activities whose primary aim is to protect and improve the health are a part of the healthcare system. The primary objective of the quality healthcare systems is to provide people not to get sick. Performing the diagnosis and treatments of people comes to the forefront as the second objective in case they get sick despite all efforts showed. The last objective is to provide the rehabilitation facilities for enabling people to maintain their life without looking to somebody if they become in need of nursing of other people. The healthcare services become a Professional team work entailing cooperation and any fault is not accepted. Inadequate healthcare services may lead to big social problems. The healthcare businesses are businesses in which healthcare service demand is determined by physicians, which require qualified personnel who is ready for any kind of service at any time and where service is provided by the characteristics of diseases experienced. One of the most important responsibilities of the healthcare system is to protect the people from financial losses to be caused by diseases. Showing the best performance in such matters depends on the achievement of total quality management in the healthcare systems. At this point, the importance of patient satisfaction comes out. The struggle shown in the countries due to Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic experienced all over the World in recent months lead the opinions about the structure of the healthcare system to be established. General analyses are performed within the scope of this study where the globalizing pandemic crisis by rapidly spreading and the healthcare strategies pursued in Turkey are discussed as an example country.

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Hans-Jürgen Bömelburg u.a. (Hrsg.), Die Teilungen Polen-Litauens. Inklusions- und Exklusionsmechanismen – Traditionsbildung – Vergleichsebenen

Author(s): Christoph Augustynowicz / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2015

Review of: Die Teilungen Polen-Litauens. Inklusions- und Exklusionsmechanismen – Traditionsbildung – Vergleichsebenen. Hrsg. von Hans-Jürgen Bömelburg, Andreas Gestrich und Helga Schnabel - Schüle . fibre. Osnabrück 2013. 416 S., Kt. ISBN 978-3-938400-64- 7. (€ 36,–.). Reviewed by Christoph Augustynowicz.

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Finansal Piyasalar Arasındaki Uzun Dönem Çapraz Korelasyon İlişkisi: Türkiye ile BRICS Ülkeleri Örneği

Author(s): Ayşegül İŞCANOĞLU ÇEKİÇ,Havva Gültekin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 04/2019

In the study the cross correlations between Turkey stock market volatility and the stock market volatilities of BRICS countries are investigated in the period from February 3, 2012 to June 1, 2018. This study contributes to the literature by employing the MF-X-DMA method to analyse the effect of stock market volatilities of the BRICS countries to the Turkish stock market. Emprical results show that cross correlations between volatilities of Turkey-Brazil, volatilities of Turkey-Russia, volatilities of Turkey-India, volatilities of Turkey-China and volatilities of Turkey-South Africa have strong multifractal features. Moreover, the effects of small and large shocks in cross correlations are persistant in the long run.

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The price of power

Author(s): Pavel Usov / Language(s): English Issue: 03 (41)/2020

Many of the post-Soviet countries, especially in Eastern Europe, experienced revolutionary moments after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Some saw them more than once: Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia. Almost all of these states have tried to implement the difficult, and at times dramatic, process of establishing democracy and getting closer to the European Union and other western structures. In Belarus a fossilised conservative system, which impedes its political and economic development, has been preserved, maintaining the republic in Russia’s sphere and under its influence.

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20 years of NATO’s flagship Multinational Corps Northeast

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20 years of NATO’s flagship Multinational Corps Northeast

Author(s): Jakub Bornio,Sławomir Wojciechowski / Language(s): English Issue: 03 (41)/2020

An interview with Lieutenant General Sławomir Wojciechowski from NATO’s Multinational Corps Northeast. Interviewer: Jakub Bornio

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Populist Communication in the Post-Truth Age: A Comparative Analysis of Treatment of Journalists by Donald Trump and Aleksandar Vučić

Author(s): Milica Kulić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The populist communication model of perceiving journalists as “the enemies of the state”, presented in the political communication of the 45th US President Donald Trump, seems to be not only reserved for the US but has become a trend for populist leaders worldwide. Such rhetoric has been revitalized by the recent rise of populism in Western Europe, fostered in Central and Eastern Europe and recognized in the local media landscape in Serbia. This paper compares the communication models of US President Donald Trump and the Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić as directed toward journalists. The results show that these leaders use a similar communication pattern: they favour divisive issues, stressing a friendly vs. unpatriotic media, alienating the media outlets and contributing to the further polarisation in media and society. This research is based on a qualitative analysis of 12 press conferences, including media statements chosen for their unique interactions with media representatives.

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The Influence of Political Culture on Democracy in Parliamentary and Semi-Presidential Systems

Author(s): Romeo Terolli / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The governing systems are affected by how a country develops the elements of the political culture. Political culture differs from the approaches, recognitions, assessments or interpretations that are made to the political system itself. The measuring indicators of political culture are freedom, equality, democracy, civil rights, and individual responsibility. Political culture is influenced by a country’s political, economic and historical conditions, but the way the government systems approach the political culture varies from country to country. The purpose of this research paper is to compare the impact of the political culture of two democratic but no similar governing systems. The first system is the system of the parliamentary republic where the case study will be the Republic of Albania and the second system is the semi-presidential system where the case study will be the Republic of France. The methodology used in this paper is the qualitative comparative analysis. Qualitative analysis will provide preliminary research information for both countries being studied. The comparison of political systems will be carried out through the indicators of political culture, which will be provided by the evaluation of the indices of international institutions. The semi presidential system of the Republic of France turns out to have the highest indicators of political culture. Measuring indicators such as democracy, civil rights, political rights, and equality show stability in the democracy of this country. Indicators for the Republic of Albania have significant differences in comparison to the Republic of France. Based on the study, it is concluded that the political culture has not managed to consolidate democracy in the parliamentary Republic of Albania.

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