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Usklađenost propisa o zaštiti osoba sa duševnim smetnjama Federacije BiH sa međunarodnim dokumentima

Author(s): Adisa Mehić,Snježana Bodnaruk / Language(s): Bosnian

In International law, the status of persons with mental disabilities is regulated within the framework on the protection of persons with disabilities. Their rights are protected not only by international treaties comprising legal provisions of binding character for the parties but also by means of the so-called “soft law“ comprising international documents which are not legaly binding. Most of the general and subject-specific treaties on human rights do not explicitly deal with the status of persons with disabilities. Only recently have some treaties been made containing legal provisions on special protection of persons with disabilities. The most important treaty of this kind is the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted in the year 2006. The protection of such persons is regulated in much more detail by “soft law“ which includes a number of documents adopted by the UN, the Council of Europe and the European Union. Although most of these documents primarily pertain to the rights and the status of persons with disabilities, there are a few that exclusively deal with the protection of persons with mental disorder. In this paper we present an overview of compliance of regulations of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the protection of persons with mental disorders with international documents in this area. The focus will be the Law on Protection of Persons with Mental Disorders which regulates the basic principles, organization and implementation of measures for the protection of this category of patients. In this regard the paper aims to determine the level of compliance and find out whether the current legal framework of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is sufficient for quality protection of persons with mental disorders. Also it is important to identify legal issues that still need to be improved in terms of international regulations as well as with jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and views and recommendations of the Council of Europe.

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LANDSCAPING THE MEDIA MARKET AND IDEOLOGICAL POSITIONING

Author(s): Igor Munteanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

News-making is a powerful instrument for shaping public sentiment. We have attempted to map the Moldovan media in order to highlight its variety. Three factors were considered in positioning the various media outlets on the chart: (1) Are the media outlets state owned or privately owned? (2) Do they broadcast in Russian or in Romanian? (3) Do they use cultural/ geopolitical framing? Ownership data is publicly available, but the rest of the information was gleaned by surveying the editorial line of each media outlet.

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CASE STUDY: LATE-NIGHT SHOWS ON PERVIY KANAL AND DISCREDITATION OF WESTERN POLITICAL LEADERS

Author(s): Sigita Struberga / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This case study looks at how Russian television uses humour as a support mechanism for strategic communications with its audience, specifically on the issue of Western leaders, and endeavours to determine the essence of the core message. To do this, various Russian Perviy Kanal (Первый Канал/ Channel One) entertainment broadcasts specializing in comedy will be analysed.

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CASE STUDY: KVN

Author(s): Solvita Denisa-Liepniece / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This case study examines the KVN (Klub Vesyeliykh i Nakhodchivikh) TV show. This is the “post-1991 version of the Soviet-era show KVN, which achieved cult status among students, spawning a nationwide competition with teams from every Soviet republic competing against each other in leagues, forming panels of experts with socio-political satire skills”. KVN could be considered a phenomenon, having extended beyond being a TV show, it presents concerts in cities and runs local competitions in schools.

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USE OF HUMOUR FOR SOLIDARITY, DENIGRATION AND STRESS-RELIEF IN THE UKRAINIAN MEDIA DURING THE RUSSIAN AGGRESSION IN 2014-2016

Author(s): Maksym Kyiak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Ukraine is a unique case for study as far as the use of humour as a strategic communication tool is concerned. Russia launched a massive information war against another country. During the first months after the annexation of Crimea and the war in Eastern Ukraine, there was no unified or coordinated approach to countering Russian propaganda. Furthermore, during the first phases of the war, civil and military volunteers, and the Ukrainian diaspora took the place of the official Ukrainian authorities in countering Russia’s information attacks. A horizontally organized, post-Euromaidan Ukrainian civil society had to combat Russia’s vertically constructed propaganda machine. That horizontally structured civil society provided such functions of humour as solidarity (belongingness) and stress-relief. As the information war progressed, Ukraine, a country with no real experience in counterpropaganda and with restricted financial capacity, had to learn how to fight back, literally from square one. That is why Ukraine counterpropaganda and use of humour were and still are more a product of a variety of independent and spontaneous initiatives, rather than a systemic approach. Nevertheless, the diverse landscape of humour in the Ukrainian media provides a rich source of information for the case study.

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CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Author(s): Ivars Austers,Jurģis Škilters,Žaneta Ozoliņa / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Humour is a universal concept that has been analysed within different disciplines of social sciences. The study presented by a group of scholars aims to elaborate a multidisciplinary methodological framework that can be applied in the analysis of humour, particularly if researchers or practitioners are confronted with very large sets of data, as well as to the construction of humorous messages for strategic communication purposes. The methodological framework is not a template to follow when generating humorous stories or jokes, but rather a collection of the most relevant attributes of humour that can be combined in different groupings to achieve the initial strategic goal. In order to test the functioning of the methodological framework and identify its strengths and weaknesses, three case studies were conducted. The first case study, on the discrediting of Western political leaders in late-night shows broadcast by the central Russian TV channels, identified humour as a massive propaganda tool aimed at national and international audiences. The second case study dealt with KVN (Klub Vesyeliykh i Nakhodchivikh) which is a TV-show and competition broadcast since the early 1970s. While the third case, focusing on the use of humour by the Ukrainian media, provides rich evidence on humour as a tool of counter-propaganda. The Ukrainian case also serves as an example of the role of humour in a situation of on-going information warfare. The following conclusions and recommendations were identified from the analyses of the three case studies.

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Oportunități de facilitare a relaţiilor interpersonale la elevii cu CES

Author(s): Inga Baciu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This article in about encouragement children with special educational needs in the development of interpersonal links with others and overcoming difficulties in interrelations with peers, this fact has allowed to emphasize effective methods, strategies and techniques for coping with difficulties and creating support for constructive interpersonal relationships. The established facts may be implied in the programs on preparation of school psychologists, teachers and for improvement of their professional skills, also in development of methodological instructions on inclusive education, in informative materials for parents, teachers and psychologists.

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Spotrebiteľské správanie v kontexte vybraných socio-demografických charakteristík

Author(s): Tatiana Lorincová,Ivana Ondrijová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Consumer materialism is defined as the accumulation of property and subsequent exposure of this property to admiration. Compulsive consumer behavior is a compulsive activity aimed at uncontrolled shopping and consumption. Ethnocentric consumers consider purchasing foreign products to be a bad act in view of the impact on the domestic economy. Objectives. The aim of the contribution is to examine specific forms of consumer behavior in terms of gender and consumer education. Method. The research sample consisted of 160 respondents, namely 95 women and 65 men aged 18-65 (m = 35,621, SD = 2,578). For the research purposes, the Consumer Ethnocentric Tendencies Scale (CETSCALE) was used by Shimpa and Sharma (1987) to determine the level of consumer ethnocentrism. Consumer behavior was also found in two sub-scales inspired by Schiffman and Kanuk (2004), namely the subconscious of consumer materialism and the subconscious of compulsive consumer behavior. Results. Using t-tests for two independent samples were found statistically significant differences in the level of compulsive consumer behavior in favor of women. At the level of consumer ethnocentrism, consumer materialism and compulsive consumer behavior, there were no statistically significant differences in the secondary and higher education of respondents. Limitations. The limitation of research study is an occasional choice of research sample.

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TOTUL E FOARTE NORMAL - scenariu de spectacol

Author(s): Leta Popescu,Viorel Cojanu,Gabi Albu,Alexandra Băcanu,Silvana Negruțiu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The project "EVERYTHING IS VERY NORMAL - DIALOGUE WITHOUT TABOOS." is organized by the Replika Cultural Association and co-financed by the National Cultural Fund Administration - AFCN.

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THE ROLE OF INTUITION IN MILITARY DECISIONS

Author(s): George Adrian AIONESEI / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Over the course of history, the decision-making process was at stake for many military commanders and their ability to act in critical situations. All historical events occurred as a result of powerful people making either a beneficial or detrimental decision. Therefore, the first part of the paper will be focused on the importance and the main elements of the decision-making process. Furthermore, the complexities of this process will be displayed along with the limitations that can influence the decision-maker. Also, the approach that a leader might choose affects the outcome of a specific situation. In the second part, attention will be directed at intuition as a favorable attribute for the leaders of the armed forces and how it can be taught in order to achieve the intuitive judgement necessary in the military. This paper’s goal is to analyze the effectiveness of using intuition in the military decision-making process rather than the rational evaluation that has been used and taught for years. Because military circumstances are so fluid these days, the decision-making process is hampered by a dangerous tempo of action, disordered intelligence, and agitated activity rather than a basic,easy-to-implement approach. In such situations, decision-making is rarely clear and objectively rational but rather intuitive.

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MILITARY APPLICATIONS OF COGNITIVE SCIENCES: COGNITIVE WARFARE, A MATTER OF PERCEPTION AND MISPERCEPTION

Author(s): Olga Raluca CHIRIAC / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The concept of cognitive warfare is steadily gaining more and more attention in security and defense discourse. By employing a cognitive psychology perspective, the article is examining how perception and/or misperception factor into cognitive mapping of strategic and operational concepts. The central aim of the paper is to outline that the approach to the human domain is deeply rooted in nationally conditioned perception. The article is looking to achieve this academic goal by comparing the NATO conceptualization of cognitive warfare to the Russian Federations'. The structure is as follows: first, there is a brief review of the cognitive psychology paradigm, especially key concepts as they relate to the scope of the paper. The subsequent sections compare the NATO cognitive warfare approach to the opposing view, namely the one of the Russian security and defense apparatuses. The "special military operation" in Ukraine initiated by the Kremlin in 2022 confirmed that in the event of a territorial aggression against a NATO member state, the alliance as a whole remains the basis of European security and defense posture. It is for this very reason that the alliance ought to objectively analyze how Russian decision makers perceive Western perspective in the cognitive realm.

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Emocionalna pismenost u školskoj dobi kao oblik primarne prevencije vršnjačkog i rodnozasnovanog nasilja

Author(s): Alma Jeftić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Potreba za razvojem programa emocionalnog opismenjavanja u školskoj dobi javila se iz više razloga od kojih su najznačajniji nedostatak sličnog modela u osnovnim školama u Bosni i Hercegovini te povećana stopa maloljetničke delikvencije čiji su uzroci u neadekvatnom odgoju, lošim interpersonalnim odnosima i nedovoljnoj educiranosti o mogućnostima i načinima regulacije i kontrole emocija. Samo u Kantonu Sarajevo učešće kriminaliteta kojeg su počinile maloljetne osobe u ukupno registriranom kriminalitetu iznosi 5,8% za period od 2008. do 2010. godine, a prosječna stopa kriminalnih djela maloljetnika za taj period iznosi 1671 na 100 000 stanovnika26. Zbog toga je važno razviti adekvatne programe emocionalnog opismenjavanja, ali i obučiti učitelje/nastavnike na koje načine ih mogu implementirati u okviru redovnog nastavnog kurikuluma i kako najefikasnije uključiti roditelje u implementaciju istog. S ciljem suzbijanja vršnjačkog i rodno-zasnovanog nasilja potrebno je upoznati se sa značenjem koje ono ima za grupu jer su istraživanja pokazala da se nasilje u školama ponavlja i održava bez obzira na vidljivu štetu koju izaziva.

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Holističko liječenje: argumenti u korist spajanja procesa oporavka od traume i izgradnje mira

Author(s): Kristina Hook / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Nakon katastrofa velikih razmjera izazvanih ljudskom rukom (rat, genocid) ili prirodnim silama (zemljotresi, cunami) sve više ljekara/ki, praktičara/ki i učenjaka/inja iz različitih disciplina se okuplja oko centralne zajedničke teme: traume. Iako su definicije i profesionalni ciljevi i dalje različiti, pojavile su se tačke oko kojih su se akteri/ce složili/e u nastojanju da shvate kako ekstremni događaji lome društva i pojedince/ke. Sudeći po konkretnim naučnim istraživanjima o nasilju, čini se da se sve više uviđa (čak i u domenama različitih disciplina) da nasilje utječe i na tijela i na umove i da ostavlja neopisive ožiljke nakon što dođe do određenog stupnja liječenja (Kirmayer et al. 2007). Nažalost, složene humanitarne situacije, ratovi i oružani sukobi dovode do brojnih izazova u ponovoj izgradnji društva, često potiskujući individualne i kolektivne probleme s traumama na margine u izradi politika. U ovom radu su kombinirani principi ublažavanja sukoba i antropološke perspektive kako bi se pokazale opasnosti takvog pristupa.

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CASE STUDY ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE PERSONALITY OF THE YOUNG SCHOOL CHILDREN UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES OF THE FAMILY

Author(s): Mihaela Badea,Gina Florentina Tudorache / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Starting from the epigenetic principle that explains human development as being influenced by internal factors (heredity) and external factors (environment and education), based on an experimental design, the study presents the way in which the premises for the development of the personality of young schoolchildren are shaped under the influence of various educational practices of the family. The entire investigative approach is based on a case study that illustrates the evolution of a young school children during three and a half years in which he was observed, from the beginning of the preparatory class to the middle of the third grade. In order to collect relevant information about the family circumstances in which the child grows up, about the premises of his personality, but also about the educational practices shown by the family members involved in his education, a variety of methods, techniques and research tools were used, such as: the survey on questionnaire and interview basis, anamnesis, observation and observation grid, analysis of the products of school activities, the child’s school results and his behavior in the school environment, objective personality tests, projective techniques (test for evaluating self-image and self-esteem, the “Family drawing” test). The analysis of the data obtained following the observation and permanent investigation of the subject’s trajectory during the first years of school highlighted the way in which the educational practices applied by the parents are reflected in his attitude. Presenting different manifestations in the face of varied circumstances during the study dimensions of the subject’s personality were outlined and this reflects the attitude he has in relation to himself, his family, the school, and the others.

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CE ESTE EPUIZAREA PARENTALĂ ȘI DE CE TREBUIE STUDIATĂ?

Author(s): Patricia Luciana Runcan,Remus Runcan / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Parental burnout (PB) has increasingly attracted the attention of social workers, family counsellors, epidemiologists, doctors, educators, psychiatrists, psychologists, and sociologists over the past 15 years. The reason is simple: if we can quit our job position because we are affected by career / job / occupational / professional burnout, we cannot resign as a parent. From a social work perspective, we are particularly interested in history and risk factors of PB, in the conceptualization of PB, in the consequences of PB, in gender differences in PB, in the assessment of the degree of PB, in the biological and cultural factors related to PB, in the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on PB, in the nature of PB, in the prevention of PB, in the relationship between PB and career / job / occupational / professional burnout, in the stages of PB and in the treatment of PB.

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ADOLESCENȚA – O VÂRSTĂ ÎNTRE VÂRSTE

Author(s): Camelia Augusta Roșu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Adolescence is a stage of development, in which important physical and mental changes occur, it is a very delicate transition phase, which marks the transition from childhood to adulthood and which brings with it a series of challenges, either for the adolescent or for those around. In the process of transformation from child to adult, the adolescent seeks a balance in the originality crisis he is going through. The family, with its own resources and uncertainties, is the privileged area of development and care of the adolescent, it is the safe base where the adolescent will return in times of need. The article proposes a presentation of adolescence with all the bio-psycho-social characteristics it entails, in order to facilitate communication and relationships with people in this stage of life.

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BENEFICIILE JOCURILOR DE ROL PENTRU DEZVOLTAREA COPILULUI PREŞCOLAR

Author(s): Victoria Tira / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

During preschool education, children assimilate important acquisitions of communication with themselves and others using role play. Studies show that promoting communication and social skills in children at early ages can be achieved naturally through play in kindergarten. In this way, role-play becomes both a daily practice of communication for the child and an efficient teaching instrument in exploring all dimensions of child development in a holistic way. The literature also mentions some important functions of kindergarten games, such as the information function, the adaptation function, the formative function, the socialisation function and the psychological function.

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Невромениджмънт – новият подход в управлението на организацията

Author(s): Ivanka Asenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Neuromanagement is a new field of management that has developed as a result of the application to human resource management of knowledge generated in the fields of cognitive neuroscience and psychology. The goal of neuromanagement is, through the study of brain activity during the course of mental processes at the moment when people are faced with an economic or managerial problem, to acquire knowledge that will help to develop and use the intellectual potential of all workers in the organization in order to achieve higher production efficiency of each worker and more effective management of the organization. There are a number of differences between classical management and neuromanagement concerning: the orientation of management functions; the principles on which the management process is based; the means of influencing the personnel; the system of motivating the personnel. The new economic reality turns intellectual capital into the most important production factor. A cluster of professional competencies was defined at the 2015 World Economic Forum in Davos that will be sought in organizations using the principles of neuromanagement. All these irreversible processes of change are also placing new demands on schools and universities, both in terms of learning technologies and in terms of the formation of new skills and competences in future professionals that are vital for the business of the future.

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Cooperation Between the ProsecutionBody and Various Institutions orDepartments for the Investigationof Illegal Migration

Author(s): Dinu Ostavciuc,Gina Aurora Necula / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This chapter, authored by Dinu Ostavciuc and Gina Aurora Necula, explores the critical role of cooperation and interaction between prosecution bodies and various institutions in investigating and combating illegal migration. It discusses the legal and practical frameworks that facilitate collaboration among different law enforcement and governmental bodies. The chapter emphasizes the necessity of well-organized interaction to overcome the complexities and cross-border nature of illegal migration crimes. It also addresses the legislative challenges and proposes amendments to improve the coordination and efficiency of investigative processes. The importance of systematic, coordinated efforts involving national and international bodies, expert institutions, and non-governmental organizations is highlighted as essential for effective crime detection and prosecution.

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The Metabolism of Carbohydrates andTheir Nutritional Rolesin High-Performance Athletes

Author(s): Victor Manolachi,Veaceslav Manolachi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This chapter by Victor Manolachi and Veaceslav Manolachi delves into the significance of carbohydrate metabolism for high-performance athletes. It examines how carbohydrate energy stores serve as crucial recovery factors after training and competitive efforts. The chapter discusses the bioenergetic processes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, highlighting the differences between anaerobic and aerobic efforts and their impact on physical performance. It also explores the mechanisms of energy substrate utilization, including glycogen and lipid reserves, and the physiological adaptations resulting from systematic training. The authors provide detailed insights into dietary strategies for optimizing carbohydrate intake, enhancing muscle glycogen stores, and improving overall athletic performance.

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