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MASO VERSUS VEGEKUCHYNĚ

Author(s): Petr Soják / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Procesy, které se odehrávají ve skupině nejen při zážitkových akcích, se obvykle souhrnně nazývají skupinová dynamika. Tento jev ovlivňuje a je ovlivňován mnoha faktory nejen v návaznosti na cíl stanovený pro danou sociální skupinu. Skupinovou dynamiku v zážitkové pedagogice řešíme v rámci celého kurzu, neb je to něco, na čem můžeme stavět spoustu věcí. Nejčastěji se projevuje na dvou základních úrovních, jak v samotné realizaci aktivity, tak následně při reflexi či zpětné vazbě. Je to proces interakcí všech zúčastněných, participujících ve skupině, a variability vztahů mezi nimi. Probíhá ve chvíli, kdy jsou daní jedinci zrovna aktivní či pasivní. Dokonce mohou ovlivňovat jeho průběh, i když nejsou přítomni.

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NE KAŽDÁ ČOČKA TĚ MUSÍ NADMOUT

Author(s): Markéta Sedláková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Tak jako při standardní konzumaci jídla sáhneme po vidličce a noži, v diskursu zážitkové pedagogiky se neobejdeme bez uchopení pojmu reflexe. Přestože se můžeme setkat s častými rozličnostmi, které pramení mnohdy z přílišného skloňování tohoto pojmu jednotlivými paradigmaty či odborníky, je klíčové pro naše účely alespoň ohraničit reflexi jako nutnou součást procesu učení (srov. Gass, 1993), v širším rámci vymezení pak jako podmínku pro spokojený život (osobnostní a profesní rozměr jedince). V následujících řádcích textu pojednáme o reflexi v kontextu poznávání, vědění a jednání. Nezůstaneme však pouze v teoretických východiscích, ale svoje ohnisko zájmu přesuneme i do aplikační roviny. Zprvu se pokusíme rozvinout debatu nad reflexí pomocí lidového rčení Chybami se člověk učí. Jak přesně takový proces učení probíhá? Jak se naše zážitky transformují do zkušeností? Dovolíme si v tomto okamžiku hledat odpovědi pomocí metaforického jazyka.

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Líderšip v edukácii – charakteristika kľúčových konceptov

Author(s): Eva Sollárová,Vladimír Poliach,Lucia Pašková,Zuzana Heinzová,Beata Žitniaková-Gurgová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Objectives. Education and development of “leaders in education” in the Slovak Republic is not sufficiently grounded, theoretically or empirically. Within these circumstances the APVV project no. 17-0557 ("Psychological approach to development, implementation and evaluation of the competence model of educational leaders´ development”) has an ambition to contribute. As a precondition of a theoretically grounded competence model, there is a need to understand and define key concepts of leadership as applied to the educational setting which is the aim of the paper. Method. The method of the Frame Analysis by Ritchie & Spencer (1994) using CAQDAS and multiple evaluations, was applied to selected representative international literature sources from the area of leadership in education dated 2002 to 2018. Results. The sources analyzed are of high thematic and methodological variance. Defining leadership in education can be categorized according to the key concepts of school, educational and teacher leadership, which is discussed together with related concepts identified as well as the psychological knowledge of leadership applied in the educational setting. Conclusions. Specifications of the key concepts in leadership in the education setting seems inspirational for further processing of the project, as well as areas or topics identified where psychological knowledge and research findings seem to be insufficiently applied. Limitations. Narrowing the focus on the North American context as other studies (eg European) will follow.

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Fyzikální cvičebnice aneb jak to udělat přehledněji

Author(s): Michaela Drexler / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

This article discusses teaching texts, their elements and their layout. Based on the collection of secondary data and the use of previous researches as well as teacher´s practice, the article provides a proposal for a better structure of textbooks. The part of the article is a description of the eye tracking method, which is currently the most sophisticated method for evaluating the layout used not only the textbooks.

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Rozvíjanie tvorivého prístupu študentov k riešeniu rovníc

Author(s): Dalibor Gonda / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Many researches show that pupils prefer learning how to solve the math problems by heart even in learning mathematics. It is necessary to look for ways of teaching mathematics leading to a departure from such a trend. One of the options is the frequent assignment of substitution-related tasks. This method develops pupils’ creativity. Many tasks offer several possible substitutions. Pupils learn to create a substitute expression. The substitution method allows the task to be transformed, thus creat connections between the different areas of mathematics and offer pupils new insights into the use of already acquired knowledge.

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Miskoncepce ve fyzice vlivem historického vývoje fyzikálních pojmů a terminologie

Author(s): Tomáš Miléř / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Contemporary physics and its terminology is based on efforts of many generations of scientists seeking the essence of natural processes. Although physics concepts form a consistent system, current terminology is sometimes misleading and evoke wrong ideas. The paper deals with the development of terms WORK, ENERGY and HEAT in relation to physics education and improvement of students’ physics thinking.

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Profesní portfolio učitele

Author(s): Kateřina Šmejkalová,Monika Šindelková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The new career charter of the teaching profession in the Czech Republic will be implemented from September 2017. The paper describes the portfolio as a tool for professional and personal growth of the teacher, but also as a source for the evaluation of teaching work. The authors point out possible risks in the processing of the portfolio. The features and goals of the portfolio are further characterized in the text. The authors present the individual phases of the portfolio and describe how it is possible to work with the material included in the portfolio. Systematically arranged material in the portfolio should help the teacher to better present his work. The teacher will be able to return back to his / her present activities in his / her portfolio. The portfolio should not only be about the knowledge and skills, but also the developing attitudes of the teacher. An example of pedagogical practice is the possibility of presenting the teacher’s work. This is mainly about the inclusion of examples of typological or extraordinary practices in the portfolio.

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Motivational simple experiments in science education

Author(s): Josef Trna / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The motivational role of school experiments in science education is still growing. Motivation in education is realized using cognitive motivational teaching techniques. Several cognitive motivational teaching techniques are based on observation and experimentation. From the pedagogical constructivist point of view it is important to develop appropriate school experiments for school practice. Presented cognitive motivational teaching techniques are based on special kinds of simple experiments such as: experiments of everyday life, entertainment-edutainment experiments, problem experiments, experiments supported by ICT etc. All presented simple experiments are developed by a use of design-based research including action research in school practice at primary and lower secondary schools.

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Kritizujeme RVP oprávněně?

Author(s): Jan Válek / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

An obligatory curriculum document, the Framework Education Program (FEP), is constantly under criticism of the extent to which the level of knowledge, cognition and skills of students in each school is shattered at the same level of education. Although the FEP is upgraded, this situation does not improve. Upgrading leads to extensions of expected outputs and curriculum, but there is no reduction in unnecessary content. Changes in linkages between disciplines if they are, are only minimal. Through a metaresearch survey, we summarize the data that can shed light on the Framework Education Program.

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POTŘEBY DĚTÍ S PORUCHOU POZORNOSTI NA ZÁKLADNÍ ŠKOLE A EFEKTIVNÍ PODPŮRNÁ OPATŘENÍ (PŘEHLEDOVÁ STUDIE)

Author(s): Kateřina Štrausová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The presented research study deals with foreign studies focused on education of children with attention deficit disorder (ADHD/ADD) in the elementary school environment. The main aim is to describe educational needs of the children and their effective supportive measures. There are analysed 6 studies. The final analysis focuses on educational needs of children during the compulsory education. There are presented effective supportive measures in the school environment which facilitate the education process and fulfil the educational need of children with attention deficit disorder. The contemporary studies and their innovative attitudes are more than inspirational and can be used in Czech education system as well.

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IMPROVEMENT OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING VIA GROUP WORKING AND TUTORING

Author(s): Alla Gembaruk,Svitlana Derkach / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study aims to provide a clear understanding of group working in the classroom for implementation of active learning methods has become of great need especially group working as an effective method to encourage and motivate students while learning in the classroom. In fact, working in groups has been considered to prove better inspiration, motivation, engagement and effectiveness of learning activities of students. The article highlights scientific findings of researchers on the issue and reveals practical experience of student group working. It can thus be conceivably hypothesized that all profits and benefits of group work in English classes can potentially contribute to qualitative students’ outcomes. It was discovered that working in groups is strikingly different from the conventional one as cooperation is a complete challenge and creates positive interdependence in team work. Moreover, participants turn out to be responsible for each other’s success. Concurrently, such new approach focuses on task and maintenance roles and outcomes. On reflecting the changes and new approaches in student’s learning that have been used, it’s worth saying that group learning stimulates student’s critical thinking, everyone is involved in debating, discussing, clarifying their statements and concepts being considered in the class. Our class sessions showed and assumed that the students being tutored not only learned more than they did without tutoring, they also developed a more positive attitude about what they were studying. In addition, the tutors learned more than students who did not tutor. The observed improvement in students learning can be interpreted as being a result of group work and peer tutoring.

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Co wspólnego ma coaching z lekcjami języka polskiego?

Author(s): Agata Karolczyk-Kozyra / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is to raise the issue of educational coaching and its use during Polish language lessons in a secondary school. The author explains the concept of coaching and presents its genesis. It lists the characteristics of a good coach, paying attention to the competences of a modern teacher. It also presents exemplary coaching methods and techniques that he uses in the work of a Polish language teacher.

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Zrozumieć uczenie się. Skuteczne zdziwienie - wyzwalająca myślenie nauka czytania i pisania w świetle odkryć badań kognitywnych

Author(s): Weronika Kisiel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Reading and writing are among the key competences of the modern world, and their development is one of the basic tasks of the school, yet Poland is facing an extremely popular phenomenon of non-reading. Looking for answers to the questions posed in Sense and Nonsense of early childhood education by prof. D. Klus-Stańska, a solution that is unique on a national scale has been developed – Effective astonishment, is learning to read and write that liberates thinking. The latest cognitive research indicates the most important principles that should be met if we want to think about effective learning. The aforementioned concept relates to many of these discoveries, and it is precisely the correlation between this innovative approach and the findings of cognitive research that I demonstrate in the following text. An active student in the learning process, linking with prior knowledge, or activating the emotional and volitional spheres during the acquisition of knowledge make learning effective and attractive.

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Neurodydaktyka i nauka poprzez grupową zabawę

Author(s): Klaudia Jeznach / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is to show the possibilities of combining education with an environment friendly to modern students. Learning through group play, using various scientific discourses, becomes more effective and practical. This paper presents examples of Polish lessons in primary school, analyzing the literary text with the use of musical and artistic materials, as well as exercises developing creativity and the ability to work in teams.

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LEARNING BY DOING. KE GENEZI JEDNOHO PEDAGOGICKÉHO HESLA

Author(s): Michael Knoll / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Heslo learning by doing je všudypřítomné. Objevuje se v předškolním vzdělávání a školní pedagogice, ale také ve vysokoškolském a odborném vzdělávání a také ve vzdělávání dospělých. U inženýrů, umělců a žurnalistů je stejně oblíbené jako u kutilů, skautů a teroristů. V souvislosti s daným heslem je zmiňován zpravidla John Dewey, a to především proto, že jako typický Američan a jako významný představitel pragmatické filozofie se zdá být předurčen, více než všichni ostatní, stát se iniciátorem zkušenostního učení blízkého praxi a zaměřeného na jednání. Je však málo známo, že toto heslo nepochází od něj. Ojediněle je také zmiňováno, že pro jeho teorii výchovy a teorii vyučování smělo být používáno pouze v modifikované podobě. Když ale toto heslo nemá původ u Deweyho a v amerického pragmatismu, odkud tedy pochází?

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ZÁLEŽÍ NA UČITELI… ÚVAHY NAD PEDAGOGICKÝM KLIŠÉ

Author(s): Ewald Terhart / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Samozřejmě, že záleží na učiteli! Ví to starostlivá matka již brzy školou povinné dcery, ví to všichni rodiče na třídní schůzce, ví to každý ředitel školy i každý ministr školství. Žáci to vědí také, třeba když dostanou nového učitele nebo když ještě není jasné, který člen učitelského sboru je bude doprovázet na dalším školním výletě. Z pohledu žáků právě na školním výletě na učiteli záleží nejvíce.

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DOSLOV

Author(s): Hans-Ulrich Grunder,Tomáš Janík / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Chyby v překladu, omyly, mýty a nepravdy vznikají náhodou nebo když někdo zkresluje realitu, mate, burcuje drzou poznámkou nebo chce tajit pravdu, která mu není vhod. Slogany, přísloví a mýty, stejně jako nepravdy a lži vydávané za pravdu, ukazují na základě přemoudřelých, povzbuzujících, iritujících, panovačných, osvícenských či naopak zpátečnických idejí na stále relevantní aspekty výchovy a vzdělávání: vztahují se na výuku, učení a učení se; zaměřují se na informace, vědění a vzdělání; pracují s pravidly, mravností a morálností; upozorňují „měl bys“ a „musíš“; upomínají na „slušné chování“, označují „nekalé úmysly“ a předpovídají „dobrý život“ – pokud se podle nich člověk řídí.

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ULOGA EMAPTIJE UČENIKA U SPREČAVANJU VRŠNJAČKOG NASILJA

Author(s): Emina Kovačić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

We are increasingly confronted with peer violence which harms children in all areas. Whether it is physical or emotional violence, children can not defend them selves. Children who witness violence and actively help victims are called defenders whereas those who feel that violence is wrong but do nothing about it are passive defenders. The research carried out by Salmivalli (2010) has shown that 20 to 29 precent of children who witness violence actually do something to help the victim while 26 to 30 percent passively observe violence. In order for an observing child to attain to the end of violence, research have shown that they should possess a higher level of empathy. Empathy is important in regulating behavior in the social segment as well as in interpersonal relationships. The higher the level of empathy, the better prosocial behavior. Although there are prevention programs in schools, the rate of violence is still high. This paper will show prevention programs and the theoretical background of the role of the defender as well as the importance of empathy in preventing peer violence.

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HRVATSKE PROBLEMSKE SLIKOVNICE U FUNKCIJI PREPOZNAVANJA I SUOČAVANJA DJECE S EMOCIJAMA

Author(s): Kristina Riman,Tamara Di Giorgi / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Picture books as the first children's books can be used in various aspects of children's growing up and development. Reading picture books creates a positive family atmosphere, strengthens the connection between parents and children, and develops a child's love for books, develops imagination and strengthens the concentration. Picture books often correspond to the needs of children and teachers in preschool education, and in this sense, problem picture books stand out. They include topics about interpersonal relationships in the family and society, and their focus is on the child. Every picture book often requires an adult reader, and in many cases, problem picture books can help adults to communicate with children on topics that seem difficult for any reason. The contemporary problem picture book opens a multitude of life themes for children and adults, which include experiences in the family, kindergarten, school and other aspects of everyday life. Examples of such picture books are the Croatian problem picture books by Tatjana Gjurković and Tee Knežević. They were published in five different series and speak of happiness, sadness, fear, anger, guilt, shame, humiliation and disappointment. They are analyzed with regard to the subject, motives and dominant emotion that is considered in each picture book. The characteristics of individual emotions and instructions on how to approach a child who is facing such emotions are listed in addition to the demonstration of different series of picture books.

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ODNOS MLADIH BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE PREMA DRUŠTVENIM MREŽAMA I STRAH OD PROPUŠTANJA INFORMACIJA NA INTERNETU

Author(s): Elma Selmanagić-Lizde / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Internet addiction takes on different forms and is an important issue for diagnostic and preventive reasons. This paper sets out to diagnose the scale of problematic use of Internet (PIU) in the context of symptoms and mechanisms of FOMO (Fear of Missing Out). For this purpose, triangulation of the following research tools was applied: Social Media Intensity Scale, Fear of Missing Out Scale, Summary of Social Media Use, Social Media Usage Urges, and the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale. To picture the scale of FOMO and accompanying PIU behaviors, data from 717 pupils in Sarajevo and Mostar cantons were collected. Based on this data, we can see that about 20% of young respondent (average age of 13 years) show several FOMO symptoms, whereas another 30% belong are at risk of being addicted to Internet. The remaining 50% of students are out of that risk. These criteria vary due to lack of unified tools to measure FOMO. However, it was determined that FOMO is minimized by some forms of leisure activity and does not depend on gender.

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