CEEOL - Browse Subjects Result

We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Margaret Atwood in the Second and Third Waves of Feminism on the Basis of Julia Kristeva’s Theories

Author(s): Sarieh Alaeia,Zahra Barfib / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2014

Although Margaret Atwood started writing in the second phase of feminism, some of her works show the features of the second and the third wave of feminism. It’s clear in Atwood’s Cat’s Eye. Elaine, protagonist of the novel, and other female characters indicate these features. Some of Atwood’s works imply Kristeva’s theories. Unlike the second wave of feminism, Julia Kristeva as a postmodern feminist rejects the distinction between sex and gender believing that these two terms respectively represent biology and culture which cannot be separated from each other. This idea can be examined in Margaret Atwood’s novel, Cat’s Eye, as a feature of the third wave of feminism. The authors of this article seek to analyze Atwood’s famous novel, Cat’s Eye, in the second and third waves of feminism based on Julia Kristeva’s theories.

More...

ЕМОЦИОНАЛНА КЛИМА У БРАКОВИМА У СРБИЈИ – РАЗВОЈНА ПЕРСПЕКТИВА

Author(s): Ivan Mihić,Jovana Jestrović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

The aim of this study was to describe the emotional climate of marriages in Serbia and to describe the changes in the estimated quality of the emotional climate depending on the developmental phase of the family life cycle. In addition, the study examines gender differences in the perceived positive and negative social and emotional exchange in marital interaction and also differences between the spouses who have and those who don’t have children. The study included 456 couples from Serbia, aged 19 to 85 years (ASm = 43.75; ASw = 41, 08). From the total sample of 456 couples, 119 couples do not have children, while others are relatively equally distributed across the developmental stages of the family cycle. To assess the emotional climate of marriage we used Inventory of Affection, Negativity and Sex in Relationships (Huston, Kamenov and Jelić, 2010). The results indicate significant differences in the perceived positive emotional exchange between the partners depending on the developmental phase, in the direction of decline, for both males (F = 2.786, p <.05), and females (F = 5.486, p <.001). On the other hand, the estimated differences in the negative exchange were not significant. We described a trend moving toward a climate saturated with negative exchange, either in the form of hostile relations or a neutral relationship dominated by emotional distance. Women tend to score higher on the perceived positive excange (t = -2131, p <.05), but no gender differences were observed in the perceived negative exchanges. The differences between the couples who have and those who don’t have children weren’t significant, for both positive and negative social and emotional exchanges.

More...

Утицај стреса на агресивно понашање особа са аутизмом и интелектуалном ометеношћу и поступци реаговања

Author(s): Daniela Tomaš / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

Behavior problems of people with autism as well as intellectual disability are often shown as the consequence of the frustrations caused by the outer factors and feelings of emotional emptiness which appear as the consequence of reduced social interactions and support or because of a subjective feeling of dissatisfaction with one’s personal life. The number of researches have tried to show the effects of changing the environmeent to the behaviour of the intellectually disabled people, and some results show that it is important to realise that the problems in behaviour are connected to the surrounding conditions, life quality and quantity of the stress present. The housing conditions are of great importance for the quality of life and psychosocial condition of people with autism and intelectual disability. With the aim of giving a quality support to the adult people with autism and intelectual disability it is very important to understand their behaviour and its negative manifestations like aggression and other issues in behaviour better and to deal firstly with their cause, in order to prevent that behaviour, and not focus only on the behaviour as the consequence of the effect of the negative factors. In addition, it is very important that, in situations when such behavioral problems manifest themselves, we apply the appropriate procedures for their removal.

More...

The Importance of Religion in America Today

Author(s): Bruce A. Little / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

The following text represents the content of a lecture delivered at “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, on April 22, 2013, by professor Bruce A. Little, Southeastern Baptist Seminary, Wake Forest, NC, United States of America. In a clear and concise manner, he emphasises the key concepts which define the American model of the relation between religion and state, as well as the extremely important social role the churches play in the American society. The author emphasises the importance of the so-called “faith based organizations” and the support they enjoyed from some presidents, such as George W. Bush.

More...

„Podwórko komputerowe” a „podwórko z trzepakami” – wybrane, psychologiczne aspekty współczesnych relacji u dzieci

Author(s): Magdalena Ewa Ruszel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 36/2015

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie w przystępnej, krótkiej psychologicznej charakterystyce wpływów na rozwój dziecka dwóch typów środowisk wychowawczych: „podwórka z trzepakami” oraz „podwórka komputerowego”. Autorka nie poprzestaje na ich charakterystyce, lecz ukazuje także pozytywne i negatywne aspekty z nimi związane, jak również możliwości mądrego wychowawczego wykorzystania każdego z nich w rozwoju i wychowaniu dziecka.

More...

The Mid-week Effect and Why Thursdays Are Blue: The Weekly Rhythm of Satisfaction in Hungary

Author(s): Tamás Keller / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2018

Research on the weekly fluctuation in people’s satisfaction has produced mixed results about the nadir of levels of satisfaction in different countries. This paper uses a Hungarian household survey with approximately 3400 individual observations. The fluctuation in satisfaction over the course of the week is assessed according to the day on which the personal interview was conducted during a six-week period of fieldwork. The analysis investigates the extent to which this is the result of a random process. Unlike previous analysis, the nadir in satisfaction (in Hungary) is found to occur midweek. This is explained as being related to workload. The results are robust after controlling for the interviewers’ unobserved characteristics or the hour of completion of the interview. Modification in workdays owing to national holidays did not alter the results. The results reveal which social groups are especially vulnerable to fluctuations in satisfaction. This could have practical consequences for a more efficient work-life balance. The paper suggests questions for future research, which in particular should seek to understand differences between nations in terms of the nadir of satisfaction and to find a solution to the self-selection problem that may result in an underestimation of the true size of the weekly nadir.

More...

Developing the Sense of the Meaning of Life in Children and Youth as a Goal of Creative Prophylaxis

Author(s): Irena Mudrecka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This article complies with the belief that in social prophylaxis it is necessary to shift the center of gravity from “fighting” pathologies and negative deviations onto forming and strengthening positive factors which protect the individual and social groups against pathologies. Formation of a constructive feeling of the meaning of life, among others through development towards higher values, is such a procedure that realizes the aims of contemporary creative prophylaxis and – at the same time – addresses the goals of rearing. Supporting emotional, cognitive and social development of the young makes it possible to develop their potentials understood as abilities, predispositions, talents, skills and competences which are a guarantee that they will find the meaning of life and make this feeling real. In a satisfying life there is no room for social pathologies.

More...

Kayıp ve Yasa Psikososyal Yaklaşım

Author(s): Yasemin Özel,Birgül Özkan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2020

Every individual is confronted with numerous events and problems throughout his life, and they can get over most of these problems. However, some of these events affect their life significantly. Unexpected death of a loved one is such an event. Grief can be described as emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions given by individuals who lost their loved ones. The acute response after loss of loved one are usually not considered as abnormal because most of them are natural. The grief reactions can show a variety according to age, gender, culture and previous experience of person and because of this the reactions of people when they face to grief can show differences, it is important for healthcare professionals to consider these variety while approaching people experiencing loss. Supportive approach in grief include some techniques like psychoeducation, role modeling, encouragement, counseling and problem solving. Studies show that health professionals are lacking in information about communication with the individual who is experiencing mourning, and coping with mourning process. This review aims to emphasize the importance of the psychosocial approach in grief.

More...

„Będziesz kochać bliźniego swego jak siebie samego”? Związek samoopiekuńczości z empatią i zachowaniami altruistycznymi

Author(s): Aleksandra Pilarska,Anna Suchańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

Aim The aim of the study was to investigate whether self-care, understood as a set of functions ensuring one’s own safety and personal development, promotes a tendency toward empathy and altruism. Method The study was conducted online on a group of 331 people, using the Self-Care Questionnaire, the Empathic Sensitiveness Scale, the Altruism Questionnaire, and the Social Desirability Questionnaire. The data was analyzed using both a variable-centered and a person-centered approach. Results Results obtained through path analysis revealed that the association between self-care capacity and engaging in altruistic behavior was mediated by tendencies toward empathic concern and perspective-taking. Self-care contributed to willingness to behave for the benefit of others, as it fostered other-oriented empathy. Cluster analysis results confirmed that properly developed abilities to protect and care for oneself were accompanied by empathic sensitivity to the welfare of others and willingness to engage in altruistic behavior. Notwithstanding, the results also indicated that self-care deficits do not preclude engaging in helping activities when they allow one to reduce one’s own empathic suffering. Conclusions Results obtained through correlation-regression and cluster analyses demonstrated that self‑care promotes mature empathizing – associated with empathic concern and perspective-taking – and engaging in selfless actions for the benefit of others.

More...

“Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself”? The relationship of self-care with empathy and altruistic behavior

Author(s): Aleksandra Pilarska,Anna Suchańska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

More...

Psihologija vjerovanja u teorije zavjere

Author(s): Mersiha Jusić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2022

Conspiracy theories have always existed, and (some) people have always believed in them. However, due to the expansion of contemporary media and information technologies, as well as social networks becoming primary platforms of information, the issue of how conspiracy beliefs affect daily lives has become popular again. Current societal, political and health crises have sparked global research interest in the topic. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become obvious how significant these beliefs are in determining health behavior and adhering to preventive anti-epidemic measures. Therefore, it is of immense importance, both theoretical and practical, to approach the characteristics of this phenomenon scientifically. This article analyzes psychological and social factors of conspiracy beliefs. Through the prism of epistemic, existential and social needs, the article tries to explain what pushes individuals toward the conspiracy theories. It also discusses individual and personality differences as the underpinning basis for susceptibility to conspiracy beliefs. A special focus is put on universal principles of cognitive functioning that boost conspiracy beliefs (confirmation bias, saving cognitive resources, cognitive closure, effect of illusory truth, etc.) Considering their exceptional societal importance, the author puts a special focus on the effects of conspiracy theories on health relevant behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the lack of a clear theoretical framework in this recently emerging research field, the author reflects on existing and potential prevention and intervention tools belonging to social-psychological, health and communication strategies. The importance of the media and information literacy as a means to improve resilience to misinformation is also discussed.

More...

Factors Affecting Student Engagement in Psychology Undergraduates Studying Online Statistics Courses in Indonesia

Author(s): Astri Setiamurti,Rose Mini Agoes Salim,Maridha Normawati,Atikah Ainun Mufidah,Frieda Maryam Mangunsong,Shahnaz Safitri / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

This study aimed to assess the influence of students’ intrapersonal factors, namely Academic Intrinsic Motivation (AIM), Perceived Creativity Fostering Teacher Behavior (P-CFTB), Academic Self-Efficacy (ASE), and Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) on student engagement in undergraduate psychology students taking online Statistics courses. A cross-sectional and quantitative design was used from October to December 2022. The data collection procedure used a convenience sampling technique, with questionnaires distributed online (via social media) and offline (via lecturers, the Student Executive Board, and the Association of the Faculty of Psychology from various universities in Indonesia). The research participants were psychology undergraduates who had studied and passed the Statistics courses online, with 671 filling out the questionnaire. The results showed that all students’ intrapersonal factors, namely AIM, P-CFTB, ASE, and SRL, can determine student engagement by 66.9%, with ASE having the highest influence (23.99%) and P-CFTB having the lowest impact (9.78%). Moreover, the correlation value between SRL and SE was r = 0.700, p < 0.001, signifying a robust positive relationship between both variables.

More...

Using Students’ Digital Written Text in Moroccan Dialect For The Detection of Student Personality Factors

Author(s): Nisserine El Bahri,Zakaria Itahriouan,Alami Anouar,Samir Brahim Belhaouari / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

In the contemporary digital era, social media platforms have a big influence on students’ lives. They use these platforms for self-expression, opinion sharing, and experience reporting (writing or sharing videos or photos about personal experiences) in addition to social interaction. Education professionals and academics may get valuable insights into students’ thoughts, sentiments, interests, academic success, and even personalities by studying their writing on social media. We can improve our teaching, enhance students’ social and emotional development, and create a more engaging learning environment if we have a better knowledge of the student. The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether or not students interact with classmates and other participants in learning platforms in a way that accurately represents their personalities. Data from a sample of students at Abdelmalek Essaadi University of Tetouan were collected from various social media learning environments for the experimental investigation presented in this work, and Symanto AI-based personality tool was used to assess the data. The Big Five Questionnaire was then utilized to assess the personalities of the same students, and the findings were compared to the personality traits discovered by the AI-based approach. The study has shown that the AI based tool has correctly predicted the personality traits of 7 students out of 10 with a correlation of about 0,9 which means that social media-based learning environments can be used by institutions to understand the personality of the student. This paper also gives recommendations about data for obtaining good quality in personality prediction.

More...

A New Perspective: Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and its Reflections

Author(s): Sinem Somunoğlu ikinci / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2014

Organizational citizenship behaviour is not only confined to the behaviours of the organizational workers in accordance with the definitions of their roles, but it also includes all the other behaviours they display on the basis of voluntariness. While displaying organizational citizenship behaviour, the workers are eager to improve the performance of their organization, behave sincerely with no expectation of an award while behaving in this way. This study aims to include organizational citizenship behaviour and its significance which has a direct effect on organizational performance and to explain its reflections by analysing its examples in different sectors

More...

„CHIULUL” ADOLESCENȚILOR ÎN TIMPUL ORELOR ONLINE DIN PERIOADA PANDEMIEI DE COVID-19

Author(s): Bogdan Nicolae Mucea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2023

Changes due to restrictions imposed by the Covid-19 pandemic have significantly affected many areas, and these changes have also targeted the educational field, producing significant effects on the entire teaching-learning-evaluation process. During this period, students and teachers had to adapt to the restrictions and cope with the new measures. In this respect, in many cases, school teaching-learning-evaluation classes have been largely online. Thus, students and teachers faced various challenges, one of which was the students’ skipping. This study, conducted in three schools in the Center Development Region, aims to determine the extent to which students skipped using excuses and not actively participating in online classes. The results of the research showed that some of the students, during the whole period when the school was at a distance, skipped more and were less involved in the learning process.

More...

Wybrane biopsychospołeczne aspekty funkcjonowania pacjentów z dystrofią mięśniową Duchenne’a i ich rodzin

Author(s): Paulina Anikiej-Wiczenbach,Arkadiusz Mański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2022

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a disease that shows extremely complex connections between the genetic-molecular sphere and the characteristics of psychological functioning. The text presented below introduces the importance of biological sources in explaining many aspects of the psychological functioning of DMD patients. In the field of research and rehabilitation practice related to DMD, interdisciplinarity becomes a necessity that can improve the quality of life of patients with DMD and their families to a greater extent than before. On the one hand, the article is a concise account of the views that have been dominating both in the past and today about this disease, as well as a proposal outlining the directions of future research related to describing and explaining the processes that form the psychological image of people with DMD. The complexity of this image can be made more accessible and understandable if, both in research and in everyday life, it becomes possible to refer to the genetic-molecular sources, psychological resources and characteristics of the environment in which a person with DMD grows up in the process of describing and explaining DMD.

More...

Social and psychological features of affective disorders in people during crisis periods of life

Author(s): Lianа Spytskaya / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

The study’s relevance is due to the association between mental disorders and environmental instability. A frequent consequence of stress is post-traumatic disorder, which can significantly affect the personality and disrupt adaptation, causing subjective suffering. The purpose of the article is to update information on the structure and dynamics of socio-psychological features of affective personality disorders in the crisis period of life in the Ukrainian population associated with the war. The article uses the following methods: clinical and psychological, psychometric, and statistical (in particular, descriptive statistics) methods. The results of the study demonstrate various courses of bipolar affective disorders of the continuum type with the transformation of their dynamics. The study showed a significant increase in the negative symptoms of affective disorders under the influence of stress. The researchers demonstrated the severity of both depressive and manic phases of affective disorders under the impact of stress factors. The results indicate an exacerbation of the course of affective disorders in people under difficult life circumstances. The findings have theoretical significance and are promising for further research on typologisation, classification and identifying clinical and biological manifestations to represent the specifics of pathogenesis.

More...

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Teamwork Through the Team Context, Morale, and Norms From the Team Members´ Perspective

Author(s): Slavka Silberg,Luděk Stehlík,Michal Silberg / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Organisations face the challenge of adapting to rapid change in a world of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA). They need to seize opportunities faster than their competitors and are therefore increasingly relying on teams to tackle complex tasks and solve challenging problems. The aim of this paper is to identify team members' perceptions on the scales of Context, Morale and Norms of the Team Assessment Survey II (TAS-II) in 85 Slovak work teams - important for effective collaboration. Examination of responses to the individual items using “Heartbeat analysis” revealed relatively fewer favourable votes for all but 2 of 9 items on the Norms scale, for Conflicts and Celebration (Morale scale) and Assumptions (Context scale), in contrast to the Safeguard and Accountability (Norms scale) and Understanding (Context scale) items Proud, Cooperation and Trust from the Morale scale. We discuss the possible causes. The results provide new insights and help to understand how important organisational context, team morale and norms are for the effectiveness of teamwork, as they can promote resilience, sustainable development and competitiveness.

More...

Sprytne, jeśli uczciwe. Ocena legalnych i nielegalnych zachowań podatkowych pracowników i przedsiębiorców

Author(s): Sabina Kołodziej / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

Objective: The tendency to minimize taxes paid is interpreted as self-interest concern, which is one of the basic motives for action and social perception. However, tax evasion is associated with moral judgement distortion in order to maintain a positive self-image. The aim of the study was to analyze social evaluations of tax avoidance and evasion. Due to the differences in the scope of legal and illegal methods of reducing the amount of taxes paid available to employees and entrepreneurs, the study took into account the perspective of the person making the given evaluation. Method: The study was conducted in the CAWI methodology, on a sample of Polish taxpayers (N=223). A questionnaire describing four tax situations differing in the legality of a given action and the characteristics of taxpayer with semantic differential scale: smart - not smart was used. Results: Legal tax reductions were evaluated as more smart than illegal. The evaluation of tax evasion was related to the characteristics of the described taxpayer, while tax avoidance depended also on the respondent's form of employment. A more positive evaluation of the tax decision made by respondent's professional group representative concerned only the tax avoidance made by entrepreneurs. Conclusion: Legal and illegal methods of lowering taxes are distinguished socially, and a more positive evaluation of these activities depends on their legality. The results of the study do not allow to formulate a statement about the occurrence of egocentric distortion of evaluations in relation to the analyzed tax behaviors of employees and entrepreneurs.

More...

Gry w relacji jednostka – państwo jako przejaw deformacji tożsamości obywatelskiej

Author(s): Nihora Khazratova,Inha Petrovska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

Cel: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie koncepcji ujmowania tożsamości obywatelskiej, a w szczególności jej relacji z państwem w paradygmacie podmiot–przedmiot jako gry. Metody: Analiza transakcyjna Erica Berne’a i podejście podmiotowe zostały wykorzystane jako podstawa autorskiej koncepcji gier obywatelskich. W rozważaniach prezentujemy również teoretyczne modele gier obywatelskich, a także analizę każdej gry zgodnie ze schematem Berne’a, ze szczegółowym omówieniem graczy, korzyści psychologicznych, głównych transakcji gry i wzorców wyjścia z niej. Wyniki analizy posłużyły do zaproponowania koncepcji gier deformujących tożsamość obywatelską oraz do scharakteryzowania gier według schematu analizy transakcyjnej Berne’a: „Prześladowanie”, „Patriota”, „Obrażony”, „Pasożyt”, „Heroiczny pracownik”. Konkluzja: Gry zastępują zdrową relację między jednostką a państwem, która powinna składać się ze wzajemnie korzystnych i niezbędnych transakcji. Jeśli zdrowa wymiana jest niemożliwa, używa się gry w celu zapewnienia każdemu graczowi psychologicznego zysku. Analiza gry może poszerzać świadomość jednostki w zakresie samorealizacji obywatelskiej, daje szansę „wyjścia z gry” i optymalizacji relacji z państwem.

More...