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Sexuální přitažlivost v psychoterapii z pohledu supervizorù

Author(s): Marek Kolařík,Martin Lečbych,Martina Fülepová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 3/2015

This article is devoted to a topic that is rather ignored so far in the Czech Republic. It offers the very new way of thinking about the topic of sexual attraction that can bring some kind of concern because it can be a challenge for changing previous attitude to this phenomenon. In our research we´ve decided to focuse on the question – how is this topic of sexual attraction supervised in our country and what is our supervisors´ opinion about this phenomenon, how is this topic communicated in supervision and what is the supervisors´ opinion about the relationship between client and therapist. So our effort was to take this phenomenon in the way it is and try to handle it in many different views. The research file was made of 13 supervisors (8 women and 5 men) out of Czech Republic. The design of our research was exposed as a combination of a multiple case study with the combination of qualitative experiment. The data were obtained by means of semistructured interviews which have 3 parts: a) mapping of supervisors´ own experience with the phenomenon of sexual attraction in psychotherapy and in supervision b) suggestion for the solutions of 5 model situations c) mapping of factors which can block or on the contrary can help to reveal this intimate topic in supervision. Our research results show clearly the contrast between wide spread experience with sexual attraction in psychotherapy and between the low therapists´ willingness to share these experience in supervision and in the psychotherapist training.

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Potřebujeme poradenství?

Author(s): Marek Kolařík / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2015

Lately, not much dissimilarity is considered and used between terms “counselling” and “psychotherapy”. It seems that these terms can be interchanged. They have the same aims, same ways of working and the same work subject, so there is no need to distinguish them. The latest thing, with respect with this terms confusion, is to be found in T. Řiháček’s article (Psychoterapie, 1/2014) – however it is written very rigorously – I´d like to react to that. I am going to try to give arguments why these two terms shouldn’t be interchanged or fused, for counsellors, psychotherapists and even clients sake.

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SOCIAL COMPETENCE AND ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN STUDENTS WITH ADHD BEFORE BEGINNING AND AFTER THE END OF ONLINE CLASSES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Ana Roknić,Mirjana Japundža Milisavljević,Aleksandra Đurić Zdravković / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The paper presents a study that aims to determine the relation between social competence, antisocial behavior and the severity of ADHD symptoms in older primary school students before beginning and after the end of online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research sample included 52 students with ADHD of fifth, sixth and seventh grade. The School Social Behavior Scale – Second Edition was used to assess social competence and antisocial behavior, while ADHD-related symptoms were assessed by the teacher and parental form of the Conners ADHD Index Rating Scales – Third edition. The results show that peer relations, self-management and the quality of social competence as a whole were statistically significantly worse after conducting online classes than before they started. Students with ADHD showed a significant worsening of all examined forms of antisocial behavior after online classes. Mediation analysis found that antisocial behavior before online classes does not mediate the relation between results of social competence and the severity of ADHD symptoms [β = 1.01, % 95 CI (−0.0034, 1.9989)]. After online classes, it was found that antisocial behavior played a mediating role mentioned relation [β = 1.42, % 95 CI (0.6124, 2.5768)].

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The impact of SARS-CoV2 infection on the skin and psychology

Author(s): Raluca Lazanu-Onofrei,Georgiana Bugeac,Mădălina Mocanu,Ioana Alina Halip,Adriana Pătrașcu,Laura Stătescu,Dan VÂŢĂ,Alina Stîncanu,Laura Gheucă Solovăstru / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The SARS-CoV2 pandemic that began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China caused a major change in all areas of interest in our contemporary world, the medical system being particularly affected by the large number of infections, hospitalizations and deaths daily recorded. The impact of COVID-19 disease has affected the majority of medical specialities, dermatology and psychiatry being directly involved in the multitudeconsequences of this viral infection. Skin lesions related to the systemic disease are multiple, nonspecific and varied, reflecting the range of host immune responses to SARS-CoV2 infection. It appears that maculopapular, vesicular and urticarial eruptions are the most common lesions associated to COVID-19 disease. From a psychological point of view, both medical workers and patients were equally affected. On one hand, symptoms such as depression, anxiety, stress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been frequently reported among COVID-19 positive individuals and on the other hand, physical and mental exhaustion as well as burnout syndrome have affected the entire medical community.

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PILOT STUDY OF TEACHER BURNOUT IN GEORGIAN CONTEXT

Author(s): Maya Bitsadze,Marine Japaridze / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2011

Modern schools have multiple demands to teachers causing prolonged stress often resulting in professional burnout. Research on teacher burnout is conducted at various countries of the world. Taking into account the significance of such research, two pilot research studies were conducted in Georgia. The objectives of the studies were to test the hypothesis that the majority of Georgian teachers are experiencing high burnout and simultaneously to test the adopted translated instruments for measuring burnout and proactive coping strategies. The first study surveyed 85 subjects and the second study - 193 subjects. For conducting pilot surveys an abridged version of Maslach–Burnout Self Test in combination with Greenglass’s 4 point-scale Proactive Coping Inventory and Maslach Educators Survey (MBI-ES) translated into Georgian language were used. The results of the first pilot study, in contrary to the hypothesis expecting to identify high burnout among Georgian teachers, showed that teachers have little signs of burnout and have high and moderate coping skills. In the second pilot study the hypothesis was partially confirmed in the Emotional Exhaustion aspect of burnout. For Emotional Exhaustion subscale the majority of the surveyed teachers showed moderate and high burnout. Teachers showed high scores on Personal Accomplishment subscale and low burnout on Depersonalization subscale.

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Mythomania – Our Truth is not a Lie

Author(s): Iosif Tamaș / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

Ever since the times we can refer to, we notice that man has been actively and condescendingly related to his suffering fellow, particularizing the patient in its ontic integrity – body, spirit, immortal soul – and not the disease. In short, there are patients and not diseases! Later, the same man, caring for the fate of his fellow man and the community, identified a disease of the spirit that changed the man into a kind of “inventor” of new, unreal, utopian facts. When these new facts – utopias were hidden among allegories and metaphors and the religious industry (the oldest type of corporate society) was “thought out”, while the man personified and invaded the sky, the situation became complicated and the man in question was declared ill – mythomaniac. Much later other people introduced the concept of intellectual lucidity among “seven other distinctive signs, of the man who “trusts the invitation of God”. Indeed!? We need a neuro-psychiatric certificate to justify our faith! We specify that we neither intend to analyze the “religious creativity of modern societies”, nor to outline the ideational path of the “logic of religion”. In this article we aim at identifying and introducing the roots and consequences of lying with the hidden pathological features of the human being that relate to transcendence, taking as a basis for research the text of the Bible. Here we will approach the following aspects: the falsehood in interpersonal relationships, falsehood related to Otherness and the father of lies – the one we have to beware of . In order to emphasize the pathology in question, we chose as an epistemological novelty to alternate the biblical quotations with text excerpts, personally collected from the newspaper Lupta Moldovei, a journalistic publication of Soviet propaganda, which was meant to work in the consciousness of our people to form the new ideological man. In short, we present good and evil, truth and falsehood. The reader will decide if we have succeeded.

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Introspecţia ca metodă de cercetare în psihologia experimentală.Wilhelm Wundt şi începuturile psihologiei ca ştiinţă

Author(s): Mihaita Roca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 27/2021

The meeting of the existential challenges, specific to every generation, and the positioning of precedent constructs, insufficient and limited in the transmission of information, is regarded as an important progress factor. In the second half of the XIX century, the existence and pragmatism of inclinations, trends and orientations in Philosophy, Metaphysics and Natural Science would have given a decisive contribution to the formation of the necessary conditions so that the intuitions and experimental research of Wilhelm Wundt conducted to remarkable progress in Psychology. The creation of the first laboratory of Experimental Psychology at the University of Lipsia, in 1879, highlighted the incontrovertible contribution of the introspection method, and, consequently, the history of Psychology registered the birth of Experimental Psychology as a Science.

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HEALTH CONDITIONS AND TEMPORAL STABILITY OF THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF ILLNESS REPRESENTATION IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Author(s): Damjana Panić / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2022

The study aimed to examine the effects of health conditions – previous history of cardiovascular disease (high blood pressure, hypertension, angina pectoris), heredity, risk factors for MI (smoking, obesity, hyperlipidemia, physical inactivity), and acute/chronic stress in the previous year, and socio-demographic variables (gender, age, education, relationship, and material status) on the formation and change in the mental representation of MI. In addition, the temporal stability of the internal structure of the illness representation dimensions in MI patients, and the effect the health and socio-demographic conditions may have on it, were also examined. The results point to significant effects of health and socio-demographic factors on the formation and change of myocardial infarction representation. A significant change in the internal structure of the illness representation was already found 1.5-2 months following the event. This change can only be partially explained by the examined health and socio-demographic conditions, given that after partialization of these effects, differences in the construct's internal structure at the two measurement time points remain significant. The results are discussed according to the theoretical background and previous research findings. Future research should explore the effects of some other variables that could further explain the temporal changes in the MI representation, but also the initial representation formation.

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12 STEPS AND ABSTINENCE: HOW DO I STAY SOBER?

Author(s): Tamas Hetenyi,Ibolya Kotta / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The present study was conducted among 12-steps communities of recovery (Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous) in Hungary. As these communities become more and more frequented, it is of interest to explore how recovering addicts implement their specific program of recovery and what psychological characteristics are affected by this process. The study presumed that longer time in abstinence predicted lower levels of chronic stress and higher levels of subjective well-being, given that participants were working actively on their sobriety/recovery. Thus, it was assumed that more intense work on sobriety would lead to lower levels of stress and higher levels of well-being. After filtration, N = 148 recovering addicts were included in the study. The participants completed a test-battery including queries on sobriety efforts (SEQ); Perceived Stress Survey (PSS-13) and the shortened version of WHO’s well-being questionnaire (WB15). The results show that abstinence doesn’t influence levels of stress neither in itself nor through active work on recovery. Nevertheless, a more intense work on sobriety (adhering to the 5 suggestions of 12 step program) predicted higher levels of subjective well-being. Recovering addicts commit themselves most actively to the recommendations of the 12-step communities during their first to five years of their abstinence. Our study makes a stand for anonymous recovery programs and argues that active efforts of maintaining sobriety are essential for sustainable recovery and long-term sobriety, and adherence to the five recommendations of these 12-step communities predict subjective well-being.

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LEVÉL A BENNÜNK ÉLŐ GYERMEKHEZ – GYÓGYÍTÓ ÍRÁS, BELSŐ GYERMEK, IRODALOM

Author(s): Györgyi Váradi-Kusztos / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2022

Letter to the Inner Child – Expressive Writing in Literary Context. The para-digm of expressive writing and its well-known benefits in the field of improving mental health are well known since the end of the twentieth century. In my essay, I would like to explain the connections of this approach with the highly influential works of John Bradshaw as well as the concept of self-healing through expressive writing with the help of the example found in the classical Hungarian epistolary novel Fanni hagyományai.

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MYTHODRAMA GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY APPROACH FOR ADOLESCENTS WITH BEHAVIOR DIFFICULTIES

Author(s): Tinatin Tiabashvili,Rusudan Mirtskhulava,Marine Japaridze / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Mythodrama group psychotherapy approach of resolving conflict and bullying has been successful as an intervention in a school setting. This study aimed to provide further evaluation of Mythodrama group approach. A total of 97 Georgian adolescents (Mean of age = 14.65, SD = 1.76) participated in the controlled experimental study. Participants of the experimental group received a Mythodrama group intervention during a period of three months. Analyses revealed a significant increase in emotional intelligence, prosocial behavior and adaptive coping strategies in the intervention group. No significant changes were observed in the control group. The findings suggest that adolescents’ behavior, trait emotional intelligence and coping strategies can be improved using Mythodrama intervention. Follow-up research is required to reveal the persistence and replicability of the result.

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PSYCHOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH HYPOCHONDRIAC AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS DUE TO PERINATAL CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS

Author(s): Sergii Boltivets,Yuliya Chelyadyn,Tymur Gonchar,Lyudmila Uralova,Olexiy Gonchar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Perinatal cerebrovascular lesions represent one of the important causes of the onset of mental disorders. The research addresses specific psychic pathologies of this type such as hypochondriac and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The main focus of the research is the psychotherapy for that contingent of patients. Tests and statistical trials were conducted for groups composed of persons suffering from the said disorders. Based on the results of data analysis the research reviews specific recommendations for using psychotherapeutic techniques considering their influence on clinical manifestations of hypochondria and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

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EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING AS A PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACH

Author(s): Desislava Ivanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is empirically validated psychotherapeutic approach, which uses Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model. EMDR can be applied when working with the consequences of psychological trauma and a wide range of other negative life experiences, excluding organic deficits, intoxication, and injury. EMDR therapy is conceptualized in eight phases, consisting of standardized protocols and procedures, which make easier the complete assessment of the clinical picture, patient preparation and the treatment of: past events, which place the foundations of pathology, current adverse situations and future challenges. The main focus of the therapy is the system that processes information in the brain. All dysfunctional characteristic traits, behaviors, beliefs, affects, and physical sensations are viewed from the perspective of (AIP) model as manifestations of unprocessed memories, encoded during a traumatic experience.

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THE EFFECT OF THE ADMINISTRATION SETTINGS OF PSYCHOMETRIC TESTS ON SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOM REDUCTION

Author(s): Lediona Braho,Blerta Bodinaku,Dan Pokorny / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Using psychometric measures as communication tools instead of automatic and mechanic tools to provide an immediate profile of the client, constitutes a relevant challenge in the domain of psychometric testing. Interventions in the psychometric measurement process can increase the utility of measures as potential therapeutic tools. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the measure administration setting in reducing self-reported symptoms. The administration setting was manipulated in respect to two factors: a) researcher-subject communication during the measure administration process, and b) information of the subject on the one-week retest procedure. The sample (N=147) included four randomly assigned groups in 2x2 design. The group A was provided both interactive administration of the questionnaire and information about its repetition in the one-week-later retest; group B was provided interactive administration without information about the retest; group C conducted self-administration without the presence of the researcher, but information about the retest was provided; the control group D conducted self-administration only, with none of both interventions. The study has shown the effect of the researcher-subject communication; the CORE-OM values decreased significantly by the retest administration in groups A and B. The study results support the understanding of the psychometrical measurement as a dynamical inter-personal process. Moreover, they provide a relevant hint for clinicians who can optimize the use of tests as potentially therapeutic tools.

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DYNAMICS OF DEPRESSION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BULGARIA

Author(s): Stanislava Stoyanova,Venka Petrova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Depression becomes more and more typical for adolescence. The study of dynamics of depression during the teenage years is important for differentiation of the most vulnerable periods for development of depression in this age and to be pointed out some factors that could contribute to triggering, preventing or recovering depression. This study of dynamics of depression was based on Developmental theories of dynamics of depression that relate depression to some vulnerable age groups and on the theories that relate dynamics of depression to one or more factors that trigger depression in different stages of human life. Depression in Bulgarian high – school students was compared at the beginning and at the end of the school year in a longitudinal study. 360 Bulgarian secondary school students from 9th to 12th grade were studied twice - at the beginning of the school year 2013/2014 and at the end of this school year. Several methods were used - Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. A model of dynamics of depression at upper school age in Bulgaria has been suggested. According to this model, depression slightly increases from the beginning to the end of the school year being differentiated by the types of the schools at the beginning of the school year and by the interaction of the types of schools, gender and grade at the end of the school year. Some of its correlates (anxiety, extraversion/introversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism) and social determinants (gender, school grade, and types of schools) were found. The interventions focused on diminishing anxiety, neuroticism (for example by meeting students’ expectancies) and psychoticism (developing empathy and altruism), and increasing extraversion (better communication, social support) could be effective for diminishing depression throughout the whole school year. Motivating students for participating in more extra-curriculum activities related to the students’ plans for further realisation in universities and workplace would be useful for diminishing students’ depression as the experience of special education schools indicate.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PERSONALITY DISORDER SYMPTOMATOLOGY

Author(s): Khatuna Martskvishvili,Maia Mestvirishvili / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

Disturbances in emotion are associated with the most of the diagnostic criteria of the personality disorders, though the role of emotional intelligence in the diagnosis of personality disorders has been the subject of limited research. The present study was designed to investigate the relationships between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) and personality disorder symptomatology in an undergraduate student sample. One hundred and twenty university students (28.3% male and 71.7 % female; M of age = 19.23, SD=2.45) were administered with (1) Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) (Petrides, 2009), along with (2) The Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) (Hyler E. Steven, 1994). A multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect for group with individuals without any personality disorder symptomatology scoring significantly higher than individuals with some personality accentuations on most TEIQue facets. The results suggest that different components of emotional intelligence contribute to the development of different personality disorder symptomatology, but more research is required to replicate the results with the clinical population.

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PSYCHOLOGICAL RECURRENCES AND INTERVENTION PROPOSAL FOR PATIENTS FOLLOWING BARIATRIC SURGERY

Author(s): Aída M. Reséndiz Barragán,Mariana A. Sierra Murguía / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

Obesity has been declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an epidemic, due to a growth trend in obesity rates over the past 60 years and it is estimated that by 2015 there will be approximately 2.3 billion overweighed adults and 700 million obese adults worldwide. Bariatric surgery has shown to be the most effective intervention for the treatment of severe obesity with better long-term results. While most post-operative patients of bariatric surgery show improvement in psychopathology and quality of life, psychological recurrences have been identified thereafter. It has been reported that for people who have not been able to implement changes in their lifestyle, the result of the operation may not be optimal and may even be counterproductive with undesirable outcomes, such as recovery of lost weight, malnutrition, depression and anxiety, as well as using food as a soothing agent to stressful stimuli, present failures in following the diet, as well as dissatisfaction with the staff of the clinicIn recent years the number of bariatric surgeries performed annually has tripled showing a tendency to continue increasing, psychosocial and behavioral factors play a fundamental role in the long- term effects of the surgery; for this reason, the objective of this study is to describe the main psychological recurrences after bariatric surgery as well as a proposal for post-surgical cognitive behavioral group psychological support.

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Psychosocial Peacebuilding Approach of International Association for Human Values (IAHV) - now, the first step is available online

Author(s): Agnieszka Lintowska,Mariola Seń,Iwona Klisowska / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2021

Aim. The aim of the study is to provide an overview of online workshops of the International Association for Human Values (IAHV), Healing Resilience Empowerment (HRE), which can be the first stage of intervention in dealing with trauma in refugees, in the context of the uniquely integrated psychosocial approach implemented by IAHV in war zones, refugee camps, and refugee centres.Methods. IAHV materials and resources available on the Internet, which constitute a repository of the actions of the European Union outside Europe have been searched concerning the resilience and peace-building initiatives of IAHV in Jordan and Lebanon. The method of critical literature analysis has been incorporated and a review of the scientific literature available in the English language has been used to present selected issues. For this purpose, scientific literature databases accessible on the Internet have been searched, i.e. Google Scholar, Web Of Science, Ebsco, and Elsevier.Results. The analysis shows that, nowadays, the use of online technologies in HRE workshops is recommended to the people affected by a crisis, i.e., a war, even in Afghanistan, Ukraine, or South Africa. HRE is the first/low threshold step of the psychosocial approach of IAHV towards trauma relief. It constitutes a low-cost program that transcends strictly cognitive effects into all the layers, from the physical to the deeply existential.Conclusion. The study considers the pioneering online interventions by IAHV in the first stage of their unique, integrated, psychosocial, peacebuilding approach for refugees and victims of wars and conflicts. Thus, the HRE intervention can reach a large number of victimised individuals.

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Presja edukacyjna a rozwój uzależnienia od uczenia się, uzależnienia od pracy oraz innych zaburzeń psychicznych

Author(s): Bartosz Atroszko,Paweł Atroszko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2020

The article presents the relationships between the pressure on school and academic achieve-ments felt by pupils and students with the development of study addiction, work addiction and the progression of other mental disorders and phenomena from the area of psycho-pathology (such as suicide). The current state of knowledge on work addiction and study addiction was analyzed, and the similarities and differences between engagement in an activity (work or study) and addiction to this activity were discussed. In particular, the theoretical and practical importance of the conceptualization of the problems of the deteriorating mental health of the young generation in terms of addiction to work and study, as well as their relation to the obsession with socioeconomic success was presented.

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Klinik ve adli bağlamda ruhsal travmanın değerlendirilmesinde Minnesota Çok Yönlü Kişilik Envanteri, Tematik Algı Testi ve Rorschach Mürekkep Lekeleri Testi’nin kullanımı

Author(s): Burcu Kahveci Öncü,Gülbahar Baştuğ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2022

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health problem that can occur generally because of the threat of death or serious injury. Psychological assessment tools are often used in the clinical evaluation of PTSD, whose symptoms are likely to be confused with different diagnoses. In forensic areas, people working in the mental health field often have to evaluate the presence of PTSD, especially in applications with compensation claims. This study, it was aimed to examine the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), and Rorschach Inkblot Test which are widely used in clinical and forensic psychological evaluation, and the profile characteristics that emerge in the studies where trauma victims are evaluated. Besides, the presentation of compiled information in the literature is also among the aims of this study. Studies showed that MMPI, TAT, and Rorschach Inkblot Test can be used successfully in the evaluation of trauma, but it is frequently emphasized that the information obtained from the tests alone can cause misleading results when deciding on diagnosis or forensic situations. In such cases, it is especially important to use psychological evaluation tools, and mental health professionals evaluating PTSD should have knowledge of the literature on this subject and follow current studies and so it could be ensured that the evaluations are handled more accurately.

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