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Melchior Grodziecki jako współczesny wzorzec edukacji dla pokoju w zróżnicowanym kulturowo Cieszynie

Author(s): Teresa Szymik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

St. Melchior Grodziecki is presented in the context of peace education, which constitutes a set of fundamental principles of upbringing and role modelling in the modern world, while taking into account the aspect of the Saint’s veneration in the culturally diverse town of Cieszyn. The Saint’s biography is presented in the context of the epoch in which he lived. The issue of peace education and searching for role models significant in the life of contemporary people constitutes an important area of consideration. Attention is drawn to the reverence of St. Melchior Grodziecki in culturally diverse Cieszyn, with special reference to the year 2019, which was declared in the province of Silesia as the Year of Melchior Grodziecki. Melchior Grodziecki is an important model for the inhabitants of Cieszyn. On the basis of his biography, it is possible to explain and show what an important role is played in human life by history, which determines human fate and influences the choices made.

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(Nie)inni? – autostereotyp osób o orientacji homoseksualnej

Author(s): Sylwia Ryszawy / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

The aim of the article is to present the self-stereotype of people with homosexual orientation. For this purpose, the study involved the application of the Twenty Statements Test developed by Manford Kuhn, used to describe oneself and perceive oneself. The theoretical basis for the considerations is the theory of biculturalism in relation to the acquisition of identity by a minority group. It shows the process of acquiring „biculturalism” by people with homosexual orientation, which proceeds in the opposite direction than in ethnic groups. 90 people of homosexual orientation participated in the study. The research material was collected using the snowball method. The respondents described themselves primarily in terms of groups and categories, and the research results indicate three pillars of their identity: sexual orientation, gender, sense of being human. The statements of the respondents also highlight the difficulties they face due to their sexual orientation – stereotypes, discrimination, social exclusion. The article shows homosexual people as perceiving their „otherness”, while pointing to their broad interests, passions, positive character traits, as well as negative attitudes of society towards this group and their possible consequences.

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Trend of personalization of journalism: personal brand of a journalist

Author(s): Viktoriya Shevchenko,Ellina Tsykhovska / Language(s): English Issue: 31/2022

The article analyzes the journalist’s personal brand (PB). The article aims to discover the most essential characteristics of a journalist’s PB, which make it possible to shape its success as part of the media. Special attention is paid to developing a journalist’s PB through social media. We used the search and analytical research methods - to identify scientific developments on a given topic, concretization - to detail and systematize scientific knowledge, abstraction - to distinguish the components of PB, content analysis - to study specific PB of media personalities, and extrapolation - to formulate the characteristics of a journalist’s PB. A journalist’s PB covers more characteristics than a media brand, including personal preferences, unusual circumstances, the emotional component, advantages and disadvantages of communication with the audience. Individual characteristics of PB are an image with which a journalist conveys the sense, declares principles and interests, strengths and weaknesses, demonstrates individual qualities and attitude to events in the world that belong to a media resource, and maintains one’s reputation. The image of a journalist’s PB does not always correspond to the genuine person. Accounts in social media are part of PB. PB includes visual, behavioral, and verbal components

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Коробко В. І. Телевізійна документалістика як екранне видовище. Рецензія на дисертацію

Author(s): Anastasiia Bessarab / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 31/2022

Review of the dissertation Korobko V. I. "Television Documentary as a screen spectacle " for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, defended at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv.

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Media Trust Among University Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ukraine

Author(s): Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Rizun,Sergii Viktorovich Tukaiev,Yurii Dmytrovych Havrylets,Tatyana Vasheka,Andreas Enzminger,Jürgen Grimm,Boris Palamar,Olena Mykolayivna Dolgova,Oleksandr Pravda,Mykola Makarchuk / Language(s): English Issue: 32/2022

The worldwide pandemic exacerbated the new role of the media. If previously the discussion was on whether new or traditional media had primacy in popularity and exposure, nowadays the question is whether communicating health issues through social and traditional media leads to a better understanding of their content and more trust in both types of media. We surveyed Ukrainian university students to examine their attitude towards information on coronavirus presented in the media. Results showed that although students generally prefer to use Internet news, trust in traditional media increased during the pandemic. Furthermore, we examined a general psychological portrait of young people derived from trust in the media. In the group of students who trust media information, we found indifference (39% of respondents) and helplessness (24.4%). In the group, convinced that the media were hiding the actual situation, anger prevailed (32.4%). The third group, confident that the media exaggerate everything, experienced indifference, and anger (38.5% and 32.7%, respectively). We may conclude that desire to learn more accurate and unbiased information firsthand indicates students' attitude towards traditional media as more reliable sources of information in Ukraine.

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Waves of Disinformation in the Hybrid Russian-Ukrainian War

Author(s): Tetiana Krainikova,Serhii Prokopenko / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2023

This article presents research results into waves of disinformation — massive torrents of false information directed at various audiences during the Russian-Ukrainian war in May — July 2022, intending to elicit specific communication effects (manipulation, misleading, intimidation, demoralization, etc.). It was found that waves of disinformation are characterized by narrative and intensity. Based on the Telegram statistics of the “Perevirka” bot (“Check”) developed by the Gwara Media organization, we formed a sample of the most resonant messages (298 units), which were subject to informal (traditional) document analysis, as well as classification, narrative, and comparative analysis. We identified 24 primary waves of disinformation, among which the most powerful were the following: 1) “The Armed Forces of Ukraine and those who back them are criminals”; 2) “Ukraine will lose the war”; 3) “The West does not need Ukraine as a state”; 4) “Ukraine is a country of chaos and extremists.” The recorded waves testify to the aggressiveness and multi-directionality of Russian rhetoric, which encourages the development of a productive system of information countermeasures in Ukraine and the world and the development of media literacy among the population. Based on the analysis of waves of Russian disinformation, we provided recommendations for the audience on dealing with actual and potential propaganda messages.

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Newsmakers and news sources in the “hybrid media system” (the case of the full-scale Russian invasion coverage)

Author(s): Nataliia Oleksandrivna Steblyna / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2023

The study aims to compare leading newsmakers’ and news sources’ usage in a professional mass media and a Telegram channel. The computerassisted method of news processing was used. As a result, we discovered that audiences of both professional mass media and new media consume the same content in different forms, and they deal with mostly the same newsmakers, with more considerable attention towards personalities for the Telegram channel and with more quotes from other mass media and accurate references for the online mass media. Therefore, we concluded that the general observation about the coexistence of professional and new media, where the former publishes classic “hard” news and the latter entertains people with information, may be questioned.

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КУЛЬТУРОЛОГІЧНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН МАСОВОГО ІВЕНТУ

Author(s): Olga Zasyadvovk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2023

The purpose of the article is to research urban mass events as a specific form of public communication, its institutional and communicative characteristics, and the peculiarities of its current state. Research methodology. The method of analysis is applied to investigate scientific theories on the key concepts of the study; the method of analogy is used to examine factual materials on the cultural phenomenon of the mass event; the method of comparison contributed to the establishment of common and distinctive advantages in modern mass events. The cultural approach has become the key to the theoretical justification of the phenomenology of modern events as phenomena of cultural and practical activity. The scientific novelty of the work is an attempt to theoretically conceptualise the phenomenon of mass events from the standpoint of the cultural approach as phenomena that are an important factor in the formation of socio-cultural aspects of social development, and its value self-determination. Conclusions. Mass festivals and spectacles exist in every society as an indispensable institution, a social and cultural phenomenon that unites different segments of the population, forming a peculiar form of regulation of human activity. It is a dynamic structure, the development of which is carried out in the general field of the historical and cultural environment, which determines the nature and content. Mass festivals and spectacles as the most important component of the history and modernity of culture are an integral element of the socio-cultural system, and with a reasonable approach to this phenomenon, could serve as a guarantee of social harmony and integration.

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ATHEISM, ANTI-CHURCH, FEMINISM AND THE WOMEN’S STRIKE. GROUP CASE STUDY: “GALS 4 GALS” (DZIEWUCHY DZIEWUCHOM)

Author(s): Ewa Dąbrowska-Prokopowska,Michalina Trochimowicz,Piotr Paweł Laskowski,Konrad Talmont-Kaminski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Poland has been entering a period of accelerated secularisation in recent years. The results of the CBOS survey indicate that this process is visible especially in the youngest cohorts of Poles. The Women’s Strike, which took place between 2016 and 2020, is described in the academic literature as one of the factors accelerating secularisation processes, mainly in the population of young women with feminist views. In 2021, we surveyed members of the Facebook group “Gals 4 Gals” (Dziewuchy Dziewuchom) to describe the diverse relationship between feminism and atheism and to verify our hypothesis that the Women’s Strike was an expression, rather than a cause, of respondents’ atheist attitudes. It was also important for our quantitative research to determine the attitudes of the group members surveyed towards issues such as the political activities of the Catholic Church, the operation of the moral principles of Catholicism, and perceived spiritual needs.

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PSYCHOLOGIA DYSKURSOWA

Author(s): DEREK EDWARDS / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

Discursive psychology (DP) is one of the approaches within discourse analysis. Its examines everyday conversations, social interactions and textual data. This article discusses three main strands in DP: (1) respecification and critique of psychological topics, (2) research on psychological thesaurus, and (3) studies of how psychological business (memory, emotions, etc.) is managed in and through discourse. all three are illustrated on empirical examples from a range of research, including police interrogations, telephone conversations, relationship counselling and press texts. This paper both presents PD’s contribution to the analysis of talk and text, and project it onto a broader research tradition of conversation analysis, ethnomethodology, social studies of science and rhetorical studies.

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PSYCHOLOGIA DYSKURSOWA. O CZYM MOWA?

Author(s): Jerzy Stachowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

this article is a presentation of discursive psychology (DP) – one of the approaches in discourse analysis. It is divided into four parts. Firstly, there is a general introduction to DP which includes its name, complex origins and its interesting status among other developments in social sciences. Secondly, this article attempts to answer the question “what is discourse psychology?”. Eight selected features of discourse psychology are indicated, which take into account its methodological specificity, research aspirations and achievements. the third part concerns the question: “what discourse psychology is not?”. the purpose of this section is to forestall some possible misconceptions about discursive psychology especially in its relationship to other fields such as psychology, sociology, and discourse analysis. this fourth and final part of the article comments on the relationship between the research possibilities discursive psychology opens up and the public engagement of social sciences. the article is designed to serve as an introduction to discursive psychology and attempts to make Polish sociology more acquainted with it.

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NIEPEWNOŚĆ, NIEPOKÓJ, NADZIEJA... – ROLA CHOREGO I BYCIE CHORYM W PUBLICZNEJ I PRYWATNEJ OCHRONIE ZDROWIA PSYCHICZNEGO

Author(s): Olga Żukowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The article is devoted to the narrative analysis of own research conducted in the form of an on-line questionnaire on the experiences of patients with the mental health treatment process in public and private health care centers. 57 respondents took part in the survey, which consisted mainly of open-ended questions. The research is a starting point for anthropological reflection on the condition of a modern patient or client looking for support and effective methods among specialists and institutions in the treatment of mental disorders, diseases, and in resolving interpersonal conflicts. The analysis of the narrative allowed for the identification of four main threads: (1) uncertainty as a dominant in a relationship with a specialist (2) Mental health as a resultant of financial resources (3) Lack of a clear procedure for conducting pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy (4) Psychological crisis as an ambivalent social event. what is also vital is the fact that the phenomenon of increased critical attitudes of patients, which influences the change of the patient-doctor relationship.

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W STRONĘ NOWEJ PODMIOTOWOŚCI POLITYCZNEJ. PROTESTY ABORCYJNE, TEORIA SPOŁECZNEJ REPRODUKCJI I PROCESY DEMOKRATYZACJI

Author(s): Magdalena Grabowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

The article introduces the concept of social reproduction and the perspective of reproductive justice into the deliberation on contemporary feminist activism in Poland. In the theoretical part it provides an overview of the social reproduction theory that locates contemporary struggles for women’s rights within the debate on the capitalist production and the processes of creating and sustaining life. It also discusses the applicability of reproductive justice theory, which analyses the intersectional reproductive agency within existing micro and macro power relations, in the Polish context. at the empirical level it uses results of the qualitative study with feminist and queer activists, conducted by Feminist Fund (the institution that financially supports activism by women, girls, non-binary, trans and queer activists) between 2019–2021. The analysis of 628 grant applications to the Fund, and 6 focus groups interviews with feminist and queer activists indicates that contemporary social mobilizations on behalf of women and LGbTQ+ communities within and beyond street protests, represent new political subjectivities. They are local and intersectional, and they centre on social reproduction, making a link between the women’s strikes of 2016 and 2020, as well as the earlier efforts at participatory and inclusive democracy in Poland after 1992.

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KONFLIKT UPŁCIOWIONY. SPÓR ZBIOROWY I STRAJK Z PERSPEKTYWY LIDERÓW I LIDEREK ORGANIZACJI ZWIĄZKOWYCH

Author(s): KATARZYNA RAKOWSKA / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

This article discusses gendered aspects of industrial conflict from the perspective of male and female trade union leaders. Drawing on 36 interviews with workers who have led industrial disputes and strikes, the author analyzes workplace conflict in the context of the gender of its participants and the gendered nature of organizations. The analysis of the collected material was aimed at answering the question of whether and how the gender of participants in industrial disputes affects the course of these processes, with a particular focus on the role of gender during a strike. Using categories such as demands, emotions, and family situation, this article reflects on the impact of gender and gendered occupations on the ways and possibilities of protesting, attitudes towards negotiations, used tactics, relations with colleagues and the external environment, especially family relations of participants in industrial disputes. The article complements research on the role of gender in collective labor relations and, in particular, fills a gap in the analysis of gender in industrial conflicts. The presented analysis suggests that gendered practices in organizations have an impact on industrial action practice, although the context of labor conflict is more important in many cases than the potential influences of the gender regime.

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WPŁYW OBOSTRZEŃ SANITARNYCH NA REALIZACJĘ BADAŃ TERENOWYCH W SPOŁECZNOŚCI ZRÓŻNICOWANEJ WYZNANIOWO

Author(s): Paweł Orzechowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2023

This article is one of many voices in the discussion about methodological, practical, and ethical problems related to the adaptation of field research projects to the dynamically changing and non-standard conditions of their implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The author, who is one of the managers of a scientific project focused on identifying denominational relations in a selected local environment, shares his own thoughts and observations regarding the modifications of research tools and their adaptation to the new epidemic circumstances. Redefining the research plans was one of the possible methodological strategies, implying the continuation of the project during nuisance sanitary restrictions. It was not an easy task because there was a real danger of experiencing failure, resulting from the breakdown of actions taken and the complete or temporary renouncement from the initial intentions of the project. Finally, the team which was supported by undergoing professional practice students was created. As a result, the exploration of the local environment was carried out in compliance with the applicable precautionary principles. In the following paragraphs problems related to the implementation of field research using various kinds of interviews (IDI, FGI and PaPI) and participant observation are presented and discussed. The summary of this article includes reflections on the implementation of non-standard empirical solutions and the change in the perception of scientific projects and their applied nature, as well as the ethical education of sociology learners.

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Here or there, who do you trust? Patterns of social trust following the migration experience of Romanians in Spain and France

Author(s): Mara Birou / Language(s): English Issue: Winter/2022

This paper links the concept of social trust and that of migration by exploring the interactions and dependencies between Romanian emigrants and returnees and various institutional and social actors. Consequently, the underlying question of the research is: ‘What are the ways in which migration experience is associated with social trust?’. This research discusses how experiences with public agencies in Romania or in the host country determine trust or conversely, induce the feeling of distrust. Common specific elements were taken into account, such as determinants and effects of trust, life experience as immigrants, level of integration, and level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with public entities, which linked empirically the two concepts. Drawing on a set of interviews with Romanian emigrants and Romanian returnees , this research tackles the peculiarities of emigrants’ and returnees' experiences as key factors in identifying the levels of social trust.

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RADYKALIZACJA DYSKURSU ORAZ POSTĘPUJĄCA POLARYZACJA ZDYCHOTOMIZOWANEGO SPOŁECZEŃSTWA

Author(s): Monika Strupiechowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

the discourse on changes in the law regulating the availability of abortion and the effective punishment of clergy pedophilia has undergone significant changes in recent years, becoming the subject of excessive media and group interest, which is referred to in the literature as moral panic. actions aimed at changing the law through public policies in their classical sense, despite discursively significant developments, have not resulted in the resolution of the phenomena discussed in this article. the study carried out using critical discourse analysis of key media messages and analysis of the data found allows the conclusion to be drawn that further divisions are currently taking place within highly polarised groups and that the language and demands used and formulated by the participants in the discourse are being radicalised. the aim of this radicalisation is to achieve goals, but defined differently. this process leads to changes in the functioning of symbolic elites. “Old” elites, once setting the moral values and goals of the environment’s actions, guided by political logic and gaining access to power, are put in the conflict with “new” elites, whose goals are set by politico-public logic and who reject the systemic struggle to implement their demands.

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COVID-19 sonrası kentlerde ulaşım planlamasında ara toplu taşımanın önemi

Author(s): Merve Akı Yaman,Adem Erdem ERBAŞ,Pelin Alpkökin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2023

The transportation system provides various land use functions in cities and plays a significant role in shaping the urban macroform, and public transportation ensures the balance between demand and supply. In situations where supply does not meet demand, then the transportation needs for mobility are not met. This situation has caused the emergence of special operators and intermediate public transportation systems to meet demand worldwide, specifically in the cities of Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, Asia, and Eastern Europe. Throughout the last few decades, various public transportation policies were implemented in urban areas to relieve traffic congestion, provide road security, and increase urban life quality. As a result, increasing the share of public transportation distribution and decreasing congestion costs have become possible (Small, Verhoef, and Lindsey 2007). Some public transportation policies involve the organization of intermediate public transportation systems and their adaptation to the inner-city transportation system. However, with the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020, the implementation of government restrictions and lockdowns in cities all around the world resulted in sudden declines in traveling demands. Most of these declines were associated with public transportation. By evaluating the literature published during the first wave of COVID-19 at the beginning of the spring and summer of 2020, the second wave that started in October 2020, and the third wave that pushed many countries in the spring of 2021 to re-implement lockdown prevention, this article presents a current status analysis of public transportation, particularly intermediate public transportation systems. The main findings are summarized under eight main titles: the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transportation and shared mobility, its effect on intermediate public transportation and regional development, its effect on passengers in the context of social concern, its effects on passengers concerning their socioeconomic status, its effect on the business and organizational structure of public transportation, its effects regarding environmental quality, technological situation, and urban planning.

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COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ VE ÖNCESİNDE HALKIN FARKLI DUYGU DURUM İFADELERİNE İLGİSİNİN GOOGLE TRENDLER ÜZERİNDEN ANALİZİ

Author(s): Derya GÜNDÜZ HOŞGÖR,Hacer GÜNGÖRDÜ,Haydar Kerem Hoşgör / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 3/2023

The main objective of this study is to examine whether there is a statistically significant difference in the public's interest in different emotional expressions during and before the Covid-19 pandemic. Data for the study was obtained from Google Trends, a publicly available database. The pre-pandemic period was set from March 2019-2020, and the pandemic period was set from March 2020-2021. 25 search terms related to emotional expressions were scanned, and searches were focused in Turkey across all categories. Student's t-test was used for data analysis collected between February 20-23, 2023. The top three search terms with the highest average search volume during the pre-pandemic period were "death" (81.6), "anxiety" (79.0), and "depression" (74.4), respectively. During the pandemic period, the top three were "hallucination" (66.9), "anxiety" (64.9), and "anger" (54.9), respectively. It was found that the search frequencies of the terms "melancholy", "uncertainty", "paranoia", and "hallucination" on Google increased significantly (p 0.05) during the Covid-19 pandemic period. Surprisingly, it was also found that the average search frequencies of the terms "anxiety", "depression", "stress", "panic attack", "anxiousness", "suicide", "fear", "death", "loneliness", "obsession", "despair", and "boredom" also significantly increased (p 0.05) before the Covid-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the need for interventions to address the mental health consequences of the pandemic, and demonstrate the usefulness of Google Trends as a tool for monitoring public interest in emotional expressions.

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Between Trauma and Nostalgia: Second Generation Memory of the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Katarzyna Wasiak / Language(s): English Issue: 46/2023

In this article, the author set out to analyze the war narratives of the Bosniak second generation – the generation that de facto did not experience the war, and base their stories on the experiences of their loved ones. The author shows how family narratives about the war affect the contemporary lives of those born after the war, and most im- portantly, how they affect contemporary ethnic relations in Bosnia.

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