Around the bloc: Moldovan Police: Paramilitary Band Planned Uprising
Group allegedly aimed to set up a breakaway territory like those in eastern Ukraine.
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Group allegedly aimed to set up a breakaway territory like those in eastern Ukraine.
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The basic problem of this research is connected with exploring the experiences of peer sexual harassment among elementary school girls and boys (7th and 8th grade). The study also focuses on identifying teachers’ perception of the frequency of several types of peer sexual harassment as well as teachers’ attributions why the girls and the boys are victims of it. The research is carried out in four primary schools – one rural and three urban, on a sample of 187 students and 80 teachers. The data analysis shows that (a) girls are more frequently victims in case of five out of the nine form of sexual harassment (b) boys do not declare to be more frequently victims in any of the harassing behaviors (c) the percent of girls who are repeatedly victims of harassment is considerably higher than the percent of boys with the same experience (d) the majority of sexualлy harassing behaviors are perpetuated by boys more frequently than by girls (е) teachers have adequate picture of the distribution of sexual harassment along gender lines, and (f) according to the teachers, girls are victims because they dress themselves in a provocative way and because their male peers are not aware enough that some kinds of behavior are actually harassing. These conditions clearly suggest that the elementary school girls and the boys are situated quite differently in terms of their experiences with sexual harassment. Taking into account the elementary schools in the country are gender insensitive environment where almost no preventive or intervention actions against sexual violence are taken, girls are clearly more vulnerable to the consequences of sexual harassment.
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The Republic of Macedonia is located before the adoption of a law for the prevention and protection against discrimination. In order to inform the expert and the general public about the proposed legal framework in detail, in the section: Analysis, various numbers of opinions and opinions regarding the Draft-law on Protection against Discrimination are given for this issue by official government officials, so and representatives of civic associations in Macedonia.
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Today, social problems go beyond the boundaries of the area in which they emerge and they go through different social sectors. For these reasons, the solutions for them should be comprehensive, flexible and adapted to the new reality. Adjustment of the current situation, among other things, means multi-sectoral cooperation that in its essence involves tackling the problems through joint and simultaneous action of entities from different sectors. Multi-sectoral cooperation refers to activities that are organized, implemented and attended by entities from different sectors, by sharing responsibility, but also by utilizing their resources and expertise. Although multi-sectoral cooperation is practiced at the local level for the most part, it has the opportunity to apply in a variety of combinations involving central (national) and local authorities, representatives of the private profit and non-profit sector, as well as citizens who live or work in the actual local community. Considering the complexity of the occurrence of juvenile delinquency, that is, children's offending, which according to all scientific knowledge and statistical data, decreases the age limit of children with educational and social problems and perpetrators of crimes, but at the same time the increase in the seriousness of committed criminal acts, the need for systematic, organized and comprehensive social action is imposed. As a result of the above, this paper aims to explain the need for multi-sectoral cooperation in the area of prevention and tackling the problem of child offending, but also to describe the place, role and activities of key actors in this area.
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The river Drina has been the focal point of Serbian nationalist movement and the proponents of the ideology and politics of a “great Serbia” for more than two centuries. This was proved in history as well as by the number of theoretical and empirical studies. In the continuum of Serbian nationalistic ideology, politics and practice of “great Serbia”, the river Drina has a special place and significance. Thus it was given not only a mythological, but also a symbolic significance that portrays the Drina as a backbone of an entire body of Serbian nation. Strategic aim Serbian nationalistic policy has been “eliminating the river Drina as a border between Serbian lands”.
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The stereotypical image of Serbs as the main protagonists of inter-ethnic hatred and violence in Balcan has been critically reinterpreted. The origins, dissemination and psychological functions of the myth about Serbian ethnic hatred, as immanent feature of their "national character", were analyzed in the context of social and political events and interethnic relations in the former Yugoslavia. Derived from objective intergroup situation, this image has become important inherent part of that situation in the last fifty years, as well. It was used for propaganda purposes, as a mean for "ideologization" (that is, prejudiced interpretation and justification) of political actions committed by various ethnic groups and nationalities for the purpose of fulfillment of their competitive interests. In that way, it has significantly influenced the course of political processes and relations in this region, as well as the very destiny of Serbian people (and the state). This image was verified and reinterpreted in the light of comparative research data relating ethnic distance, stereotypes and exclusive nationalism in the former and contemporary Yugoslavia.
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In the first part of the paper author discusses and interprets both the findings of research carried out during 1993 on the random sample of 192 women and statistical data resulted from three years period of work of SOS hoteline in Belgrade. Also, the qualitative analyses of the cases reported to both SOS hoteline and the Shelter for battered women is used as the base of the discussion about the specific influence of war and economical crises on domestic violence against women.
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Prevention of juvenile delinquency and reducing recidivism at children in conflict with the law are the basic objectives of the juvenile justice reform in the Republic of Macedonia. However, eight out of ten convicted children are later accused of new offenses. The mentoring programme helps for reducing this high level of offense recidivism. The main idea is to create alternative models for supporting children with their active participation in the accomplishment of their best interests. The mentoring programme is a revolutionary novelty in the juvenile justice system in the country. This is a possibility for the children in conflict with the law to cooperate with a mentor who represents an example of a person with positive behavior. Each child needs to take a leaf out of somebody's book, a positive example that can guide and support them. The parents and guardians (hereinafter called: parents) also play significant role in the programme. One of the specific programme objectives is to enhance the knowledge, skills and sensitivity of the parents, to promote responsible parenthood, healthy family relations, support and encouragement for the child.The programme accomplished excellent results with the mentors and the children. When the mentors were asked how this programme changed them, all the mentors agreed that the programme made them more decisive, patient, tolerant, dedicated, and ambitious. The mentors gained greater personal confidence, and also learned how to adapt to difficult situations and how to resolve problems. In the course of the programme they enhanced their professional knowledge. All of them stated that the programme opened new horizons about their lives and work. The children gained independence, self-confidence and the results in the school significantly improved. The mentoring programme also had positive impact in the family relations. The children understood the importance of the personal development. They enhanced their self-control, and learned how to be punctual and to respect other people. The children learned how to efficiently use the indicated resources. They regularly attended the foreign language and computer training courses, and also attended the medical examinations. All the children continued their education and have a precise idea what would they like to do in the year to come.
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Public order and peace are particularly important social values. Therefore, these social values are protected by two types of felonies in the Republic of Serbia. These are: a) Criminal acts provided for in the Criminal Code, and b) violations foreseen in the Law of Public Order and Peace or other laws in this field. For the perpetrators of these punishable behaviors which are harmful or threatening to public order and peace, criminal or penal sanctions are foreseen, depending on their nature and character. The paper analyses the system of violations against public order and peace in the Republic of Serbia, their characteristics and measures of social reaction towards their perpetrators from the scope of judicial theory and court practice.
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This paper presents the last amendments to the criminal legislation significant to the improvement of the protection of victims of prostitution in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper focuses on the amendmants to the Criminal Code of the Bosnia and Herzegovina with a new incriminations which are of significant to the protection of prostitution victims.The amendmants have been analyzed from the perspective of the most significant intenational (European) requirements and recommendations. In conculsion, the authors set out a new codification or measures de lege ferenda for a proper implementation which would be in compliance with with Convencions of UN, Recomendings and Directives EU and Istanbul Covnecion.The authors intention is to use comparative method for the provide a comparative overview of national mechanisms for the prevention of prostitution and sugested the best measures on the identify victims of prostitutions basic on the different practices in Europe.
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The authors, based on penologists Johnson’s typology how to adjust behavior in prisons, have noted that prisoners are those whose way of adapting to the conditions in the prisons prisonisation, resistance, and the dependence of the prison, are the basis for the emergence so-called prison gangs. Also, it was pointed out that there is no one universally accepted definition of prison gangs, but that each penologist highlights the essential elements of his determination. Period of creation gangs within the prison walls is related to the fifties and sixties of the last century. In the majority of prison gang as alleged grounds of emergence are race and ethnicity, where “membership” is limited only to men. This paper presents the most violent gang of convicts, like Gypsy Jokers, Mexican Mafia, Aryan Brotherhood, Black Guerrilla Family, etc.
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Moglo bi se a priori pretpostaviti da samoubistvo zavisi od dve vrste individualnih uslova. Postoji, najpre, spoljašnja situacija u kojoj se nalazi počinilac. Ljudi koji se ubijaju doživeli su porodičnu žalost, razočarali se u svome samoljublju, morali da podnesu bedu ili bolest, ili su pak imali sebi da prebace kakvu krivicu, itd.
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Dans cet article nous nous sommes occupšs de deux types de suicides sug-; gestifs: 1) le suicide en tant que consequence d'une identification avec un module donne, et 2) le vrai suicide suggestif, c'est-a-dire le suicide qui se fait grace a I'effet suggestif d'un suicide qui a cornmis quelqu’un auparavant.
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Koljanin je uspeo da celovito rekonstruiše Logor Sajmište od osnivanja do zatvaranja, logorski režim i život zatočenika; da predstavi sve njihove muke i stradanja, da prikaže žrtve i dželate. Na jednom fragmentu nacističke tiranije demonstrirao je prirodu »novog poretka«. Pojava u malom otkriva sva obeležja nacističke doktrine i njene primene. Šta bolje о tom sistemu može da govori od krvave računice čiji je bilans izražen u brojkama, zastrašujući: u logor je dovedeno 31.972 zatočenika, život je izgubilo 10.636, ili svaki treći. Krvava meljava nacističkih ubica odnosila je 13 života svakog dana. Od tih činjenica ledi se krvu žilama. A takvih je logora bilo - podseća nas Koljanin - od 500 do 800 u Nemačkoj i okupiranim zemljama. Po otuđenosti, nakaznosti, infernalnosti naredbodavaca i izvršilaca stravična zaostravština nacizma konsternira ljude i posle pola veka. Zar je to moguće, može se zapitati tek usamljeni i nepopravljivi čovekoljubac? Nisu li ti m učitelji iz Lombrozove galerije rođenih zlikovaca? Ne. lako je takvih nastranih pojedinaca moralo biti i bilo u svim vremenima velikih meteža, ipak su u pitanju zločinci koje je stvorio sistem nacizma, njegova ustaška i druge varijante. Po generalu Gleze fon Horstenau, ustaški zločinci su nadmašivali nemačke naciste. Hitlerov general, nacional-socijalist, grozio se od kriminalnog ubice kakav je bio Eugen - Dido Kvaternik. Često su navođene reči ovog Bečlije: »Kakva li je to država koja proždire trećinu svog stanovništva«? Užasavanje nije svakako izraz Glezovog srbofilskog kompleksa, već neslaganje sa ustaškim načinom. Nije li sam firer podsticao poglavnika na nacionalno »čišćenje« NDH, jer za 50 godina može biti kasno?
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I pored toga što mesto okupiranog područja Srbije u »novom evropskom poretku« za sve vreme okupacije nije bilo jasno definisano, osnovni ciljevi nemačke uprave mogu da se identifikuju. Nesmetana eksploatacija materijalnih i ljudskih potencijala, kao i održavanje mira u Srbiji ostvarivani su različitim, najčešće bezobzirnim i besprimerno surovim metodama prema svim stvarnim ili potencijalnim vojnim ili političkim protivnicima. Teror okupatora u Srbiji sprovodio se u oba svoja vida, i kao način vladanja i kao genocidni teror. Potpunom uništenju, kao i u drugim okupiranim zemljam a, bili su izloženi Jevreji, a delimično i Romi. Međutim, genocid je bio usmeren i na srpsko stanovništvo о čemu svedoče ne samo masovni zločini, nego i delom ostvareni planovi о interniranju i preseljiavanju celokupnog stanovništva sa ustaničkih područja.
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The structure and the dynamics of the crisis are being analysed on an arbitrary (and suitable) sample of a 100 families where only the husband and the father is a chronic alcoholic. All of ithe alcoholics were treated in the Institut for alcohilism and drug abuse in Belgrade, between 1972 and 1976. The main research instrument was a questionnaire for a wife, which, apart from the social characteristics, the family history and so on, included a scale of 51 questions about the disturbances in every important part of the marital-family life.
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Iskaz Dr FRITZA LEA, poreklom iz Ludwigsfelda, blizu Tetlowa kod Berlina, nemačkog podanika, zakletog pred majorom Savile Geoffreyem Champion RA, iz pravnog štaba br. 1 istražnog tima za ratne zločine.
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During the European Witch Craze (c.1450-1650) tales of the "witches’ sabbat" circulated across the continent. These tales included lurid details of sex and debauchery conducted between women and demons, supported by numerous confessions given by accused women. However, historians have long noted that there is no evidence that any such "sabbat" ever occurred. This paper argues that the idea of the "witch" was a category of person created by a European clerical elite convinced that Satan was active in the world, and tales of the sabbat were generated by these same elites in order to spread awareness of what many viewed as a real and present danger. This concept was one part of a hegemonic discourse that many found useful for its explanatory power and its anxiety reduction benefits.
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Studying determinants of exposure to the community violence is vital for creating prevention programmes and reducing violence among early adolescents. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between determinants (gender, aggressiveness, depressive reactions, self-esteem, parental control, perceived social support from family, peers and teachers) on the one hand, and young adolescents’exposure to violence in the community in the sense of being a direct victim of violence at school and in the neighbourhood on the other. The research sample consisted of 300 early adolescents (160 girls, 138 boys and two participants who did not specify their gender) with average age 12.97 (SD=1.17). Applied instruments: Scale of aggression; Birleson’s depression scale; Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale; Parental control scale; Scale of perceived social support; Victimization Scale (Scale of exposure to violence in school as a victim and the Scale of exposure to violence in the neighbourhood as a victim). According to the results of the logistic regression analysis, it was established that the regression model explains 19.6% of the variance criteria of community violence exposure as a direct victim of violence at school and the omnibus test model is statistically significant. Predictors with a statistically significant contribution to the explanation of the criterion are: depressive reactions, aggressiveness, parental control, support from peers. Furthermore, according to the results of the logistic regression analysis, the model explains 11.8% of the variance criteria of community violence exposure as a direct victim of neighbourhood violence, and the omnibus test model is statistically significant. In the prediction of the criterion measure, depressive reactions, gender, aggressiveness and parental control all participate.
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The review of: Gražina Miniotaitė, NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE IN LITHUANIA: A STORY OF PEACEFUL LIBERATION, Monograph Series, Number 8 ISSN 1052-1054 ISBN 1-880313-10-6 Boston, The Albert Einstein Institution, 2002, 98 p.
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