Образователната интеграция в измеренията на приобщаващото и на интеркултурното образование

Author(s): Plamen Makariev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

From 2004 through 2015 a Strategy for Educational Integration of Children and Students from Ethnic Minorities has been worked out and elaborated by the Ministry of Education. This article aims to examine the relationship between the Strategy and the state educational standards, regarding the problems of educational integration - the standards for inclusive education and for civic, health, environmental and intercultural education.

Разрешаване на конфликтни ситуации в училище от учители медиатори

Author(s): Tatyana Dronzina,Biserka Mihaleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

Life is too short to waste time, energy and stress in dragging the unresolved conflict – especially if it makes you suffer every day. Frequent clashes with violence in schools seem hopeless. Obviously, we can not approach in the same way, i.e. applying only disciplinary punishments and expect a different result. We need to use actual working instruments. Mediation is a powerful tool for resolving conflict situations in school. In school mediation that is also known as school intervention meetings are held in order to achieve mutually satisfying dispute resolution, supported by a neutral third party (mediator) in the cozy space of open dialogue and partnership. School mediation is an effective method for the so called “win-win” resolution of disputes, enabling both sides involved in the conflict to win and continue their relations, having mutual interest. It is possible to transform disputes by school mediation before they have occurred. It is also possible to transfer disagreements into creative energy. The article presents various conflict situations, real for Bulgarian school, and a way that they can be resolved by the teachers-mediators.

Setting the Stage for Bridging Disability and Trauma Studies: Reclaiming Narrative in Amy and the Orphans

Author(s): Josephine Barnett / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

Disability studies and critical trauma studies are both deeply concerned with the social construction of meaning and identity. However, these disciplines often remain mutually disengaged, inadvertently overlooking shared mechanisms of oppression that foster stigma. This article explores the novel depiction of disability and trauma in the play Amy and the Orphans by Lindsey Ferrentino. Amy, a character with Down Syndrome, challenges disability stereotypes by exercising autonomy; she is not solely defined by her disability or her experiences of abuse. The theatrical narrative is one of both disability and trauma, encouraging a nuanced reflection on the origins of stigma and revealing how theatre can be used as a tool of resistance to reclaim agency through performances that challenge conventional ‘disability’ stereotypes.

The Double Consciousness and Disability Dilemma: Trauma and the African American Veteran

Author(s): Sharon D. Raynor / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

Daniel Morrison and Monica Casper contend that disability studies and its cultural locations have been remarkably silent on matters of the traumatic origins of many disabilities, on the ongoing relationship between shocking events, their abrupt and chronic impact, and experiences of disability. This article explores how critical disability studies must intersect with critical trauma studies to address how the African American Vietnam war veterans who, traumatized and disabled by war and conflict, are further marginalized by societal constraints of race, class and gender. This essay focus on an understanding of W.E.B. DuBois’s ideology of double-consciousness, critical race theory and cultural studies and how they can emphasize the intersection of war injury and disability with a tremendous regard for the lived racial, class and socio-economic oppressions that contributed to what military service and disabilities of the African American Vietnam veteran reveal about masculine identity.

Доброволчеството в спорта – мощен фактор за интеграция, подобряване на образованието и устойчивото развитие

Author(s): Albena Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

The article is devoted to the positive trends and problems of volunteer initiatives in sport among learners. Based on an in-depth analysis of the current system of volunteering, the basic requirements for achieving a qualitatively new approach based on the following objectives are outlined: the formation of a targeted policy in the field of volunteering as a whole and in particular in sport, which contributes to the achievement quality results according to the National Strategy for Development of Physical Education and Sport in the Republic of Bulgaria 2012 – 2022 and the European framework programs; socio-economic impact of including learners in sport events as volunteers of their results and benefits; development of sports organizations and institutions as equal partners. This article is based on official documents, as well as the monitoring of volunteer sports events. A specific proposal for improving the system has been made.

Тенденции в класификацията на лица с умствена изостаналост

Author(s): Milen Zamfirov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

This paper presents the historical tendencies in the development of classification of intellectual disability. There is an overview of the different revisions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Additionally, there is comparison among different classifications of intellectual disability based on the revisions transition of ICD.

Cyberbezpieczeństwo sektora ochrony zdrowia. Przypadek Polski na tle tendencji światowych

Author(s): Julia Makuch,Mateusz Guziak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The subject of this article is an attempt to systematize the knowledge about the data breach phenomenon and its fluctuations in time. Medical data administration standards and the most common causes of their leakage were discussed. The literature on cybersecurity in the healthcare sector was analyzed. Cyberattacks are now more sophisticated and better financed, and their number is growing. One of the reasons is the increasing value of medical data on the black market. At the same time, in Poland, the awareness of threats is primarily low, resulting in a disrespectful approach to reporting incidents, insufficient qualifications of medical personnel in the field of cyber hygiene, and the non-transparency of the information policy of the services. In the face of the current COVID-19 pandemic and the increasingly faster digitisation of the medical industry, this problem may increase further. It is necessary to establish a dialogue between cybersecurity experts and specialists related to the medical industry.

Предпочитан начин на управление и комуникационни характеристики на роботите асистенти в зависимост от индивидуалните нужди на потребителите

Author(s): Margarita Bakracheva,Nayden Chivarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

In the article are outlined the results of a project aimed to describe the use of robot assistants in the light of improving the quality of life in the context of an aging population and increased percentage of people with disabilities in Europe. This shifts the focus to uniting and integrating the efforts of different sciences in search for adequate operating measures and stressing on what people with specific difficulties can, but not on what they cannot do, and maintenance of the autonomy of seniors living alone. The preferences regarding the assistant robot’s control, appearance, functions, and voice, people with disabilities and seniors living alone have, are described. Two groups of users’ preferences are identified - universal and specific, which is a valuable guidance for optimal consideration of the general and subjective characteristics and needs.

Premises for a Multicultural Approach to Education

Author(s): Anzhelina A. Koriakina,Lyudmila Amanbaeva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The goal of education at the present stage is development of a person able to participate in intercultural communication in modern multicultural conditions. Based on this goal, modern education should be based on the principles of a multicultural approach to education that can serve as a response to the challenges of ethnic diversity. In order to more fully disclose the value of a multicultural approach to education, we need to examine its premises. In the article, the premises for a multicultural approach to education are analyzed. It is revealed that there are some pedagogical, philosophical, and psychological premises for it.

SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON HOW HUMAN SECURITY HAS BEEN AFFECTED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC, WHICH HAS BROKEN HUMAN LIFE, FREEDOM, AND DIGNITY (PART I)

Author(s): Valentin-Stelian Bădescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Today we are experiencing a deep crisis in society, accentuated by the pandemic with this Coronavirus, but chronicled and accentuated by the gloomy prospects after the end of the plague. What is happening is not at all proof of the lucidity of the world, no testimony of solidarity, and no proof of vigilance in the service of universal values. What is happening is simply evidence of gross manipulation, produced against the background of the lack of education and culture of the population. Everyone who goes to a serious school and accumulates enough knowledge of general culture - not necessarily historical - knows that each historical epoch has its own values and prejudices. Many times, what had been perfectly moral and legal in the past had become immoral and illegal in newer times. Of course, over time things have changed gradually, in stages and now the pandemic, artificially created and premeditated, has profoundly affected human security with the immediate consequence of altering life, dignity, rights, and fundamental freedoms, the rule of law being on the verge of dissolution. How did you get here and what to do, here are the questions that this study is trying to answer.

The Long and Short Twentieth Century: An Exploration of Institutional Care

Author(s): Anelia Kassabova,Kristina Popova,Milena Angelova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

Beyond the Welfare State: Some Notes on Child – and Elderly Care in Rural Austria During the First Decades of the 20th Century

Author(s): Maria Papathanassiou / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

This article deals with aspects of the history of social welfare in the European rural countryside, a topic which has received little attention by historians. It explores child and early youth care, as well as elderly care strategies and practices in Austrian peasant societies during the first decades of the twentieth century, pointing out that official as well as public interest in social welfare prioritized children and early youth over old age, and urban areas over rural ones. The paper argues that in the regions under examination child- and elderly care systems operated “beyond the welfare state” system, as the title goes, while also existing parallel to its early manifestations, and sometimes (as far as laws are concerned) in a relationship with it. Foster care was the primary mechanism for taking care of out-of-wedlock children, who constituted valuable labor force for peasant households. Provision of food and shelter to the elderly (usually former rural servants), by rotating peasant households, remained a fundamental mechanism for taking care of the aged poor well into the twentieth century. In contrast to the welfare provided by the mature twentieth century welfare state, these forms of social welfare were largely associated with social discrimination and feelings of shame, during a period of apparent transition to a new era of social welfare.

The Vicissitudes of Foster Care in Interwar Yugoslavia and the Global History of Child Protection

Author(s): Victoria Shmidt / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

This article deals with the possibilities and limits of rooting foster care in interwar Yugoslavia, which was primarily presented through a local project in Savska Banov-ina and reflected in a health film produced by the School of Public Health. The vicissi-tudes of foster care in Yugoslavia are set in the global and Balkan contexts, and in relation to interstate settings for child protection and its initial institutionalization as a strategy for legitimizing the new supra-national institutions of social work and post-1918 nations. The public representation of foster care to the international community and wider audiences in Yugoslavia is explored by examining the reports of Mica Trbo-jević, one of the main proponents of foster care, prepared for the First Balkan Con-gress on Child Protection (1936), and the film Spas male Zorice (1931 by Mladen Širola). Discursive practices aimed at promoting foster care are discussed in compari-son to mainstream visions of families, children and rural communities, disseminated among Yugoslav and international experts.

‘A Child of Misfortune’: Eugenics and Children Reception Centres in Post-War Britain

Author(s): David Peace / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

This article explores the enduring influence of eugenic ideas on British psychiatry and social policy in the aftermath of the Second World War, with a specific focus on the establishment of children reception centres. It provides a detailed case study of the Caldecott Community in Kent, and its involvement in the creation of an experimental reception centre, alongside members of the British Eugenics Society, notably the psy-chiatrists Hilda Lewis and Carlos Blacker. It demonstrates how these psychiatrists attempted to forge a link between childhood behavioural development and adult neu-roses based upon environmental influences, such as adverse home conditions, coupled with assumptions about the hereditary susceptibility of behaviours and abilities linked to the causes of poverty. It explores how eugenic ideas influenced the categorisation of ‘problem families’ during the experiment, the collection of family and social back-ground history on the children sent to the reception centre, and how hereditarian ideas influenced the eventual separation of children from their parents. The article demonstrates how eugenics, via a pathologisation of childhood and family life, was able to integrate into the policy debates on child welfare within early post-war Brit-ain.

To Walk Again? The Children's Sanatorium in Momin Prohod for the Rehabilitation of Children with Poliomyelitis

Author(s): Kalinka Anchova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

In the Bulgarian context of child healthcare and socialist health policy, this study focuses on the Children’s Sanatorium in Momin Prohod, which was dedicated to the rehabilitation of children with long-term disabilities resulting from poliomyelitis epi-demics. Established in the early 1950s, it was the only specialized healthcare facility of its kind in Bulgaria, combining both therapeutic-rehabilitative and educational work. The sanatorium gained international recognition and even treated patients from abroad, including from countries on the other side of the ‘Iron Curtain’. Institutional-ly-focused in nature, this research is situated within the dominant medical model of the time. Chronologically, it spans the 1950s and 1960s, and is based on official doc-uments from state archives.

The "Family Children's Home" Experiment ‒ an Alternative to Institutional Care (1984 ‒ 1992)

Author(s): Hristinka Basheva-Nikolova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

Caring for children in need is a global issue and cause. Every country seeks effective models to implement and adapt in its social environment. An example of such an effort in Bulgaria is the creation and implementation of Family Children's Homes. This was a social experiment aimed at placing children in need within a family environment. The first of these homes was established in 1987 in Pernik, followed by additional homes in Sofia and Pleven. Inspired by foreign practices, the experiment began with the preparation and placement of children in "Family Children's Homes". Before in-troducing this alternative to institutional care in Bulgaria, the traditions of family orphanages in Czechoslovakia and Poland were studied. The concept of the experi-ment is closely resembling modern social service and protective measures such as fos-ter care. The paper examines the emergence of family orphanages in the twentieth century as an alternative form of institutional care. It focuses on the experiment’s development, set against the background of the general concept and organization of institutional care in Bulgaria. The research is grounded in fieldwork in the city of Pernik and the diary book "Hungry for Love" by Tsvetana Doneva, the director of the "First Family Children's Home" in Bulgaria.

A Comparison Across the Iron Curtain. Continuities and Discontinuities of Residential Care in the Two German States

Author(s): Felix Berth / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

This article analyses the history of residential care for babies and toddlers in the two German states between the 1950s and the 1980s. A comparative perspective is em-ployed to delineate similarities and differences in their developmental trajectories. Initially, parallel trends could be observed: in the first period, infant homes for babies and toddlers exhibited significant growth in East and West Germany, and the scien-tific discourse manifested conformity in both. Substantial disparities emerged only in the 1960s. In capitalist West Germany, these institutions were rapidly dismantled due to alarming findings from scientific research. In contrast, within socialist East Germa-ny, the infant homes for babies and toddlers gradually vanished from public discourse while simultaneously enduring as an institution for residential care until the collapse of the German Wall in 1989.

Augmenting Community Response to COVID-19 Challenges: Lessons from Andhra Pradesh, India

Author(s): Rajna Mishra,Preeti Kumar,Sakthivel Selvaraj / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

The scale and magnitude of the COVID-19 catastrophe are daunting, especially in a lower-middle-income country (LMIC) like India. This study attempted to examine barriers and challenges in accessing COVID-19 services among vulnerable groups including women, children, elderly, persons with disabilities/co-morbidity/underlying medical conditions, and migrant labourers from sampled rural and urban areas of Vijayawada in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A cross-sectional mixed method research design was adopted. Desk review followed by in-depth interviews using a purposive sampling strategy among 46 target respondents, including 25 beneficiaries and 21 Decision Makers/COVID Care Providers, was carried out. The outcomes from this study showedthat though testing capacity has surged, and services were made available there is a need to expand testing in rural areas, preferential deployment of WHO point of care diagnostic kits by outreach workers, enforcement of preventive measures, addressing misinformation on non-pharmacological interventions and sensitisation on COVID-19 vaccination. Public health services such as Immunisation, Reproductive and Child Health, Tuberculosis, and other non-COVID health services need to be strengthened, and existing measures on food and supplies for the vulnerable to be sustained.

Przegląd naruszeń cyberbezpieczeństwa danych medycznych w polskim sektorze ochrony zdrowia w 2023 roku

Author(s): Mateusz Guziak,Kacper Ziarnik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

Electronic Medical Records (EMR) have become the default method for collecting and storing data in the healthcare sector. However, medical data aggregated in this manner are particularly vulnerable to cyber threats, which have notably intensified in light of the war in Ukraine. This situation poses new challenges for the healthcare sector, necessitating enhanced measures to protect both EMR and the cybersecurity of the entire sector. This article reviews the literature and reports from government and international institutions covering the period from 2013 to 2023. Databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using terms related to healthcare sector cybersecurity and medical data. The materials were critically analysed. Additionally, a review of media reports describing cybersecurity breaches in the Polish healthcare system in 2023 was conducted using Google Search. The authors present that in 2023, hospital infrastructure remained susceptible to cyber threats. The healthcare sector frequently became the target of cyberattacks, with medical personnel being their primary focus. Polish medical institutions reported 405 incidents of cyber threats, with ransomware being the most common type of attack. The analysis of incidents highlighted a significant diversity of attacks. Among the most noteworthy incidents in 2023 were an attack on the server infrastructure of TW-MED Medical Center and a ransomware attack on ALAB Laboratories. The number of cybersecurity threat incidents in the healthcare sector remains high. In the face of these challenges, effective actions are necessary to ensure the safety of patient data. We emphasise the crucial role of staff education in this regard. Collaboration between medical institutions and cybersecurity experts appears essential for ensuring the effective protection of medical data in an era of increasing cyber threats.

PRIKAZI

Author(s): Dželila Babović,Vedad Hurić,Hamza Kurtanović,Berin Bajrić,Đenita Haverić,Madžida Mašić,Amir Džinić,Emina Mostić,Elma Dervišbegović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 73/2023

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