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Review of: Professionalism in Probation: Making Sense of Marketisation. By Matt Tidmarsh. Abingdon: Routledge, 2022. 222 pp. ISBN: 978-0-367-62193-3. Reviewed by: Anne Worrall.
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The purpose of this paper is to present the possibilities of therapeutic actions towards the persons who use violence in family, which can be taken in the conditions of prison isolation. Clinical practice and scientific reports indicate clearly that empirically verified therapeutic actions towards such persons in terms of their problems or disorders are absolutely legitimate. The specificity of prison isolation conditions influences establishing therapy relationship (therapeutic covenant), moreover, the bond building between the therapist and the prisoner may pose some kind of training to create relations based on mutual respect and trust. In the paper hereby, the possibilities of working with a person who used to be violent in family life, in particular in romantic relationship (IPV – Intimate Partner Violence), are presented, in the behavioral and cognitive trend as well as in the systemic trend. Deeper analysis of possibilities to use therapeutic actions indicates that bonding these two techniques is legitimate. On one hand, the patient is equipped with instruments and techniques to change their behaviour, on the other hand, the field to work in a wider family context is created.
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For several years the interest in child development and behavioral disorders in context of parental incarcerationt has been increasing.In addition, scientists are trying to determine whether parental imprisonment is a symptom of a more global family dysfunction, or an independent risk factor to which the child may be exposed? This article will analyze the most important studies on adolescent children of prisoners, as well as recommendations for future research and examples of interventions for this group of children.
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Charakterystyce poddano myśl teoretyczną i praktyczne rozwiązania w systemie (ach) penitencjarnych od XVI do I poł. XIX w. Szczegółowo omówiono Kodeks Karzący z 1818 r. w Królestwie Polskim, który zawiera szereg intersujących informacji z historycznego, prawnego i pedagogicznego punktu widzenia oraz pozwala na zagłębienie ówczesnej myśli i pragmatyki w zakresie istoty, rodzajów i znaczenia kary pozbawienia wolności oraz zasad na których miała się odbywać resocjalizacja osadzonych.
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Przestępstwa seksualne wobec dzieci stanowią szczególny obszar zainteresowania społecznego, nadużycie dziecka jest przekroczeniem norm obyczajowych, prawnych oraz biologicznych. Akt przemocy seksualnej wobec dziecka wywołuje niezmiennie silne oburzenie społeczne. Sami sprawcy przestępstw stanowią grupę niehomogeniczną o różnych historiach życia, co wpływa na trudność używania miarodajnych narzędzi szacujących ryzyko ponownego popełnienia czynu. W poniższym artykule opisano diagnostykę pedofilii według wydania DSM-5 oraz przedstawiono najbardziej popularne modele wyjaśniające złożoną etiopatogenezę zaburzeń preferencji seksualnych pod postacią pedofilii. Poddano także analizie stosowane i rekomendowane programy terapeutyczne oraz ich ograniczenia.
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A permanent problem facing modern society concernes the provision of public order and peace and security of people, as well as their movable and immovable property. This especially reflects the situation in local communities and local self-government units (municipalities, cities), since local communities, constitutionally and statutory, are closest to the citizens themselves. The situation at the level of local communities and local self-governments is, of course, reflected at the level of the state. Modern social movements, as well as modern security challenges, do not have a growing need to identify, search for and find adequate tools, methods, instruments, or various measures aimed at ensuring public order and a higher level of security of citizens and their property. The best and most effective measures are those aimed at cooperation of police bodies and officials with local self-government units (municipalities and cities) and local communities, ie cooperation with the citizens themselves. Citizens are those whose interests and preferences should come first and whose personal and property security should be in connection with the work on the implementation of measures that will enable better cooperation between citizens and police authorities. The basic research is that mutual continuous and constructive cooperation of the police with the local community contributes to raising the level of security of citizens, as this affects the awareness of citizens on the place and role of the police, which ultimately results in reducing the number of crimes and greater security of citizens. For the purposes of the research, all basic methods were used, and for the purposes of obtaining data, the methods of analysis (content) of documents were used.
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This study aims to examine animal-assisted interventions used in penitentiary institutions and to examine the effects of these interventions on prisoners. In the literature review conducted within the scope of the study, the words “animal assisted, pet assisted, dog assisted, horse assisted, interventions, therapy, inmate, prisoner” were used in combination. Seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were examined. One of the studies in this study was conducted according to the experimental design of the quantitative research method, one according to the quasi-experimental design of the quantitative research method, one to the mixed method, and four to the qualitative research method. As a result of the review of the seven articles discussed within the scope of the study, it was seen that the animal-assisted interventions used in penitentiary institutions positively had affected the psychosocial health of prisoners, helped prisoners gain new skills in self-awareness, coping with negative thoughts and coping with stress, self-expression, anger and negative emotion management, and self-care skills and maladaptive prisoner behaviors such as self-harm and aggression. It was also found that the prisoners were satisfied with these practices. These results have led to the conclusion that animal-assisted interventions may be beneficial in penitentiary institutions.
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Psychological well-being and mental health of elderly inmates are investigated by the international organizations, committees, and researchers. One of the main factors that influence their quality of life, daily mood, and well-being is interpersonal relationship. Numerous empirical data confirm the importance of interpersonal relationship, and attitudes toward aging. A definition of attitude item can be explained as an evaluation of a stimulus as reflected in our cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses to the problem (Fiske &Taylor, 1991). In the field of geriatric psychology, research has focused on the problem of interpersonal relationship between elderly people and workers in prison environments. Prison officers are in interpersonal relationship with inmates and have responsibility for the safety, and security of the prison facility, and also for managing organizational demands (Schaufeli & Peeters, 2000). Some researchers have shown that the health, and wellbeing of prison officers remain poor, and risk of being affected by different mental health problems, as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (Viotti, 2016). A systematic review of research and policy papers, articles that published on interpersonal relationship between elderly inmates and officers in correctional facilities, also effective programs outcomes were conducted. The main symptoms of the problem were measured with a special checklist and questionnaires. The quality of life was measured QOL survey that was made based on WHO (World Health Organization) QOL questionnaire. 200 elderly prisoners have been involved in the research from different prison regimes of Azerbaijan correctional facilities between 2019-2020. A systematic approach in psychological work with elderly prisoners, also officers allows for the transition from a symptomatic to a personality-oriented level of psychological impact. Psychological emotional support can renew their hope on life, influence positive outcomes of the support program. According to the results of repeated psychological research, the patient's condition was characterized by positive dynamics: the level of psychological distress and the intensity of psychological distress significantly decreased, the general internality of the personality increased, as well as the subjective assessment of personal well-being. It is necessary to focus the attention of specialists on the advisability of using psycho-educational programs in a prison environment, providing information about the aging dynamically. Such programs, used at the initial stages of work with patients, contribute to the creation of motivation for personal psychotherapy and significantly increase its effectiveness.
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According to sociological theories, social factors are crucial for the occurrence of juvenile delinquency. The family is viewed as the primary social environment, within which protective and/or risk factors for the occurrence of juvenile delinquency can be identified. In the research of family risk factors, it was assumed that the majority of juvenile delinquents come from families dominated by unfavorable socioeconomic characteristics. The method of content analysis was applied to a sample of 105 files of juvenile delinquents, users of the Banja Luka Day Center for Juveniles. Contrary to popular belief, it was established that the majority of juvenile delinquents live in complete and functional families where there is no educational deprivation and housing and financial conditions are satisfactory. It was concluded that in the prevention of juvenile delinquency, more attention should be focused on the influences of the wider social environment. Accordingly, the theory of social anomie and social exclusion is an important theoretical framework for the activities of helping professions, including social work.
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There are very few studies that examine criminal careers, that is studies of changes in the patterns of behavior of offenders over time. This research is focused on only one segment of the criminal career of penological returnees - its beginning. The aim of the research is focused on the phenomenological presentation of the criminal beginnings of penological returnees: the age at which the first criminal offenses are committed, the type of the first criminal offense and sociological factors that marked the criminal beginnings of penological returnees. A qualitative-quantitative research method was applied, on a sample of 100 respondents who were serving their sentences in the Prison for Long Sentences in Podgorica. The data were obtained from the analysis of prisoners' self statements and the analysis of prisoner's files. According to the data from the files, the average age of penological returnees when they first committed a crime was 23 years, and in most cases, the first crimes were property crimes. According to self-reports, 69% of respondents committed the first criminal offense which they were not prosecuted as a juvenile, and the average age when they committed the first criminal offense was 13 years. The lowest age that appears in self-statements as the beginning of committing crimes that have not been prosecuted is 8 years, and the highest is 18years. According to the self-statements of 50.73% of respondents who reported that they committed crimes as minors, as a debut crime they committed a violent crime. Sociological factors that marked the criminal beginning of penological returnees in Montenegro are: disruption of family structure or domestic violence (51%); drug abuse (69%); problem with education (63%). Knowledge of criminal careers are applicable to a wide range of social response policies including prevention, rehabilitation, but also disabling for criminal behavior. The analysis of continuous monitoring of antisocial behavior provides data thanks to which potential perpetrators of crimes can be identified at an early age. Also, according to the results obtained by the research of the beginning of a criminal career, many ways to reduce the volume of delinquency can be suggested.
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In order to improve treatment in the educational correctional facility or Youth Home, this research was aimed to examine the social-psychological determinants relating to socio-demographic, family, psychological and criminal characteristics in minors. The research is the archival type and is performed on a sample of 100 juvenile files, men (m = 17.63 years) who have, in the period from 2006 to 2021, been referred to an educational-correctional home. The data was recorded on the basis of a specially designed questionnaire for the intents of this research. The results showed that the level of education of minors and their parents, stressful life experiences and early criminal career indicators are significant indicators of the creation and outcomes of treatment in the institution. The obtained results were discussed in accordance with the recognized problems in practice, and are supported by earlier studies.
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Review of: Stanisław Hoc - Anna Szuba-Boroń, Obraz przestępcy w prozie Sergiusza Piaseckiego na tle poglądów kryminologicznych epoki, Oficyna Wydawnicza KAAFM, Kraków 2021, ss. 382
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While the relationship between offending and mental health is complex, research findings indicate that those in conflict with the law have higher levels of mental illness and need than the general population. This article considers the findings of a joint thematic inspection of the criminal justice journey for individuals with mental health needs, with a particular focus on the probation stage. Inspectors from across justice and health reviewed cases to establish the extent to which needs were identified and met. Interviews were also undertaken with 67 individuals who had lived experience of mental illness while in the criminal justice system. Findings are considered in relation to the identification of mental health needs; the role of trauma; probation practitioners’ skills, knowledge and support; case management; and access to required services. This inspection led to identified effective practice and key agencies agreeing to a number of actions in response to inspectors’ recommendations.
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The author analyzes two cases before the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), specific to the guilty plea of the accused. Stevan Todorovic, the chief of police in Bosanski Samac, is the highest-ranking official in the municipality who has pleaded guilty and expressed remorse for his own responsibility and the crimes committed. Damir Došen, a shift guard at the Keraterm camp in Prijedor, did the same. Were the acknowledgments of these two convicted war criminals an expression of true remorse or a way to avoid higher prison sentences by reaching an agreement with the court prosecutor's office? The answer to this question is suggested by the analysis of the behavior of Todorović and Došen after serving his prison sentence.
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The departure of a parent to serve a sentence of imprisonment affects the change of a family’s climate, which can be divided into three groups: (a) changes in daily life navigation and activity; (b) changes in parent-child relationships; and (c) changes in financial circumstances. The abrupt change that a child experiences can lead to the development of externalized and internalized behavioral problems, as well as changes in student academic achievement due to lack of motivation and concentration. Since the school is an educational institution that provides children with secondary socialization opportunities, it has an important role in supporting students whose parents are serving prison sentences. This paper presents research suggesting that stigmatizing students whose parents are in prison can bring shame, discomfort, and withdrawal to themselves. Considering that there are no clear suggestions on how the primary school should act when the parent goes to prison, the authors of this paper propose guidelines on minimizing the harmful consequences on socioemotional development and academic success of students whose parents go to prison.
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The development or identification of the most efficient models of knowledge, as well as the study of the modes of engagement of the social structures involved in the execution of the act of justice, calls for the establishment of integrative, modular and evolutionary models. These are based both on interdisciplinary knowledge and on changing some mentalities and stimulating innovative and creative ideas. The space of justice in general and the criminal justice in particular, has known a continuous transformation. Criminal justice as a basic pylon in the legal system, uses a series of concepts such as resocialization, reintegration and last but not least, psychological and social rehabilitation of offenders which benefits from a series of transformations due to recognized developments in the field of social and human sciences. Regarding from a legal and social perspective, resilience acquires new approaches and a significant theorization, it being able to include a series of processes and strategies that lead not only to a more efficient restoration of damaged social relationships, but also to an increased capacity of justice with a preventive and recuperative role. Compared to this conceptual construction, we can appreciate that legal resilience connects the classic and traditional axis of justice with the latest developments in the social sciences. Legal resilience thus represents not only a concept, but also an evolving process, respectively a social healing strategy with an integrative approach for all its protagonists. It starts from the premise that not only the victims have suffered as a result of the crime committed, but also the offender himself and the community as a whole. This new approach uses the criminal justice system as a vehicle for resilience.
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Review of: Jan Widacki, Wojciech Dadak, Magdalena Grzyb, Anna Szuba-Boroń, Kryminologia. Zarys systemu, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 448 s. Maria Niełaczna, Joanna Klimczak (red.). Dożywotni więźniowie. Najlepsi z najgorszych i źli stale, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2022, 850 s. Jarosław Utrat-Milecki, Penologia ogólna. Perspektywa integralnokulturowa. Tom 1. Kara kryminalna jako ogólna kategoria instytucji prawnej i społecznej Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2022, 380 s. Jarosław Utrat-Milecki, Penologia ogólna. Perspektywa integralnokulturowa. Tom 2. Podstawy teoretyczne polityki karnej, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2022, 448 s. Paweł Ostaszewski, Między przemocą ekonomiczną a karaniem za długi. Kryminologiczne studium przestępstwa niealimentacji, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 298 s. Joanna Klimczak, Dominik Wzorek, Eleonora Zielińska. Europejski nakaz dochodzeniowy w praktyce sądowej i prokuratorskiej – ujawnione problemy i perspektywy rozwoju Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 198 s. Dominik Wzorek, Joanna Klimczak, Eleonora Zielińska, Kara ograniczenia wolności i jej rola w resocjalizacji sprawców przestępstw, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 265 s. Justyna Włodarczyk-Madejska (red.), Mediacja w postępowaniu sądowym. Wyniki badań aktowych i analiz statystycznych, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 384 s. Angelika Cieślikowska-Ryczko, Rodzice więźniów. Studium doświadczeń, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2022, 204 s. Agnieszka Jaros, Naznaczone. Radzenie sobie z etykietowaniem w narracjach byłych wychowanek placówek resocjalizacyjnych, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2022, 258 s. Magdalena Budyn-Kulik, Aksjologiczne podstawy kryminalizacji w społeczeństwie ponowoczesnym, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 2022, 484 s. Jerzy Czołgoszewski, Geneza oraz kształtowanie się więziennictwa w I Rzeczypospolitej, Księstwie Warszawskim i Królestwie Polskim. Od sługi miejskiego do strażnika więziennego, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego, Olsztyn 2022, 676 s. Danuta Janicka, O przestępstwach, karach i prewencji kryminalnej. Studia z najnowszej historii polskiego prawa karnego i nauki prawa, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2021, 332 s. O wolność i prawo. Księga jubileuszowa dedykowana Profesorowi Andrzejowi Rzeplińskiemu, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 1048 s. Piotr Karlik, Bartosz Pilitowski, Stosowanie tymczasowego aresztowania. Analiza praktyczna, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 248 s. Bartłomiej Filek, Odpowiedzialność karna w Polsce za czyny zabronione popełnione za granicą, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 270 s. Marek Mozgawa, Piotr Poniatowski, Krzysztof Wala (red.), Aktualne problemy i perspektywy prawa karnego, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 476 s. Marek Mozgawa (red.), Przestępstwo zmuszania, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 540 s. Andrzej Depko, Krzysztof Eichstaedt, Piotr Gałecki, Aleksandra Krasowska, Metodyka pracy biegłego psychiatry, psychologa oraz seksuologa w sprawach karnych, nieletnich oraz wykroczeń, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 492 s. Katarzyna Lenczowska-Soboń, Przestępstwo zniszczenia lub uszkodzenia zabytku, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 448 s. Diana Dajnowicz-Piesiecka, Emilia Jurgielewicz-Delegacz, Emil W. Pływaczewski (red.), Badania kryminologiczne a praktyka. Perspektywa krajowa i międzynarodowa, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 792 s. Wojciech Filipkowski, Ewa Guzik-Makaruk, Katarzyna Laskowska, Przewodnik po prawie karnym. Tablice, orzecznictwo, kazusy. 4. wydanie, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 524 s. Katarzyna Laskowska, Wory w zakonie w Związku Radzieckim i Federacji Rosyjskiej. Kryminologiczna analiza zjawiska, Wydawnictwo Temida 2, Białystok 2022, 149 s. Paweł Kościelniak, Renata Wietecha-Posłuszny, Małgorzata Król, Michał Woźniakiewicz, Analityka sądowa, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2022, 520 s. Ewa M. Guzik-Makaruk, Ireneusz Sołtyszewski (red.), Przestępczość farmaceutyczna w XXI wieku, Wydawnictwo: CeDeWu, Warszawa 2022, 354 s. Klaudia Skelnik, Bezpieczeństwo publiczne. Zarządzanie informacją w działaniach policji na rzecz bezpieczeństwa i porządku publicznego w Polsce, Wydawnictwo: CeDeWu, Warszawa 2022, 168 s. Etyka badań jakościowych w praktyce. Analiza doświadczeń badaczy z osobami podatnymi na zranienie, Wydawnictwo Scholar, Warszawa 2022, 239 s. Piotr Chlebowicz, Paweł Łabuz, Tomasz Safjański (red.), Antykryminalistyka. Taktyka i technika działań kontrwykrywczych, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 293 s. Tomasz R. Aleksandrowicz Prognozowanie zagrożeń terrorystycznych. Aspekty metodologiczne Difin, Warszawa 2022, 172 s. Andrzej Dawidczyk, Justyna Jurczak, Metodologia bezpieczeństwa w przykładach i zastosowaniach. Podręcznik akademicki, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 194 s. Justyna Siemionow, Resocjalizacja młodzieży niedostosowanej społecznie jako proces wspierania rozwoju psychospołecznego oraz kształtowania potencjałów, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 156 s. Paweł Łabuz, Irena Malinowska, Mariusz Michalski (red.), Przestępczość zorganizowana. Aspekty prawne i kryminalno-kryminalistyczne, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 338 s. Agnieszka Nowotka, Analiza typologiczna sprawców zabójstw i ich ofiar, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 354 s. Błażej Kmieciak, Hanna Elżanowska, Justyna Kotowska (red.), Przestępstwa przeciwko wolności seksualnej w sieci. Ochrona praw dziecka w przestrzeni Internetu, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 170 s. Paweł Łabuz, Jacek Kudła, Tomasz Safjański, Czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawcze polskich służb ochrony prawa w prawie krajowym i międzynarodowym, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 436 s. Andrzej Adamski (red.), Kryminologiczne i prawnokarne aspekty podrabiania towarów i fałszowania produktów leczniczych, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 368 s. Michał Leciak, Doping w sporcie i jego prawnokarne oceny, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 348 s. Sebastian Kowalski, prof. dr hab. Maciej Małolepszy Prawo karne i postępowanie karne w dobie epidemii COVID-19. Doświadczenia polskie i wybranych państw europejskich, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 348 s. Magdalena Najda, Aleksandra Rutkowska, Dariusz Rutkowski, Psychologia sali sądowej, Wydawnictwo: Od.Nowa, Bielsko-Biała 2022, 286 s. Marcin Krzywicki, Kryminalne rozpoznanie penitencjarne. Podstawy teoretyczne, Wydawnictwo FNCE, Chomęcice 2022, 112 s. Juliusz Makarewicz, Prawo karne. Wykład porównawczy z uwzględnieniem prawa obowiązującego w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, Instytut Allerhanda, Lwów 1924 – Warszawa 2022 Witold Klaus, Irena Rzeplińska, Dagmara Woźniakowska-Fajst (red.), Criminal Careers. Life and Crime Trajectories of Former Juvenile Offenders in Adulthood, Routledge 2022, 302 s.
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In july 2017, a new Criminal Code was passed in Republika Srpska which, to a significant extent, varies from existing solutions in other criminal laws of Bosnia and Herzegovina, i.e. Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Brčko District. One of the most significant novelties is a new system of criminal sanctions and, amongst them, a new penal system, as well as rules for imposing criminal sanctions. This Paper is about the concept, elements, characteristics, purpose, type and imposing of criminal sanctions in Republika Srpska in accordance with new legal solutions.
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Education is a basic human right. Through the process of education, people acquire the knowledge and skills needed to perform tasks that provide the means for existence, while respecting moral and legal norms. In this way, education is of exceptional importance for the resocialization of juveniles during the execution of criminal sanctions because in this way the necessary conditions are created for the suppression of criminological, criminal and penological recidivism. Bearing all this in mind, the paper will analyze the right to education of juveniles during the execution of criminal sanctions, through the presentation of the relevant provisions of the most important international legal acts. The aim of the paper is to point out the importance of education as a form of treatment. At the end of the paper, practical problems will be pointed out when exercising the right to education in institutions for the execution of criminal sanctions for juveniles, which gives the paper a penological significance.
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With the reform of the justice system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the situation in penitentiary institutions in BiH is much better than before. These improvements are first of all reflected in the improvement of the conditions of serving a prison sentence. The overbooking of prisons is no longer the biggest problem, because due to migration and population outflow, the coronavirus pandemic, the lack of labor and easier access to work, the number of convicted persons is also decreasing, and the current situation in all penal correctional institutions in terms of capacity is satisfactory. However, in order for the penitentiary system to be as efficient as possible, it is necessary to pay much more attention to the process of resocialization of convicted persons, in order to reducethe rate of recidivism.
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