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History of introduction of Gesneriaceae Dumort family to the culture, including Ukraine and СIS, is considered. The terms of finding and botanical description of main genera which are actively utilized in modern floriculture are described. The main historical stages of introduction to the culture and selection of of Saintpaulia H. Wendl. are presented
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Distribution of the altay osman in one of the lakes of Mongolia was studied in summer. Indications of the sonar GPSMAP 178 were fixed with digital camera. Analysis of fish horizontal distribution had shown that the maximal concentrations and minimal variability of fish density were registered in the areas with depths of 6–15 m. Analysis of vertical distribution of pelagic rarefied fish aggregations has revealed two fish concentration zones (2–4 m and from 10 m to deeper). Between those zones the fish scores were sparse. On the contrary, dense aggregations of fishes locate at the middle water strata in the core.
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Species composition of mosquitoes in Dnipropetrovs’k region is presented and dominating species are established. Diurnal dynamics of bloodsucking mosquitos’ number was studied. Four periods of daily activity were marked out. Comparative analysis of Culicidae fauna in three agricultural climatic areas was made. Data obtained may be used for effective measures of the mosquitos’ limitation in the region.
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The most important tendencies of adaptation mechanisms were examined under the hydrothermal stress for the representatives of Acer L. Water and protein metabolisms were examined. Some species adapt themselves mainly due to activity of the protein system, others conformat the expense of morphological structure of leaves along with the protein synthetic system Certain dependence between studied parameters was found. The most resistant species to the droughty environment were found. The species can be recommended for an arrangement of green spaces.
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Two species of Chirita (D. Don) Fritch. are introduced in the Botanical Garden of Oles’ Gonchar Dnіpropetrovsk National University. The basic morphological features of Ch. sinensis Lindl. and Ch. tamiana B. L. Burt are represented. The adaptation level to the conservatory soil is estimated. The terms of flowering periods were established. Data on morphological features of two Chirita species are important for the best understanding of their cultivation. It can be used in a selection, growing and reproduction of Chirita.
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Viable parasitic Mermithidae nematodes were revealed in the abdominal cavity of ground beetles imago Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798). Some unicellular parasites of suborder Eugregarinina were found in the intestinal tract of the P. melanarius. The percentage of nematodes and sporozoa invasion in P. melanarius was assessed for the conditions of Dnipropetrovs’k region. The carabus ability to be a host in the life cycles of nematodes and gregarines was analyzed.
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Research of catalase activity changes in connection with the free-radical oxidation is soil of natural and artificial ecosystems is conducted. The catalase is a plants’ enzyme of antioxidative protection. The catalase activity is a marker of variety and improvement of soils. It is important for the problems solutions in applied soil science. The aberrations of catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities characterise not only the metabolizing of plants, microorganisms and soils, but the level of the environmental pollution. The general activity of enzymatic systems allows ascertaining their role in the forming of biota components’ resistance to the exogenous influence. The seasonal dynamics of the soils’ catalase activity subject to the type of a biogeocenosis is disclosed.
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Statistically significant exceeding of a background level of the heavy metal content in Anodonta anatina (Linnaeus, 1758) soft tissues was applied for pollution measure. The method of the median absolute deviation (MAD) was used for the heavy metals’ background and threshold levels assessment. The comparison of metal contents in mussels from 23 studied area of Ukrainian part of the Dnieper with the calculated background level allowed to determine the pollution degree of some river’s sites.
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Research of the generative sphere of plant genus Catalpa in the roadside forest belt was conducted. The belt’s ecological condition leads to the depression of blossoming and fruiting of C. bignonioides Walt. and C. speciosa Ward. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fruits and seeds were changed in comparison with a control. The changes in fruiting parameters are greater than flowering. Flowering characteristics of both species changed almost identically, with the exception of the blossom cluster length. The description of fruiting changed substantially in C. speciosa Ward.
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The results of long-term introduction made by the laboratory of tropical and subtropical plants of the DNU botanical garden are presented. The basic stages of the collection establishment and dynamics of its formation are studied. The total amount of taxa of the greenhouses’ collection fund is pointed and its state is examined.
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The present state of genofond of the 24 taxa collection of subfamily Prunoideae Focke (family Rosaceae Juss) in DNU botanical garden has been analysed. Valuable genotypes for practical use in the development of landscape, farm horticulture and further selection were marked out. The ways of further exploit was planned.
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The results of long-term woods and bushes introduction in the DNU botanical garden’s arboretum are considered. The total quantity of taxa of arboretum collection fund and its present state are given. The condition of largest taxonomic groups is described as well.
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The technologies of agrotechnics of accelerated generative reproduction of the not widespread therophyllous exotic Liriodendron tulipifera L., accelerated vegetative reproduction of 16 therophyllous species and 8 taxa of evergreen exotics and highly ornamental cultivars (the terms of grafts storage and planting, rootage, etc.) are worked up and approved.
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The results of research of entomocomplex at the territory of Yalta Mountain-Forest Nature Reserve are presented. The influence of height above sea level on insects’ number is shown. Spatial, cenotical and biomorphic structures of entomocomplex is analyzed.
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The seasonal dynamics of microbiological indices of sanitary situation in Ingulets and Berezovka Rivers was analysed at spring-autumn period. The sanitary mapping of the rivers was done for the Alexandria area. In most cases maximal level of the rivers contamination by the lactose-positive E. coli index was found in August.
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Seasonal dynamics of the specific activity of catalase and peroxidase in Salix alba L. leaves collected in the artificial stands along the Shpakova River (Dnipropetrovs’k) was studied. The seasonal dependence of oxidoreductases’ specific activity and the reed’s influence on the osier seedlings adaptation were revealed. The importance of the reeds’ stressful influence on the osier seedlings’ adaptive processes is discussed.
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Taxonomic composition, structure of domination, distribution of the snails species in artificial stands and rehabilitated plots of Zhovti Vody were studied.
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Comparative morphobiological analysis of the roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758), living in littoral and open deep-water zones of the lake Plescheevo, was carried out. Different ecological forms of fish were found: littoral and pelagic. They vary in a number of plastic characteristics, morphofunctional parameters (gape size and body form) and in growth rate. We assume that intrapopulation differentiation of the roach was induced by invasion of the zebra mussel into the lake.
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Levels and distribution regularities of manganese in soils of industrial cities (Dnipropetrovsk, Kremenchuk and Dniprodzerzhinsk) are presented. Comparison of manganese content in different urban zones was carried out. The series of the heavy metal accumulation in the soil cover of industrial enterprises’ territories are drawn up.
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It has been confirmed the untoward epizootic condition concerning helminthiasis of the cattle in village of Andreevka (Novomoskovsk district, Dnipropetrovsk province). Seven nematode species of the genera Strongуloides, Dictyocaulus, Bunostomum, Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum, Chabertia and Nematodirus were determined. It has been proved that the larvae of some species of suborders Strongylata and Rhabditata used the coprophilous road beetles (genus Philonthus Curt) as a transit reservoir host.
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