Приложимост на подхода „четворната спирала“ за създаване на иновации за социално интегриране в обществото – практики в България

Author(s): Mariya Aleksandrova Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report explores the opportunities for a Quadruple Helix Approach where business, public sector, research/ academic centers and civil society organizations interact to accelerate the transfer of innovative social welfare solutions in regional chains. It analyzes the historical perspective and outlines the roles of the participants, creating and exchanging innovative practices for the social integration of the risk groups. Because of personal observations, participation in discussions, workshops and projects, the author presents summarized results of Bulgarian practices and provides guidance for strengthening cooperation in the regional innovation system.

„Současný systém říká rodičům: nedávejte děti do jeslí, ale určitě je dejte do školky“

Author(s): Jan Schneider,Lada Wichterlová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Prohlašuje Jan Schneider, ředitel Zdravotnického zařízení Podolí, které spravuje i jedny z pražských jeslí. O dnešní situaci jeslí si s ním povídala Lada Wichterlová.

Bílá místa v péči o oběti trestného činu znásilnění: shrnutí výstupů analýzy stavu pomoci obětem znásilnění

Author(s): Jitka Čechová,Hana Jandová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Selected Essays by Young Authors (Vol. 1)

Author(s): / Language(s): English

This is the first collection of selected essays by the authors who attended the courses and seminars the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia organized in 2004. Within the three-year project “Building up Democracy and Good Governance in Multiethnic Communities” that is being implemented with the assistance of the European Union, twelve 5-day “schools of democracy” and eight 3-day seminars under the common title “Life and Living in Multiethnic Environments” were held in 2004 in Belgrade, Novi Sad, Kragujevac and Novi Pazar. Over 500 trainees attended these courses and seminars. The project is aimed at capacitating young people – by the means of attractive and interactive courses of training – not only for a life in multiethnic communities that are particularly burdened with the adverse experience of the recent past, mutual distrust and stereotypes, but also for a life in the conditions that mark a modern democracy and reflect its standards. An objective as such implies, among other things, rational perception of notions, developments and trends that are in Serbia still blurred, marginalized and subject to relativism or, moreover, to various and even misguiding interpretations. The Helsinki Committee’s experience testifies this is all about a process that takes time but is worthy of effort – the more so since young people, as evidenced by the selected writings as well, fully perceive it as an imperative need of their own.

Trends in Regional Development and Security Management

Author(s): Georgi Nikolov,Georgi Pavlov,Konstantin Poudin,Kamen Petrov,Jivko Ivanov,Nadia Mironova,Nikolai Tsonkov,Aglika Kaneva,Ivelina Petkova,Veselina Lyubomirova,Nikola Tanakov,Petkan Iliev,Cvetelina Berberova-Valcheva,Adela Bozmarova,Gergana Tsankova,Zahariy Stoyanov,Martin Asenov,Maria Boteva,Mariya Kazakova,Rumen Angelov,Tzvetomira Penkova,Desislava Botseva,Ivan Kochev,Ruslan Kolarov,Anna Tsolovska,Georgi Tsolov,Valbona Sakollari,Dragan Kostić,Aleksandar Simonović / Language(s): English

The current collection contains reports from the International Scientific Conference, organized in partnership between the Department of Regional Development and the department of National and Regional Security. The event was held from 4 to 6 October 2018.The forum on "Trends in Regional Development and Security Management" is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the University and was held under the auspices of the Rector of UNWE, Prof. D.Sc.(Econ.) Statty Stattev. The scientific and practical nature of the conference supports the promotion of international relations and quality research in three thematic areas:• Regional development management;• Regional security and crisis management;• Socio-economic development of the regions.

The state’s weakened immunity The causes of the measles outbreak in Ukraine

Author(s): Krzysztof Nieczypor / Language(s): English

According to data compiled by the World Health Organization, since 2018 Ukraine has had the world’s second highest number of measles virus infections. A major increase in the number of individuals infected with measles has been recorded since 2017, when 4,782 cases of measles were diagnosed (in 2016 the corresponding number was a mere 90). In 2018, more than 54,000 infections were recorded, which accounted for more than 64% of all measles cases diagnosed across Europe. In 2019, the situation deteriorated even further. Ukraine’s Ministry of Health estimates that between January and November 2019 more than 57,000 individuals contracted measles. Altogether, in 2017–2019 in Ukraine more than 115,000 individuals caught measles and 41 of them died (including 25 children). || The main reason behind the rapid surge in the incidence rate is the low measles vaccination rate resulting from the crisis in the Ukrainian healthcare sector and from the spread of disinformation regarding the alleged adverse effects of vaccines and their ineffectiveness. This has caused the proportion of infants vaccinated against measles to fall to 42% in 2016, with the corresponding proportion recorded for children aged six and younger being 31%; these were among the world’s lowest vaccination rates. Measures taken by the Ministry of Health have resulted in a major increase in the vaccination rate in Ukrainian society and a reduction in the related epidemiological threat. A major problem continues to be posed by the illegal trade in fake vaccination certificates, which emerged as a result of a powerful anti-vaccination campaign on the Internet and of citizens’ distrust of state healthcare institutions. As a consequence, measles continues to be one of the biggest challenges faced by the state’s health policy.

How the COVID-19 pandemic will develop in Ukraine

Author(s): Tadeusz Iwański,Sławomir Matuszak,Piotr Żochowski,Krzysztof Nieczypor / Language(s): English

According to data compiled by Ukraine’s Ministry of Health, by 27 March more than 200 cases of COVID-19 were confirmed nationwide, with five fatalities. However, there is a risk of the epidemic soon developing on a much larger scale. This is due to the high daily increase in the number of in¬fections diagnosed, the unpreparedness and inefficiency of the healthcare sector, the shortage of medical equipment, the ongoing dispute in the Ministry of Health, and the organisational and financial weakness of the Ukrainian state combined with of the ruling elite’s limited experience of governance. At the present stage, the possible consequences of the pandemic are difficult to forecast. However, it is certain that Ukraine will see a deep recession (the most optimistic forecasts spell a 5% drop in Ukraine’s GDP in 2020).

Преображаји правне државе и владавине права

Author(s): Dragan M. Mitrović,Kosta D. Mitrović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The static picture of the rule of law, which almost always imposes itself as the main one, we shall try to depict in its live flow, which is some-how or other put aside. And that flow is of such kind that it shows continual conceptual and practical transformation of the rule of law. Let us mention but a few examples of that transformation over the past two centuries: liberal rule of law, socialist rule of law, cultural rule of law, welfare state, neo-liberal rule of law, supranational rule of law, international rule of law, all the way up to a possible world rule of law, which are announced together with the establishment of the transhuman society with one and the same rule of law. It may look like the circle is closing. And it took only a little over two centuries of practicing those ideas in the most developed countries around the world.It is obvious that the rule of law is a fragile creation. It is exactly byway of that fact that it is rendered possible to explain its accelerated two-century long transformation which can result in its likewise accelerated disruption and revoke. Today, the rule of law is increasingly more distant from the values and needs of daily human life, despite the privileged nominal and normative treatment. This is done with the intention of creating a transhuman, i.e. a dehumanised society and the law. In such society people exist for the purpose of technocratically built law, and not the law for the people.

Reformele sociale din Republica Moldova: un caz particular – reforma sistemului de pensii

Author(s): Cornel Ciurea / Language(s): Romanian

This analysis focuses on three types of reforms that are being implemented in the Republic of Moldova - reforms related to European integration, anti-corruption reforms and social reforms. The author makes a comparative analysis, highlighting the more pronounced ideological character of social reforms and the increased degree of conflict, typical of these reforms. At the same time, the paper suggests the imminence of the political factor present in the multitude of social phenomena. In this order of ideas, the case of the reform of the pension system is analyzed, being highlighted the political valences of the approach. The author considers that, unlike the university education reform, promoted by the Ministry of Education with sufficient force, despite the accompanying criticism, the reform of the pension system seems to be rather an "eternally postponed reform" due to lack of political will. This postponement cannot, however, last indefinitely.

Indemnizațiile de maternitate – între practici informale și necesitatea optimizării sistemului de asigurări sociale

Author(s): Cornel Ciurea / Language(s): Romanian

On December 23, 2013, at the proposal of the Government, the Parliament votes Law no. 332, through which amendments were made to Law no. 289 of 2004 on allowances for temporary incapacity for work and other social insurance benefits. The main changes concern the calculation of maternity allowances and monthly allowances for raising a child until the age of 3 years. This law attracted a number of criticisms from the Liberal Party of the Republic of Moldova, but also from some institutions that endorsed the law (especially the NAC) who considered that the changes in question worsen the situation of pregnant women and reduce maternity benefits. This analysis is an attempt to debate the arguments of the opponents of this reform in order to discover the hidden springs that have determined the existence of abuses that this new law wants to remove. At the same time, the author wants to demonstrate the need to ensure equal treatment of all insured persons in order to reconcile the contributions paid with the promised payments in the form of maternity allowances, childcare allowances until the age of 3 and, at the same time, in order to ensure the financial sustainability of the state social insurance budget. The analysis was performed by successively interviewing the parties involved in the dispute. Given the resonance and sensitivity of the case, we wanted to present the real situation to show the difficulties faced by both the public social security system and the beneficiaries of this system.

Реформування солідарної пенсійної системи України

Author(s): O. P. Koval / Language(s): Ukrainian

The current state and development trends of the solidarity component of the pension system of Ukraine are analyzed. The most typical proposals of experts on its improvement are generalized. The author's vision of measures to reform the solidarity component of the pension system of Ukraine, capable of ensuring stable welfare, is formulated.

Este oare introducerea tichetelor de masă o deschidere a „cutiei Pandorei”?

Author(s): Alexandru Fală / Language(s): Romanian

At the beginning of February 2017, the President of the Parliament proposed the introduction of meal vouchers in the Republic of Moldova. In order to popularize the initiative and clarify the technical aspects regarding the use of meal vouchers, several public discussions were organized with representatives of government institutions, employers and unions. However, the introduction of meal vouchers remains an open topic, which at the moment causes conflicting opinions. // A brief analysis of the draft "Meal Voucher Law" highlights the weak analytical component of the normative act and the weak argumentation in favor of the introduction of vouchers. A first aspect refers to the extremely vague specification of the problem to be solved. In the informative note related to the draft law, the problems to be solved by the introduction of meal vouchers are presented in an equivocal way and without going into details. The note makes a general mention that the introduction of meal vouchers will solve: (i) fiscal problems (the reduction of the informal economy will increase VAT receipts), (ii) social (increasing the purchasing power of employees and economic) and economic (development of the food trade sector).

TERENSKA PRAKSA NA STUDIJSKOM CENTRU SOCIJALNOG RADA PRAVNOG FAKULTETA SVEUČILIŠTA U ZAGREBU

Author(s): Marina Milić Babić,Gordana Berc / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Za studente preddiplomskog sveučilišnog studija socijalnog rada terenska praksa je obvezan kolegij na drugoj, trećoj i četvrtoj godini studija, te na diplomskom sveučilišnom studiju socijalnog rada. Terenska praksa se provodi na oba sveučilišna studija, prema strukturiranom programu koji je određen prema kolegiju ili području iz kojeg se praksa izvodi. S obzirom na ECTS bodove, terenska praksa iznosi na preddiplomskoj razini 2 ECTS boda, a na diplomskoj 8 ECTS bodova. Ukupna satnica terenske prakse na preddiplomskom sveučilišnom studiju socijalnog rada iznosi 350 sati, a na diplomskom sveučilišnom studiju socijalnog rada 120 sati

ISKUSTVO PRUŽANJA SOCIJALNIH USLUGA U USTANOVI SOCIJALNE SKRBI ZA VRIJEME PANDEMIJE UZROKOVANE VIRUSOM COVID-19

Author(s): Anita Šoštarić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Temeljni propis koji pruža okvir za pružanje socijalnih usluga u Republici Hrvatskoj jest Zakon o socijalnoj skrbi (NN 18/22). Prema navedenom zakonu, socijalne usluge predstavljaju „aktivnosti namijenjene prepoznavanju, sprječavanju i rješavanju problema i poteškoća pojedinaca i obitelji te poboljšanju kvalitete njihova života u zajednici“ (Zakon o socijalnoj skrbi, 18/22, čl. 70). Socijalne usluge se prvenstveno priznaju kao izvaninstitucijske usluge i to na temelju sveobuhvatne procjene potreba korisnika, rizika i snaga obitelji te u skladu s individualnim planom promjene, s ciljem osnaživanja i bolje socijalne uključenosti korisnika, odnosno njegove obitelji (Zakon o socijalnoj skrbi, 18/22, čl. 73). Što se tiče trajanja pružanja socijalnih usluga, ono ovisi o potrebama korisnika te može biti privremeno ili tijekom duljeg razdoblja (Zakon o socijalnoj skrbi, 18/22, čl. 72). Važnost socijalnih usluga u svojim dokumentima ističe i Europska komisija, koja ih prepoznaje kao alat za sprječavanje diskriminacije, stvaranje jednakih mogućnosti i dostojanstvenog života, bez obzira na životne teškoće te poziva da se pri provedbi socijalnih usluga stručnjaci vode načelima solidarnosti, dostupnosti, sveobuhvatnosti i individualizacije (Commission of the European Communities, 2007., prema Berc i sur., 2020.)

IZAZOVI SOCIJALNOG RADNIKA U ULOGAMA SAVJETOVATELJA I PSIHOTERAPEUTA U HRVATSKOM ZDRAVSTVU

Author(s): Ivana Mošić Pražetina / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

U današnjem vremenu u kojem znamo koliko je mentalno zdravlje važno, savjetovanje ili psihoterapija nisu više strani pojmovi kao nekada, pa tako često možemo čuti da je netko nekome predložio da porazgovara s nekim stručnim ili je išao na razgovore kako bi si pomogao. Savjetovanju / psihoterapiji37 kao obliku podrške zasigurno je pridonijela i pandemija uzrokovana virusom Covid–19, koja nas je suočila s nizom novih izazova u ponašanju i razumijevanju svijeta u kojem živimo. Pandemija je učinila vidljivijima poteškoće s kojima su se pojedinci i/ili obitelji dotad suočavali, na sebi svojstven način, i kao da ih je izoštrila, imenovala i ukazala na ono što bi bilo korisno mijenjati. Pokušavajući razumjeti globalnu pandemiju, mogli smo naučiti puno toga o sebi kao i koliko je važno psihičko zdravlje. Tako u posljednje vrijeme bilježimo porast zanimanja za savjetovanje ili psihoterapiju u privatnim psihoterapijskim praksama i u javnom zdravstvenom sustavu. Iako je hrvatski zdravstveni sustav dostupan svima, u praksi bilježimo da takvu uslugu u zdravstvu ipak koriste osobe slabijeg imovinskog stanja i češće oni koje se na takav korak ne bi odlučili sami, već na primjer nakon poticaja liječnika. Pripremajući ovaj tekst razmišljala sam kako opisati rad socijalnog radnika u ulozi savjetovatelja i psihoterapeuta u zdravstvu u sadašnjim životnim i društvenim okolnostima i zaključila sam da se moj posao odvija u kontekstu puno različitih izazova, kojih ni sama ponekad nisam svjesna.

ULOGA CENTRA ZA SOCIJALNU SKRB U PROCESU PRUŽANJA PODRŠKE DJECI S TEŠKOĆAMA U RAZVOJU I NJIHOVIM OBITELJIMA

Author(s): Marina Hranj Zeko / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Socijalna skrb organizirana je djelatnost od javnog interesa čiji je cilj pružanje pomoći socijalno ugroženim osobama, kao i osobama u nepovoljnim osobnim ili obiteljskim okolnostima (Zakon o socijalnoj skrbi, NN 18/22, 46/22, 119/22, čl. 3.). U okviru socijalne skrbi, profesija socijalnog rada određena je osnovnim djelatnostima kao što su: osnaživanje pojedinaca, obitelji, grupa i zajednice te razvoj njihovih sposobnosti za samopomoć, poticanje socijalnih promjena, razvoj kvalitetnih i dostupnih socijalnih usluga, promicanje socijalne kohezije, zastupanje osjetljivih i obesnaženih društvenih skupina te otklanjanje zapreka s kojima se ljudi susreću u ostvarivanju svoje socijalne sigurnosti. Također i djelatnostima postizanja socijalno pravednog društva koje je zasnovano na humanizmu i ljudskim pravima koje svim svojim članovima omogućava dostojanstven život (Zakon o djelatnosti socijalnog rada, NN 16/19, 18/22).

Więcej państwa w rosyjskim systemie emerytur

Author(s): Katarzyna Jarzyńska / Language(s): Polish

Russians are the youngest and among the poorest pensioners in Europe. Although, according to the assumptions of the social state, all Russian citizens can count on a state pension, it is low and often insufficient to meet basic needs. Currently, the Russian pension system is facing new challenges. The most serious of them are the unfavorable prospects for the development of the demographic situation and the labor market: first of all, the aging of the population, the dynamic decrease in the number of economically active people and the fact that a significant proportion of Russians and economic immigrants work in the gray economy. With the current model of the pension system, based on the principle of solidarity between generations, these negative trends lead to an increase in the deficit of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and a tightening of the dependence of the pension system on injections from the state budget.

ПОЖАРНА БЕЗОПАСНОСТ НА ПЛАВАТЕЛНИ СЪДОВЕ

Author(s): Radostin Dolchinkov,Ivan Popov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

According to the accepted classification, there are seagoing ships and inland waterway vessels. According to their purpose, they are subdivided into small vehicles, passenger ships and hotel ships, cargo ships and container ships and tankers. Depending on the transported cargo, they are for bulk cargo, passenger cargo, self-propelled cargo, mixed, special purpose - scientific, navigation, military. Fire safety requirements vary from vessel to vessel. The publication examines the features and differences of fire safety for seagoing ships and inland waterway vessels.

Sağlık İşletmelerinde Bütçeleme ve Sermaye Bütçelemesi

Author(s): Rıdvan Aslan,İbrahim Bozkurt / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Many different professions and members are involved in the provision of health services. In addition, in addition to different equipment and pieces of equipment, many different types of medicines and consumables, in short, many different inputs need to be used. The fact that these inputs require high costs brings the financial dimension of management to the forefront in health enterprises, especially in hospitals. In order to achieve the desired results before, during, and after the financial activities of health enterprises, the issue of budgeting and budgeting, which includes financial planning and planning, execution, supervision, and evaluation activities in this context, has a very important place. In this study, the concepts of budgeting and capital budgeting are examined in the theoretical framework and the place and importance of the concepts in the context of health enterprises and health services are revealed.

The new welfare agenda – missing the most vulnerable once again?

Author(s): Dimitri Gugushvili / Language(s): English

Shortly after winning elections the new government of Georgia has announced a number of important measures aimed at strengthening the social protection system. These include increasing pensions, doubling the levels of means-tested social assistance, introduction of tax allowances for low earners, strengthening labour regulations and provision of universal basic health insurance. In this paper we project the possible impact of increased social transfers on poverty by using data from the Integrated Household Survey, carried out by Geostat. We argue that while increased transfers will considerably reduce poverty, a third of poor families will see no improvement as at present they are excluded from the social protection system. To fill this gap we propose alternative means-testing criteria, whereby households’ eligibility is defined by their income-generating capacity and actual needs rather than by hypothetical welfare scores primarily defined by possession of durable items.