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4.50 €

Свети Сава и подизање Милешеве

Author(s): Gojko Subotić,Ljubomir Maksimović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The portraits of the historical personalities in Mile{eva are a primary source for the question of when the monastery was built, considering that the biographers of the archbishop Sava Nemanji}, either make no mention of the latter's role in its construction (Domentijan) or do not record that role specifically, even though connecting it with the time of King Vladislav (Teodosije). In the naos, Vladislav is depicted as the donor, and in the narthex he appears, on the western wall, with the members of his family, conducted by St. Simeon, while depicted on the southern wall are SS. Constantine and Helen and an unknown person in the robes of a Byzantine ruler. Having in mind that Saint Sava was also the creator of the thematic program in the Church of the Mother of God in Studenica, we should focus our consideration on a text — the famous inscription at the base of the dome — penned by Saint Sava himself. The inscription stresses that the Grand Zhupan Simeon Nemanja was the svat of the Greek emperor Alexios (III) Angelos (meaning that Alexios' daughter Eudokia was married to Nemanja's son, Stefan.) The cited words are all the more worthy of attention by virtue of the fact that in 1208/9, when the inscription was composed, Eudokia was no longer married to Sava's brother, nor was Alexios III even on the throne of the Byzantine Empire to see the fall of Constantinople in the IV Crusade (1204). The inscription testifies to the unchanged relationship towards Byzantine authority even after such a colossal disaster as the first collapse of the Empire in 1204. One can see the same relationship in Mile{eva as well. Here, with the image of Stefan the First Crowned, just as with Nemanja in Studenica, direct kinship is highlighted with the Byzantine ruling house, that is to say, with Alexios III. Be side the portrait of Stefan, in the right, preserved part of the inscription, one can read: Stefan, son of Saint Simeon Nemanja, son-in-law of the Greek emperor, kyr Alexios. For those reasons, it is certain that the image of the Byzantine ruler in Mile{eva represented the emperor Alexios III Angelos. With a clear scheme en compassing the members of the two dynasties and determining their relationships, Sava closed the thematic circle dedicated to the historical personalities who were direct and indirect involved in the construction of Mile{eva and its decoration.

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Prvi lašvanski samostan prema vrelima, predaji i literaturi

Author(s): Pejo Ćošković / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Autor u ovom radu nastoji sagledati povijest lašvanskoga samostana, jednoga od četiriju najstarijih, na području uže Bosne, odnosno u sastavu bosanske kustodije. U radu se ističe da je on neupitno postojao što je zasvjedočeno njegovim upisivanjem u djelo Bartolomeja iz Pise i dva rukopisna zbornika, poznata kao Codex Impressus i Codex Aracoelitanus. U franjevačkoj se predaji čuva uspomena na samostane koje su “porušili barbari”, ali bez pobližeg kronološkog oslonca za utvrđivanje vremena kad se to zbilo. Prema predaji, razaranje lašvanskoga samostana zabilježio je F. Lastrić. Ljetopisac M. Krističević je upotpunio slijed događaja podatkom o raseljavanju katolika i franjevaca nakon propasti grada Lašve, a zaklonište su dijelom našli u obližnjoj Gučoj Gori. Sumarni popis Bosanskoga sandžaka iz 1468/69. ne spominje grad Lašvu niti franjevački samostan, iako je evidentirano više naseljenih, pa i pustih sela u nahiji Lašvi. Tako skromne obavijesti suvremenih povijesnih vrela i predaje nisu pogodovale istraživačima u traganju za odgovorima o najstarijem lašvanskom samostanu, pa su iznošene različite pretpostavke o mjestu na kojemu bi ga valjalo tražiti. Na takvo stanje izvornih vijesti i skromnu ulogu koju je imao u odnosu na druga tri samostana bosanske kustodije izravno su utjecale crkvene prilike u lašvanskom kraju potkraj XIV. i u početku XV. st., gdje je najmoćniji velikaš, tepčija Batalo Šantić, pristajao uz Crkvu bosansku.

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Svjedočenje o rušenju crkve i samostana u Gučoj Gori

Author(s): Branko Neimarević / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Ove godine se navršilo 150 godina od službenog proglašenja samostana u Gučoj Gori. U povodu proslave 150. godišnjice samostana organizirana je tribina o povijesti ovog samostana. U tu povijest spada, nažalost, i rušenje najvećeg samostana na Balkanu. Da nas budućnost ne bi osuđivala s nemarnosti opisat ću jedan “detalj” iz ratnog (ne)vremena s tragičnim posljedicama. Dok su se njemačke vojne formacije u veljači 1945. povlačile prema Bosanskom Brodu, ostala je jedna jedinica njemačkih vojnika u gučogorskom samostanu. Poslijepodne u nedjelju 18. veljače 1945. godine, partizani su počeli stezati obruč oko Guče Gore. Uvečer, oko osam sati, zauzeli su mjesto, a njemački vojnici, koji su branili Guču Goru, povukli su se u samostan i ondje se zabarikadirali.

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Cirkvi na Slovensku roku 1968

Author(s): Jan Pešek / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Vývoj po januári 1968 prijímali cirkvi s nádejou a očakávaním pozitívnych zmien v zameraní štátnej cirkevnej politiky a vo vytvorení väčšieho priestoru na svoje pôsobenie. Pozornosť duchovných a veriacich sa najprv sústreďovala na správy o diskusii vo vnútri komunistickej strany a na otázku, či a ako sa ohlasovaná demokratizácia prejaví vo sfére cirkevnej politiky štátu. Spočiatku, v januári 1968, sa zdalo, že všetko zostáva v dovtedajších koľajach. 17. januára 1968, takmer dva týždne po zvolení Alexandra Dubčeka za 1. tajomníka ÚV KSČ, sa konala spoločná porada sekretariátov pre veci cirkevné Ministerstva kultúry a informácií (MKI) a povereníctva Slovenskej národnej rady pre kultúru a informácie. Prerokúval sa na nej plán činnosti na rok 1968 a nič nenaznačovalo podstatné zmeny cirkevnej politiky; v platnosti zostávala politická línia XIII. zjazdu KSČ z roku 1966 a orientácia na „prekonávanie náboženského myslenia.“ Situácia vo vnútri vládnucej strany a spoločnosti sa však dala do pohybu, nastupovala taká vlna zmien, ktorú zrejme nikto alebo takmer nikto neočakával.

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Modern Ecclesiastical Development

Author(s): Matthew Spinka / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The age-long tragedy of the Slavic race — the division of the Slavic peoples caused by the fact that some had been drawn into the orbit of Western, Latin, Roman Catholic civilization, whereas others derived their culture Byzantine, Orthodox sources — was nowhere more keenly felt than in Yugoslavia. This country affords the clearest example of the divisive effects of cultural schism: the Serbians are culturally and religiously Eastern Orthodox; the Croatians and the Slovenes are staunchly Roman Catholic. With the political unification of the Serbs, the Croatians, and the Slovenes, which was formally proclaimed on December 1,1918, the formidable task of making a homogeneous nation from these diverse elements, divided by a millennium of separate historical development, was matched by the no less necessary task of adjusting the diversities of their ecclesiastical organizations. For ecclesiastical disunity threatened to prove a serious obstacle to national unity.

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Semnificații teologico-duhovnicești ale spațiului liturgic – înțelesuri de altǎdatǎ pentru omul de azi

Author(s): Viorel Sava / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Our article is concentrated on the main significances of the liturgical space. The idea to concentrate on such a topic was inspirated by the Prayer year as 2022 was dedicated in Romanian Patriarchate. Speaking about prayer we need to refer to the place which is built to be the place of prayer. That is the church. Through the Service of consacration a newbuilding church becomes the House of the Eucharistic Liturgy an the House of The Holy Trinity. The architecture of the church has to be done in the spirit of the main service which is celebrated in it. It means that the church has to be constructed in the spirit of the Liturgy. Being dedicated exclusevely to the Liturgy the church is a liturgical space. In our article we pointed out some theological significances of the liturgical space as they are reflected in the Service of consacration of a new church and in the liturgical interpretation of St. Simeon of Thessalonika. Concluding, we focused on the need of liturgical catechesis which has to be addressed to our contemporary society.

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Renesanční přestavba kostela sv. Petra a Pavla v Kralovicích

Author(s): Veronika Lorencová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Kralovice leží asi čtyřicet kilometrů severně od Plzně, nedaleko cisterciáckého kláštera v Plasích. K plaskému klášteru se také primárně vztahují nejstarší písemné prameny, které ves Kralovice zmiňují. Velkým problémem při interpretaci renesanční přestavby kralovického kostela je velmi malé množství dochovaných písemných pramenů. Především z důvodu opakujících se požárů, kterými město ve své historii trpělo velmi často a to až do 19. století. Není doloženo ani přesné zahájení renesanční přestavby. Víme pouze, že objednavatelem přestavby byl Florian Gryspek z Griesbachu, nižší šlechtic pocházející z tyrolské šlechtické rodiny, jejíž původní sídlo leželo v Dolním Bavorsku.

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Obnova dreveného kostela sv. Juraja v Trnovom

Author(s): Miloš Dudáš / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Church of St. George in Trnovo near the town of Žilina belongs to the group of Slovakian oldest wooden churches built at the turn of the Middle Ages and modern times. We do not know the exact year of construction of this simple building with a rectangular cribbed nave, a sanctuary, and a tower with pillar-and-beam construction, annexed later on. As to the tree-ring dating, the church was built in about 1615. When the believers built a new masonry church nearby in 1995, the old wooden one remained unused and without corresponding care. Its constructional and technical condition became significantly worse and the church was in the danger of ruining. After a long-time preparation and with ample governmental support, restoration of the church, unique and extraordinary as to its extent, was running from 2010 until 2012. The complex restoration was to preserve as many original elements and details as possible. The church was thoroughly surveyed, marked, and dismantled. After that, it was transferred to Eastern Slovakia and there it was restored by experienced master carpenters and other artisans. They cleaned and conserved the original wooden elements in particular, supplementing the missing or damaged ones with prostheses and fillings.

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Teze despre nădejde și deznădejde

Author(s): Leszek Kołakowski,Wojciech Karpinski / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Interview with Leszek Kolakowski by Wojciech Karpinski.

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Biserica poloneză între moștenire și mutație

Author(s): Marcin Król / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Câteva remarce prealabile: biserica se prezintă ca un concept cu multiple fațete. Este mai întâi o instituție, apoi o ierarhie și, în fine, adunarea credincioșilor. Mă voi ocupa mai ales de instituție, o instituție ce n-a fost niciodată monolitică. Noțiunea de moștenire a bisericii va fi tratată în sens pur descriptiv și fără judecăți de valoare. Prin moștenire înțeleg ceea ce subzistă; de pildă, HLM-urile sau industria de armament fac parte din moștenirea Poloniei populare.

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Assessment of Seven Churches in Faith Tourism Routes in Turkey: A Route Proposal

Author(s): Sinem Kunt / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

With its strategic location and fertile lands, Anatolia has hosted many civilizations from historical times to the present. There are many sacred places in Anatolia for both polytheistic and monotheistic religions, such as Göbeklitepe, the world’s oldest belief center. The phenomenon of faith and the drive to reach the manifestation of the sacred, which continued from Paleolithic ages to modern ages, made it necessary for people to visit holy places. Although people’s perceptions and motivations have changed over time, the sacred places visited and the sacred routes followed have survived to the present day

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Memoria S. Chrysogoni: Between the Legend on the Transfer of Relics and Ownership over Monastic Land

Author(s): Trpimir Vedriš / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A series of randomly selected terms from the titles of various papers presented at this conference (property, ownership rights, real-estate ownership, and possession) re-minds us – besides the fact that the speakers have adhered to the given subject – that, when speaking of “property”, we implicitly have in mind the “actual”, that is, material property. However, if one resists the almost spontaneous slip into determining the object of property or ownership as exclusively material, one does not need to be re-minded that, just as the “material capital” is by no means the only imaginable form of capital, thus the ownership over material property is not (necessarily) the only form of ownership. The same is, as it seems, valid for possession or property. When reflecting on the possibility of owning or possessing immaterial goods, I must, however, consciously avoid the basically conceptual and terminological question of whether one can actually possess immaterial goods. Therefore, staring from the presumption that the “ownership” or “possession” of things like memory or knowledge is in a way also possible – and I will try to show, on a selected example from the medieval history of Zadar, an interesting relationship between such “symbolic” and “actual” forms of possession.

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Dva pokušaja preotimanja prihoda operarije katedrale iz druge polovine 15. stoljeća: primjeri Zadra i Trogira

Author(s): Jadranka Neralić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Two apparent attempts of the extortion of the cathedral’s operarium incomes in the second half of the 15th century are presented in this paper. In both examples, the Venetian bishops of Dalmatian bishoprics are included – one is Mafeo Vallaresso (1450-1494), the archbishop of Zadar, while the second is Francesco Marcello (1488-1524), the bishop of Trogir. Nevertheless, that fact is the only similarity in these two examples. The Zadar example had lasted for almost twenty years and it convulsed groups near to the archbishop of Zadar, as well as those groups near to Zadar cathedral but also the whole urban community. This example is very well documented by many papal letters, the various appeals of the litigants as well as the archbishop’s letter that he wrote to his friends, advocates, sponsors and officials in Venetia and Rome. The Trogir example depicts the conflicts between the bishop and the spokesmen of the operarium of the cathedral of St. Lawrence. The cathedral was represented by Koriolan Cipiko in Venetia in front of the doge and apostolic legate Nicholas Franco, and the conflict was solved in less than two months. The Zadar example is traced in unpublished archival documents from various series of the Vatican Secret Archives as well as in the archbishop’s epistolarium from the Vatican Apostolic Library, while the Trogir example is traced in the copies of documents from the Croatian State Archive in Zagreb, as well as in the Chapter Archive of Trogir’s cathedral.

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Građa za vojnu povijest u samostanskim kronikama i kanonskim vizitacijama 18. stoljeća

Author(s): Tamara Tvrtković,Maja Matasović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Canonical visitations and monastic chronicles are internal Church documents, written in Latin, which can also be considered as historiographical sources because they testify on the history of the Roman Catholic Church as well as the population of a certain region. A variety of information can be collected from those writings, such as economy, society, weather conditions etc., and they can be also used as sources for military history. The canonical visitations here considered are the visitations, both of property and of persons, made by the bishops of the diocese of Senj in the 18th century, whereas the chronicles are, for the purpose of this work, the chronicles of the Franciscan monasteries in Slavonia. Here it can be found testimonies about financial and judicial division between the Church and the state, their mutual cooperation, and sometimes even traces of conflict. These documents also give information about military expeditions, activities (such as building of fortifications or battles) and army movements through various parts of Croatia, about the names of regiments and officers (and even of some soldiers). We can also learn something about the nationality, religion and even the life of a soldier, through their interaction with the local people, and especially with the Church community. This work will show how these data can be classified and used for various purposes. It will also mention some problems the researchers encounter while translating, mostly because the specialized terminology has not yet been systematized.

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O spisu Markantuna de Dominisa Hridi kršćanskoga brodoloma, tiskanom u Londonu 1618. godine

Author(s): Robert Holjevac / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

In this theological and ecclesiological work Marcus Antonius de Dominis widely discusses about the things that went wrong throughout the centuries of the history of the Church. Therefore, he elaborates the sins of the Church comparing all these sins to the underwater rocks in the river, threatening to wreckage the ships that sailing along. Thus, de Dominis divided all these sins in various groups, such as papacy which is heavily criticized by him. Furthermore, he writes about the sins of the Roman Church, such are vanity and greed which are the source of all the evil, sin and of all abuse even from the very beginning of the Christianity. To confirm it, de Dominis gives some examples from the Gospel. He also criticizes widely spread way of worshipping holy icons, statues and saints, as well as the holy mother of Jesus, St. Mary, who is often more worshipped by uneducated and common people than the God and Jesus Christ themselves. In de Dominis’ opinion this is the way how the contemporary Roman Church misused and abused its power, showing it to common people, trying to control them at the same time, but not to educate them properly as it should be done. Also, de Dominis very much criticizes the tradition of fasting. Instead of this, in his opinion, a Christian should be merciful to the poor and to those who really need their help and compassion. According to his point of view, the universal church is a fleet led by its captain, Jesus Christ himself. Each of the ships in this fleet represents a denomination. So, according to this de Dominis’ view the Roman Church and the pope cannot be the representatives of the universal Catholic Church, but only the representatives of the Roman Church that is equal to the other ones. This de Dominis’ work has been written during his stay in England when he was still influenced by the protestant religious views under the protection of the king James I of England, though de Dominis considered himself to be Catholic. However, when the political constellation changed together with his position and security, de Dominis’ religious point of view has also changed towards the catholic one and to Rome, although this can be oversimplifying view of his change. From today’s point of view, it can be considered that de Dominis was first ecumenist and that he worked in favor of the unity of the churches. It can be said that Marcus Antonius de Dominis was the first one who tried to define the relations between the Church and the state in the modern way in the end of the 16th and beginning of the 17th century, and his work influenced this relations in the 20th and 21st century as well.

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Opatija sv. Sergija i Baka i njeni opati tijekom 15. stoljeća prema dokumentima Tajnoga vatikanskog arhiva

Author(s): Jadranka Neralić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Zahvaljujući svom zavidnom zemljopisnom položaju, u blizini Jadranskoga mora i ušća rijeka Drima i Bojane, gdje su se susretali i miješali elementi različitih kultura, Skadar je od davnina uživao osobit status pograničnoga naselja. Međutim upravo je zbog tog povoljnog položaja bio ranjiv na opasnosti koje su prijetile s mora i kopna. Tijekom stoljeća na ovom su se području izmjenjivali brojni osvajači.Krajem 14. stoljeća postalo je dijelom mletačkoga dominio del mar.

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O spisu Danijela Loheta Sorex primus

Author(s): Robert Holjevac / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Tematski spis Sorex primusjedan je u nizu bilo Dominisovih bilo spisa koji se izravno tiču splitskoga nadbiskupa Markantuna de Dominisa. Taj je spis na neki način nastavak na Dominisova djela Propovijed na prvu nedjelju došašća, Hridi kršćanskog brodolomaiO podrijetlu, napretku te gašenju ustanove papinstva. Na potonji se vrlo kritički bio osvrnuo profesor teologije kelnskoga sveučilišta, izvjesni Leonardo Marije, sa svojim kolegom Severinom Binijem. Sorex primus odgovor je toj dvojici, a napisao ga je Danijel Lochet (Lohet), Dominisov tajnik, inače Burgunđanin kojeg odlikuje vrlo dobro poznavanje pisane antičke baštine, ali i kršćanske teološke misli, i one prošle i one njemu suvremene. Svi nabrojeni spisi vremenski se poklapaju s Dominisovim boravkom u Engleskoj (1616. – 1622.) i obrađuju teološke teme koje se referiraju na opću povijest Crkve i brojne epizode iz Dominisova života, poglavito one koje se tiču njegova senjskoga i splitskoga razdoblja. Osim spomenutog vrlo širokog znanja, Lochet raspolaže i vrlo opsežnim repertoarom i dijapazonom vrlo oštrih te sočnih, pa i vulgarnih izraza i riječi kojima časti svoga protivnika, u ovom slučaju Leonarda Marija i njegova sudruga. To inače nije rijetkost u vehementnim raspravama kasne renesanse kraja 16. i početka 17. stoljeća.

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Enthüllungen über Don Thoma Raspassani, dem „ungarischen” Vikar von Wasserstadt Ofen (Buda)

Author(s): Eleonóra ERZSÉBET GÉRA / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

Don Thoma Raspassani, der katholische Priester der Wasserstadt, war zu Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts gut bekannt in Ofen, wobei seine Rolle und Persönlichkeit ein breites Spektrum an Gefühlen auslöste: Der Stadtmagistrat und die deutsche Bevölkerung arbeiteten lange auf seine Vertreibung hin, von den in Minderheit geratenen Ungarn wurde er vergöttert und nach seinem Tod wurde er plötzlich vom einstigem Symbol der „jesuitischen Unterdrückung” zum Vertreter der städtischen Freiheiten. Raspas-sanis Andenken wird auch heute noch an einem frequentierten Platz der Hauptstadt, dem heutigen Batthyány Platz, bewahrt – ein enormes Gebäude im Barockstil unweit des Donauufers, die auf seinen Wunsch der heiligen Anna geweihte Kirche.

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Vështrim mbi jetën baritore dhe shpirtërore të Kishës shqiptare në dokumente arkivore të fundit të shekullit XIX

Author(s): Odette Marquet / Language(s): Albanian Publication Year: 0

Për fat mirë mund të flasim lirisht për dokumente të arkivave për ta nxjerrë kujtesën e së kaluarës së mbetur fshehur thellë për një kohë tepër të gjatë. Shpresoj se në dritën e këtyre dokumenteve mund ta depërtojmë në jetën e Kishës katolike në Shqipëri të asaj kohe dhe të përjetojmë disa momente të rëndësishme të kësaj kaluare, e cila paraqet vazhdimësinë e fesë sonë të krishterë në një kohë jashtëzakonisht të trazuar nën sundimin osman.

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Essential Factors that Contributed to the Growth of the Church in the Subapostolic Age

Author(s): Bebe Ciaușu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article explores the factors that led to the explosive growth of the Church in the subapostolic period, despite the vacuum of authority and missionary strategy left by the death of Christ's apostles. Some of these factors, such as the exercise of supernatural gifts, the dedication of itinerant prophets to bring the Gospel to as many people as possible, the synagogue system and the prevalence of Jewish proselytism, Hellenized culture, Roman infrastructure, and the rise of mystery religions are attested to in the literature. However, in this research paper, we suggest that a decisive role in the spread of the Gospel throughout the Roman Empire was played by Christian laymen who believed it was their responsibility to carry the message of salvation to the ends of the earth.

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