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Development of rural tourism in Slovenia – potential guidelines for Serbia

Author(s): Gordana Radović / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The aim of this paper is to present and analyze development of rural tourism in the Republic of Slovenia. This analysis is relevant due to the fact that experience from Slovenia can be applied to Serbia, having in mind that both countries have agricultural households which share similar characteristics and needs. An average agriculture household in Slovenia covers the size of 6.5 hectares of arable land. Slovenia is the country where the development of rural tourism enabled additional income for agricultural households, growth of rural economies and putting an end to demographic devastation of the rural areas. Taking into account that average size of agricultural households in Serbia is rather small, rural tourism development emerges both as a necessity and perspective. Research methods used in this paper are analytical and synthetic, historical and comparative. The author concludes that rural tourism development in the Republic of Serbia requires strategic and financial support of the state, further active applying to EU funding, maximizing the rural tourism profit, along with merging and specialization of the rural tourism entities.

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Definition of wellness and its concepts

Author(s): Sandra Živanović,Nevena Manojlović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Studies show that about 80% of all diseases causing suffering and eventually death of nowadays population are mostly associated with stress, i.e. managerial disease. The solution to this issue is mainly based on frequent vacations and trips to nature. However, this concept has no application to those who live and work in urban areas. As a consequence, there has been an increased development in wellness tourism, which uses a variety of programs for improving the general condition of people and reducing the effects of stress to a minimum. Considering the fact that nowadays there is a large number of interpretations of the very notion of wellness, the focus of this paper is to define this concept enabling thus an easier definition of wellness tourism. This is followed by pointing out the most important elements of wellness tourism and a brief description of each of these elements.

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The role of the European Commission in the process of establishing the common European tourism policy

Author(s): Daliborka Petrović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The subject of the paper is the role of the European Commission in the process of establishing the common European tourism policy. The aim of the paper is to analyse each phase of this process from chronological perspective, by using the method of qualitative analysis of the relevant European Commission’s documents, and to emphasise the key role of the European Commission in establishing the common European policy. Based on the EC documents analysis, it can be concluded that tourism had been treated for a long period of time just as the tool and instrument for accomplishing other supernational policies, when in 2010, the EC initiated the establishment of the common EU tourism policy at the supranational level. Unlike other supernational policies, European tourism policy was created in the process that lasted for two decades. According to the EC documents analysis, as the key indicator of an increased recognition of the importance of tourism as an independent industry within the EU the goals of the EC set for each phase of the process are taken, rather than the total financial sum invested.

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Supporting the sustainable development in the Republic of Serbia

Author(s): Dragan Stojkovic,Miljan Leković / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Aspiration for enormous profits, under conditions of strong competition and growing production, often leads to excessive and irrational use of renewable and non-renewable resources. This raises the need of forming various associations and organizations aimed at preserving the living environment, in order to achieve a balance between economic and environmental objectives. The development that meets the needs of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is called sustainable development which is the result of congruence of economic, environmental and social objectives in the long term. At the global level, there is a large number of documents setting out the principles of sustainable development, among which the most important are Declaration on Environment and Development (1992) and document RIO+20 (2012), both defined in Rio de Janeiro. Since 2008 the Republic of Serbia has the defined National strategy for sustainable development which is in line with all global documents in this field and provides a framework for defining local sustainable development strategies.

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Од традиционалних бањских лечилишта до дестинација здравственог туризма

Author(s): Milena Podovac / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

Book review

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Облици и трендови здравственог туризма

Author(s): Milica Luković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

Book review

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Characteristics of landscape tourism motives

Author(s): Nikola Todorović / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Although being widespread elements of tourism offer, landscapes are not sufficiently researched, particularly in comparison to other cultural tourism motives. Landscape elements are either tangible or intangible, and their presence and combination determine the landscape character and its particular type. They have a polyvalent effect, which makes them complex tourism motives, but at the same time impedes their differentiation and conditions their complementary character. Aesthetic attractive attributes are primarily, but not exclusively, linked to natural landscapes. Recreational attributes of a landscape are specific for not being linked to a physical geographical agent, but a visual one instead. Rarity attributes are especially present in cultural landscapes. Prominent attributes are present in historical battlefields landscapes, those which inspired famous works of art, and urban landscapes with featured prominent elements.

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Natural features of Rudnik mountain as development factors of sustainable tourism types

Author(s): Milica Cvetanović / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Rudnik is the most attractive mountain in Šumadija Mountains Range. The main reason is the large number of peaks, six of which exceed 1000 m above sea level. Its natural resources, especially floral, geomorphological and climatological, make Rudnik an oasis for relaxation and recreation. This is supported by the fact that as far back as in 1922 it was proclaimed an air spa. The development of sustainable types of tourism on Rudnik would also contribute to the economic growth of the local community. Despite its excellent geographic position and transport connections, tourism on Rudnik is not developed sufficiently. The aim of this paper is to present, through both field and literary research of Rudnik, all the natural elements of this mountain and the way they can influence the future development of sustainable types of tourism.

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Recovering lost customers

Author(s): Radoslav Senić,Sonja Milojević / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

One of the most important tasks of tourism marketing, especially in hospitality and gastronomy sectors, is linked to establishing long term relationships with guests. Customers, in this case - guests, represent the most valuable assets of a company. Hotels can assure their survival, further growth and development through retaining the existing, attracting new and recovering lost guests. Keeping existing, loyal guests is the most lucrative business, attracting new guests is the most expensive one, whereas recovering of lost and often forgotten guests is a type of business that still has not received adequate attention. So far, marketing strategies have largely been focused onto the first two categories of guests. The focus of this paper is to examine defection of the existing and recovering lost guests. The paper reviews the life cycle of the relationship with customers and the significance of managing defected customers in it, the very process of managing customers return and reasons why customers have defected. The aim is to point to the importance of recovering lost customers (guests).

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Macroeconomic indicators of international tourism of the Republic of Serbia

Author(s): Dragana Gnjatović,Miljan Leković / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

This paper examines the position of international tourism in the balance of payments of the Republic of Serbia and the impact of foreign currency inflow from tourism on export and overall performances of the domestic economy. The analysis of relevant macroeconomic indicators is based on generally accepted methodology of balance of payments of the International Monetary Fund and integral international system of national accounts (System of National Accounts – SNA, 2008). On the basis of this analysis, it is concluded that tourism has not yet made positive impact on the overall balance of payments flows of the Republic of Serbia. In addition, the contribution of international tourism to the export and economic growth performance of the country is still a quite modest scale, which is inconsistent with the strategic orientation of the Republic of Serbia. The comparative analysis of relevant macroeconomic indicators for South Eastern European countries confirms this statement.

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Climate as a factor of tourism development in the area of Gruža

Author(s): Gordana Petrović Garić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Very strong development of tourism has become one of the most significant phenomenon of our time. Its development is important for the countries that are currently developing, especially for poor rural areas. The interest of tourists in precise weather and climate information, as well as extreme weather conditions predictions, are becoming increasingly important. This is due to the fact that a lot of tourist activities depend on weather conditions and climate. The long-term tourism development depends to a great extent on accurate information about climatic features of an area. Favourable climatic conditions are often a key factor for choosing a particular destination. This paper presents the values of climatic elements for the period from 1991 to 2011 and their impact on the development of tourism in the area of the Gruža region. The Gruža is a part of a larger natural geographical region called Šumadija stretching for the most part in the valley of the river of the same name. The task of this paper is to explore the values of climatic elements as important factors in choosing the Gruža area as a tourist destination. Climate has an important role in determining the suitability of an area in terms of the development of tourism. The aim is to show the climatic elements values in the geographic area that represents a potential for tourism development. The cartographic, statistical, graphical and comparative methods have been used. Emphasis is placed on examining the cause-effect relationships as a synthesis of mutual influences of various climatic elements. Climatic conditions of he Gruža region are characterized by moderately cold winters and moderately warm summers.

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Status and prospects of tourism product development: Events/Festivals in Serbia

Author(s): Danijela Vićentijević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

A tourism product means the overall tourism experience of tourists that meet their expectations, including those regarding accommodation, natural and cultural attractions, entertainment, transportation, hospitality, catering, and so on. Events/festivals are a global phenomenon gaining importance through the events industry. This tourism product can be quickly placed on the market in Serbia so that a significant portion of tourism demand could be attracted with minimal investments. Having in mind that this form of tourism is an integral part of the tourist offer of Serbia and an important part of our culture, it should be developed and commercialized faster. Events/festivals are unique experience for visitors being an integral part of the Serbian people tradition and a powerful tool for attracting more tourists, regardless of their primary travel motivation. Although the events/festivals are an important resource for tourism in Serbia, they are neither sufficiently valorised, nor is enough attention paid to their organization and promotion. The aim of this paper is to point out the necessity of further research of tourist events/festivals aimed at improving unfavourable situation in this area. The method and results: the creation of a SWOT analysis as the first step in strategic planning.

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Museums as primary tourist attractions in the function of the general development in the region

Author(s): Vladimir Krivošejev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Since the nineteenth century, with the massive founding of new institutions, museums also have had a great importance in the independent parallel process of the rapid development of tourist activity - they have been primary tourist attractions bringing a growing number of travellers to a certain destination. With the further tourism development directed towards the „ready-made“ massive offer of the type 3S, but also with the crisis of museums caused by not accepting general changes influencing modern needs of the public, the importance of the museum has decreased and they have become secondary and tertiary tourist attractions, the places that are less and less visited, and often visited without a prior intention. The pathways of the development of a museum and tourist activity crossed once again during the last decades of the twentieth century, when the parallel development of new museology and new tourism brought museums again in the focus of tourist trends. The aim of this paper is to show, on the basis of the analysis of the information from the available relavant literature indicating modern trends and examples of good practice, that in the current connecting museum and tourist activitities museums are becoming primary tourist attractions again. This is indicated by the examples of big, classical world museums, like The Louvre and The British Museum, but also the museums in smaller towns like Belfort (France), Rotorua (New Zealand) and Dolny Kubin (Slovakia). The additional aim of the paper is to indicate, on the examples of The Gugenheim Museum in Bilbao and the branch of The Louvre in Lens, that the museums as primary tourist attractions can also be strategically designed generators of the exhausted economy renewal.

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Summer music festivals as hallmark of the region

Author(s): Smiljka Isaković / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

This paper is dedicated to music outdoor festivals (Trumpet Festival in Guča, Exit, Mermer i zvuci), which from ancient times till today did not lose their appeal, becoming a hallmark of the local community and the holder of the economic development of the region and society. The explosive development of information era introduced a logical, transparent system of organized thinking, and the new conceptual age is based on creativity - especially with industrial production moving towards the creative work of knowledge and skills. Working hours are being reduced and the problem of the quality leisure time is emerging. As one of the activities of spending quality leisure time, tourism is changing from passive to active, thanks to the technological connectivity of the world as a global village. Special interest tourism / cultural tourism appeared, as cultural sector has become an important partner in the economic development of countries. Development of the festival tourism in our country must be supported by the state and the society, as through the quality of our cultural events we could be represented as equal partners at the global market.

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Developmental opportunities and prospects of Serbian spa resorts in current social, political and economic environment

Author(s): Siniša Perić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

This article is designed to point to some positive experiences and conclusions, which can be relevant for the future development of Serbian spa resorts sector, i.e. the design and implementation of its restructuring and repositioning. In the upcoming period we can expect the sequel of the standardization trend in majority of European spa resort destinations, primarily in the service sector, but with emphasized preservation of spa resorts‟ surroundings and upkeep of specifics and tradition of local environment. The current social circumstances and changes in the tourism market require not only designed and financially more efficient investments, but also the personnel capable of implementing the process of spa resorts transformation. In what way and with what prospects Serbian spa destinations will take part in this market competition is essentially up to their own management, but also to the government‟s policy to spas which is supposed to stimulate and encourage private investors to direct their investments into spa resorts destinations.

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Мedia as a promoter of tourism in Serbia

Author(s): Nada Torlak / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Worldwide changes, especially in this region, are reflected in our country which is currently undergoing a process of transition and transformation. Transition and the economic crisis as well are inevitably reflected in all spheres of the society, including the tourism industry. The purchasing power (or powerlessness) of the population directly affects the number of trips which are what one first thinks of when talking about tourism. Similarly, the economic (dis)ability of the state adversely affects the improvement of the tourist offer of our country. The demand for a particular destination depends not only on the available time and money, but is also heavily influenced by the media.

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Legal consumer protection – with regards to the rights of hotel services users

Author(s): Nina Maksimović,Rada Milićević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The service user (consumer), in terms of Consumer Protection Act of the Republic of Serbia of 2011. Art. 5, Par. 1, is an individual who obtains services in the market for the purposes other than intended for his business, or other commercial activities. Nowadays a consumer is the focal point of any business. The existence of a business primarily depends on satisfaction but, more and more, on loyalty of consumers as well. Not infrequently in the literature can we encounter views that the consumer is actually the one who explains success, or failure, of some company. The consumer is both a purpose and goal of any business, including the hotel one, but in practice individual service users do not gain such an impression. The author will try to point out the rights the hotel services users enjoy and how they can protect themselves from increasingly aggressive hotel companies marketing campaigns. In this regard, a range of activities primarily designed to protect consumers from unlawful business practices that violate his fundamental rights as a consumer are considered. In addition, we will point to the normative framework of consumer protection in the Republic of Serbia, at the same time discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the CPA implementation.

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Tourist crime as a challenge to the destinations development

Author(s): Vukan Slavković / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Along with the development of globalization, growing attention in politics, media and science is directed at the problem of the relationship between tourism and crime in a number of countries. At the same time, the problems of tourism related to drugs and alcohol abuse, sex tourism etc. emphasize the role of criminal offenses and other violations of regulations performed by tourists during their stay in the destination. Тhis article provides a critical review of a range of topics, including criminal offenses against tourists, an official reaction to tourists criminality, tourists as offenders, tourism and property crime, marking dangerous tourist sites, establishing safety in areas without state control, cooperation between judiciary and other state authorities, as well as a range of other relevant issues. This paper analyzes the concepts, ideas and empirical evidence from three different fields of research - criminology, criminal law and tourism management.

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Tourist facilities as targets of modern terrorism

Author(s): Ratko Lj. Ljubojević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The subject matter of this paper is terrorist attacks on tourist facilities worldwide that during the first decade of the 21st century have become not only more frequent but also all the more lethal. Increased level of security of the state institutions and diplomatic missions in the world after the terrorist attacks on the US on September 11, 2001, made the terrorists reorient the focus of their attention primarily to large international hotel facilities. The aim of this paper is to highlight the fact that these "small towns" are relatively easy and very vulnerable targets of terrorist attacks. Namely, in situations in which there are affluent movements of guests and a large number of employees, potential terrorists can easily infiltrate and perform observation smoothly, design modus operandi and finally, with a small number of operatives conduct the attack. Therefore, measures of crisis management in the hotels are of crucial importance for the safety of both guests and employees.

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Culture as part of the tourist offer - Case study of the Homeland Museum/Castle of Culture in Vrnjačka Banja

Author(s): Jelena Borović Dimić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The aim of this paper is to present the cultural offer through the presentation of our programmes of the Vrnjačka Banja museum as part of Serbian general tourist offer. The programme is designed to provide visitors a high-quality programmes constantly. It is created in collaboration with our renowned cultural heritage institutions, as well as other cultural institutions, artists and foreign embassies and institutes. Described events are dynamic and diverse. The programme in our own production is based on valorising values of Vrnjačka Banja Spa incorporated in its identity. In 2014, in addition to seeing permanent exhibitions, all tourists and citizens could attend 14 galaopenings of other exhibitions, 27 musical evenings, 25 educational programme film evenings and 5 lecture presentations.

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