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Dezvoltarea durabilă a infrastructurii rutiere prin utilizarea betonului autoreparator pentru reducerea impactului negativ asupra mediului

Author(s): Alexandra-Marina Barbu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Sustainable development is a way of thinking, which means changing ideas; sustainable development is one direction, which means reviewing plans and objectives; sustainable development is a statement, which means planning and implementing specific actions. Currently, concrete is the most widely used structural material in road infrastructure. Concrete is a sensitive material, cracks and micro-cracks may occur during operation. Although the cracking/micro-cracking of concrete does not implicitly cause structural damage, it creates a path for corrosive factors, which leads to decreased structural durability caused by material changes and reinforcement corrosion. The self-repairing ability of concrete refers to the process of closing cracks to prevent the entry of potentially aggressive agents. Concrete used in bridge construction is usually covered with a waterproof layer and a layer of asphalt mixture, which also acts as a wear layer, but which can prevent the entry of water containing corrosive ions, the natural aggressiveness of the environment or accelerated corrosion by the penetration of thawing substances etc. Road infrastructure repair works affected by degradation processes are costly, time consuming and lead to a reduction in traffic flow, by partially closing it during interventions. To overcome these shortcomings, over time, several types of concrete with self-repairing properties have been developed, based on several methods such as: pipe networks, superabsorbent polymer capsules and textile fibers, bacteria etc.

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The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Romanian Tourist Sector

Author(s): Cristina Ioana Balint / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Tourism is considered one of the most important economic sectors, due to its multiple roles, namely: economic, social, cultural, educational and political role. The tourism also is considered to be one of the most important sectors for supporting and developing a country’s economic through the fact that people have traveled for a long period of time and still continue to do it also nowadays more often. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused several global damages and has spread rapidly, affecting all the sectors, and especially the tourism one. The development of this sector is closely linked to the ability of people to travel, which is why the restrictions imposed by the authorities for stopping the virus to spread, have reduced seriously the evolution of the tourism. The purpose of this paper is to reflect the effects of the pandemic on the Romanian tourism, and, at the same time, to highlight the relevance and the sensibility of this sector crisis events. This article analyzes the situation of the tourism in Romania, both in the pre-pandemic period and during it, following the number of international arrivals and the tourism receipts, but also the evolution of the establishments of tourist reception with accommodation functions. The data provided by the World Tourism Organization (UNTWO), World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank and the National Institute of Statistics (INS) were used in order to observe the impact of the pandemic on the Romanian tourism, and the research was based on the analysis and interpretation of the obtained data. As a conclusion, in the end, the effects of the pandemic and the impact that the possible crisis situations have on the Romanian touristic sector can be observed.

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Sustainable Mountain Tourism in the Alps: The “Mountaineering Villages” Concept, a Local Model for Sustainable Mountain Tourism in the Alps

Author(s): Thomas Dax,Oliver Tamme / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Alpine range is one of the best-known regions of relentless tourism growth. While it attracted outstanding numbers of tourists through both, summer and winter season, main destination areas are distributed very unevenly across the different parts of the mountain area. This led to a significant concentration of tourism intensity in some regions and even local “hot-spots” with a rising concern for negative effects on environmental performance. Alpine stakeholder groups (CIPRA) therefore advocated very early to address the issues of “overtourism” in this sensitive mountain context and succeeded in convincing politicians to agree on the Alpine Convention (1991), a policy agreement concerned with a whole set of sustainable development issues, including sustainable tourism pathways. Against the persisting mainstream of large-scale mountain tourism in large parts of the Western Alps, but also in Western Austria, few actions towards sustainable mountain tourism were elaborated. Since 2008 small communities have elaborated the concept of “Mountaineering Villages”, first as an initiative of the Austrian Alpine Club within the framework of the Alpine Convention’s activities. It seeks to promote low-intensity tourism strategies in high mountain areas, benefitting from unique mountaineering options. Due to its close interrelation with landscape development and land use, linkages to agriculture and local development of agritourism activities are an important element in these local initiatives. Aspects of enabling nature “experience” and emotional encounters with natural resources and mountain assets are considered instrumental for the attraction and success of the alternative tourism scheme. Spreading from a number of committed communities, at present 22 villages in Austria and increasingly also mountain communities in Italy, Switzerland, Slovenia and Germany are engaged in this concept. At present (May 2022) the association of the Mountaineering Villages extends to 36 municipalities. The paper will analyze how this small niche activity of mountain tourism achieves to address the specific assets of mountains, linking outdoor activities such as climbing, hiking, and nature exploration with landscape development, preservation of nature protection areas and adapted land management. It appears crucial that this link of agricultural activities, agritourism and other forms of rural and mountain tourism shape a specific profile of small-scale communities. Local strategies oriented at sustainable mountain development concepts are assessed as pivotal to provide targeted and ecologically-beneficial approaches of mountain tourism. These might serve as insightful models against growth-dependent large-scale tourism stereotypes

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Investigation of Studies on Romanian Rural Tourism with Bibliometric Analysis

Author(s): Aslı Sultan EREN,Kubra Gundogdu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Rural tourism, which emerged when people struggling with stress in crowded city life went to rural areas in line with their desire to discover themselves, to be intertwined with nature and to return to their essence, offers the local people employment opportunities in many different areas. In addition, doing many activities increases the touristic attraction of rural tourism. It has been frequently preferred by people in recent years. Based on the importance of rural tourism, this study aims to examine the studies on Romanian rural tourism with the bibliometric analysis method. It allows to examine the characteristics of the studies such as method, technique and density. This analysis provides an opportunity to predict what the current situation of rural tourism studies is and how it will be shaped in the future. This situation reveals that the study will make an important contribution to the literature. 47 articles written in English were used as data in the study.

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Conceptual Analysis of Recreational Activities in Rural Tourism: A Study in Sinop Province

Author(s): Buse Kekec,Defne Egirmen,Duygu Ayaz,Gul Erkol Bayram / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Sinop Province has a very convenient structure in terms of the use and development of rural tourism activities. The city, which home to different bird species, lakes, waterfalls, nature park, plateaus and many other natural beauties in the region, is also rich in cultural and historical terms. The aim of the study is to examine and develop rural tourism recreational activities in the province of Sinop. The study aims to increase the demand for rural tourism, to ensure the development of rural facilities, and to evaluate the infrastructure and superstructure by examining the recreational activities carried out within the scope of rural tourism in the province of Sinop from a conceptual perspective. The research is important in terms of supporting the socio-cultural and economic development of the people of the region, strengthening the relationship with the tourist, contributing to the development of the region. It is important in terms of contributing to the development of the region, its sustainability and the correct use of productive natural areas that can be brought into tourism.

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Cost-Oriented Management of Agritourism Social Infrastructure in Ukraine

Author(s): Yulia Manachynska,Svitlana Luchyk,Olena Moshkovska,Volodymyr I. YEVDOSHCHAK / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the current conditions of declining tourism activity due to the coronavirus pandemic, Ukraine agritourism needs an appropriate level of investment support from real and potential investors. An effective form of development of agritourism is its development as one of the types of subsidiary production of agricultural enterprises. That is, the agricultural enterprise must be socially responsible and develop infrastructure for tourism. The purpose of the study is to implement N-dimensional model of cost-oriented management based on actuarial accounting at domestic agricultural enterprises in rural areas, the content of which will provide investors with an objective assessment of their value through the prism of actuarial reporting. The object of the study is the process of cost-oriented management of rural agribusiness based on the Actuarial Balance Sheet. The research methodology is based on the application of the 3D-recording method, discounted valuation and 5D-actuarial reporting in displaying information from the actuarial accounting system. Inventions and conclusions. The results of the study showed that agricultural enterprises need to attract investment not only in the development of agricultural production, but also in the development of infrastructure for tourism which could attract tourists and prolong their stay in rural areas. The innovation and value of the results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed N-dimensional model for cost-oriented management of agritourism social infrastructure on the grounds of accounting and information base of N-dimensional actuarial reporting.

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The Relationship Between Communication Skills and Tourism Perceptions of Local People: The Case of Sinop

Author(s): Hasibe Yazit,Gul Erkol Bayram,Melike Sak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Local people are one of the important drivers of tourism. They have a significant role on tourist behavior for having a positive destination image and repeat visits. This situation emphasizes the importance of the communication of the local people with the tourists. Tourism perception of the local people is seen as an indicator of its contribution to tourism development. The local people’s positive perception of tourism will enable tourists to be satisfied with this region and contribute to the touristic development of the region. It is thought that tourists from the local people who can develop effective communication skills and positive tourism perception will also be satisfied. In this context, the aim of the research is to determine the relationship between communication skills and tourism perception. In the scope of the research, a questionnaire was applied to 500 people residing in the city of Sinop. The data obtained were evaluated with the SPSS program and the relationship between the communication skills of the local people and their perception of tourism was tested. According to the results, a positive and negative relationship was determined between the communication skills of the local people and the sub-dimensions of tourism perceptions. Some suggestions were made according to the results of the research

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Light Pollution and Astro-tourism: The Case of Melik Plateau

Author(s): Hatice Sari Gok / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The sky, the stars, the rainbow, and the universe have always piqued people’s interest, from ancient times to the present. The night sky can be enjoyed in all its glory in large rural areas that are not harmed by light pollution. For sky observations, places with less light pollution are favored due to heavy light pollution in cities. The concept of astro-tourism was born as a result of this event’s transformation into a tourism activity. Astro-tourism is a sort of nature-based tourism that involves traveling to locations where there is no light pollution to observe the sky and celestial occurrences. The Melik Plateau in Isparta Province has been named the darkest place among Turkey’s National Parks, with little light and air pollution. As a result, the goal of this study is to determine the current state of astro-tourism activities on the Melik Plateau. For this purpose, a SWOT analysis was made regarding the astro-tourism activities of Melik Plateau.

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Branding as a Part of Tourist Destination Development

Author(s): Brankica TODOROVIĆ / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Destination branding is of special importance to the development of tourism in accordance with the requirements of tourist demand. The brand builds loyalty and reduces the risk associated with the intangibility of tourism products. In addition to the growth of tourist demand, the number of protected areas within which tourism is developing in accordance with the prescribed protection system is also increasing. The objectives of the analysis in the paper are: importance of tourist destinations and protected areas as brands; opportunities for tourism development in protected areas; and elements of branding in the tourist region of Western Serbia.

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Main Characteristics of the Accommodation Facilities in Rural Areas: The Case Study of Bulgarian North-West Region

Author(s): Desislava Varadzhakova,Stefan Genchev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Tourism sector is very important for the Bulgarian economy. Before the pandemic of COVID-19 it generates between 10% and 12% of the country’s GDP. The present paper discusses the specifics of the tourism business in the rural areas. For the purpose of the study the research object are the accommodation facilities in these areas. The North-West Region of Bulgaria is chosen as a researched area because it is the least economically developed area in the country. There are 46 rural areas, evenly distributed in the five provinces of the region. The main types of accommodation, their characteristics, their territorial location compared to major urban centers and their relationship with the number of tourist attractions in the researched areas are identified. The main goal of the paper is to explore the potential for development of tourism in rural areas, based on a study of the accommodation facilities in the rural areas in the North-West Region of Bulgaria. The research includes an analysis of the disparities between the different rural areas, the possible reasons for them, as well as the opportunities for tourism development. The conclusions that have been made can become the basis for the development of tourism products and regional strategies for the development of specialized and alternative types of tourism.

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VÝSKUM CESTOVNÉHO RUCHU NA SLOVENSKU

Author(s): Marian Gúčik / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Scientific-research base of the tourism in the conditions of centrally planned economy has broken up after the socio-political changes in former Czechoslovakia in 1989, and significant changes in the organization of the tourism research have been proceeded. In Slovakia the tourism exploitation has moved to the university field, there the triad of the university tasks began to be fulfilled: research – education – service to the society. In the 90s years of the 20th century the scientific-research of the tourism activity was focused mainly on the needs of the education in the conditions of market economy. New university departments of tourism have been founded and the era of funding the research projects from domestic and foreign grants has started. The results of the basic research have been published in the magazines and anthologies, presented at the conferences at home and abroad, used in the education. International cooperation has developed and the interdisciplinarity of the tourism research was supported. Current tourism research is fragmented and uncoordinated. To increase the efficiency of the scientific-research activity in the tourism we suggest the main lines of its exploring.

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SOCIOEKONOMICKÉ BARIÉRY ROZVOJE CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU V REGIONECH

Author(s): Jan Holeček,Iva Galvasová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The article will present partial results from the first two phases of working on a project called "Research socioeconomic potential tourism" (TB010MMR030). This project is funded by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic for the purpose of carrying out their program of public procurement in research, experimental development and innovation for the government (BETA). The aim of the project is to identify the main barriers endogenous tourism development and design of tools and mechanisms that will lead to more efficient processes in the tourist destination regions. The project focuses on the following topics: 1. Socio-economic structure of the local population and its impact on the activities and processes within the region. 2. Business activity within the region - the structure, the intensity of cooperation. 3. Destination management and activities of the public sector - a tool implementation of state and regional tourism policy.

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REFLEXIA VEDECKÉHO VÝSKUMU CESTOVNÉHO RUCHU V DIZERTAČNÝCH A HABILITAČNÝCH PRACACH OBHAJOVANÝCH NA EKONOMICKEJ FAKULTE UMB V ROKOCH 1990 – 2012

Author(s): Andrej Malachovský,Ľubica Šebová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Scientific research is an essential part of the work of each university teacher and a natural part of his qualification growth in doctorate and habilitation procedure. PhD and habilitation thesis reflect the level of knowledge and their own thought processes. Every scientist in his research and publications follows specific basic line of content, which is also a natural result of the qualification growth. Forty-six doctoral and habilitation thesis have been defended from 1990 to 2012 at the Faculty of Economics MBU, of which 33 doctoral and 13 habilitation thesis. Most attention is devoted to the economy and policy of tourism (12), management and marketing of tourism (8), quality in tourism (6), business economy and controlling in tourism (5), business environment in tourism (4). Other thesis has dialed the problems of ecologic management, information systems, strategic management, regional policy and investitions in tourism.

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Venkovský cestovní ruch v koncepčních materiálech krajů České republiky

Author(s): Ondřej Petr / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to evaluate position of rural tourism in conceptual documents of the Czech republic NUTS 3 regions, which are targeted at tourism development. Introductory part deals with rural tourism definition, presents brief historic perspectives and topics, which are prevailingly solved. This entry is followed by analysis of relevant chapters of conceptual materials, aimed at questions of tourism. Underlied with such an analysis, it is possible to evaluate the width of attitude to rural tourism development topic in NUTS 3 regions, or sufficiency of measures, specified to achieve the desired state. Furthermore, it is possible to argue, if the approach to rural tourism development is similar or different in all the NUTS 3 regions, to what extent it is a result of top-down effects of national documents and bottom-up effects raising from regional specifics.

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HoReCa Tourism Rights in National and European Union Law - Comparative Aspects

Author(s): Laura Ramona Nae / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the tourism sector, especially in the HoReCa industry, the protection of the rights of customers-tourists consuming hotel services and products, is of particular importance. safety (including food). In the legislative context, mainly at the level of the European Union and at national level, a number of measures are accepted and implemented with the help of various legal instruments, in order to protect the rights of consumers, including alternative dispute resolution methods.

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CESTOVNÍ RUCH V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE OD POČÁTKU EKONOMICKÉ KRIZE

Author(s): Alena Hellerová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Návštěvnost ubytovacích zařízení v období před začátkem světové ekonomické krize. Vrchol příjezdového cestovního ruchu, dopad krize na frekvenci a délku pobytu zahraničních návštěvníků, pokles tržeb českých ekonomických subjektů. Vývoj domácího cestovního ruchu, jeho specifika v době krize i před ní. Vývoj výjezdového cestovního ruchu, vliv na platební bilanci ČR.

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Travel Agency Contract in the HoReCa Field in the European Union

Author(s): Ioana Nely Militaru,Laura Ramona Nae / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper begins, as is natural, with a brief reference to the term "HORECA", in order to specify the contracts used in this field. The chapters that follow these preliminary clarifications, concern the following: 1) The hotel service contract, from the perspective of the contractual relationship between the hotelier, the consumer tourist and the travel agency, and last but not least the disputes that may result from non-fulfillment of contractual obligations, 2) The contract of agency concluded between the hotel and the travel agency, in the national and European Union legislative context, 3) The content of the agency contract, respectively its clauses.

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Nabídka venkovského cestovního ruchu na Ohři

Author(s): Dagmar Jakubíková,Petr Janeček,Jan Moucha,Jan Tlučhoř / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Řeka Ohře měla vždy pro území severozápadních Čech mimořádný význam. Vytváří totiž v jeho protáhlém tvaru přirozenou podélnou osu, která od sebe odděluje geologicky odlišné útvary. Česká část povodí Ohře (zvláště na dolním a středním toku), o rozloze 5 614 km2, patřila vždy k nejhustěji obydleným územím našeho státu. Kromě rybářství Ohře poskytovala místnímu obyvatelstvu mnoho užitků. Sloužila k zavlažování zemědělských pozemků, plavbě dřeva, byla zdrojem vodní energie, což logicky vedlo k výstavbě pil, mlýnů a hamrů po celé délce jejího toku. Většina území, kterým řeka protéká, je „venkovským prostorem“ (viz tabulka č. 1) a její povodí je v současnosti využíváno pro různé aktivity venkovského turismu, k nimž se řadí rekreace (nejčastěji formou druhého bydlení), vodní turistika, cykloturistika, pěší turistika, lov, rybolov, jezdectví a hipoturistika aj.

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REGIONÁLNÍ DISPARITY PŘÍSTUPNOSTI CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU V KONTEXTU MATERIÁLNÍ DEPRIVACE V ČR

Author(s): Milena Botlíková,Josef Botlík / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is to describe the interregional disparities of tourism accessibility, ie. to evaluate the development of disadvantaged people due to a lack of funds excluded from a certain standard of living. Specifically, it is one of the items of material deprivation. Although the Czech Republic is the region with the lowest level of poverty and people with material deprivation within Europe, there were still many Czech households in 2018 who had a problem financing the weekly vacation during the year. The interregional comparison is based on analyses of EU-SILC data for the period 2009 to 2018 at the NUTS 2 region level. As the result showed, the most affected group of the unavailability of weekly holidays are households of regions with a high share of unemployment, a high proportion of persons below 60% of the median average wage.

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VPLYV CESTOVNÉHO RUCHU NA ROZVOJ MESTA PIEŠŤANY

Author(s): Miroslava Trembošová,Alena Dubcova,Hilda Kramáreková,Peter TREMBOŠ / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Tourism is an important phenomenon that shapes human society. It affects not only the economy but also has significant social, cultural and political implications. In specific cases, it also has an important center-making function. This is also confirmed by the story of the Piešťany Town which, thanks to the development of spa tourism, has changed from a small rural settlement with a dominant agricultural activity to a world-famous spa town with a wide range of economic activities. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the impact of tourism on the social and economic development of the town based on the study of historical materials, statistical data processing, field research and evaluation of the questionnaire survey of the enterprise environment. The stagnation in the number of overnight stays, long-term decline in the number of foreign visitors and changes in their composition and preferences result in a decrease in the number of accommodation facilities and beds. There has been a decline in employment in tourism facilities. The proportion of inhabitants leaving for work has increased. Along with the intense suburbanization process, these changes has led to a decline in the population of the town and its aging. Therefore, the town has to seek also other economic activities which would reverse this unfavorable development.

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