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Czeska „księżniczka” na Kaszubach

Author(s): Daniel Kalinowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article is a description of the drama of Jan Karnowski Libusza, which was built in the thirties of the twentieth century. From examples of Karnowskis dramas Libusza contains a large shipment of ideological and plot concerns a medieval principality of East Pomerania. Libusza occurring in the drama is evocative creation of the Bohemian princess who as a woman and as a ruler was trying to tie Kashubian space with a great European policy. In the drama Karnowski however was not accurate from a historical point of view to show the regional divisions of the Kingdom Polish or explanation of real political or personal relationships, but rather of synthetic and metaphorical illustration of the basic mental problems ever since. Such a choice of aesthetics had cause that the former medieval history of Pomerania and Kashubia will become more understandable to modern readers/spectators, and besides effectively made aware of both Kashubian and Polish consumers about the social and cultural .rank this part of Europe.

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Блаженные спутники: монументальная уединенность, колебание, „классика“ и „маньеризм“ в ранних русском и болгарском модернизмах

Author(s): Yordan Ljuckanov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

This study trials a scheme of detailed periodisation of early modernism in literature, making use of the Bulgarian and Russian early modernisms as of exemplary cases. It attempts to concord a number of theoretical frameworks: Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of the literary field; Russian formalist and post-formalist (Lotmanian) vision of literary everyday writers’ conduct as of an extension of the artistry of literary works proper; the old art-history sensitivity for and notion of repetition- deficient-in-invention, expressed through such terms as “mannerism” and “epigonism”; Matei Calinescu’s concept of “faces of modernity” and Peter Bürger’s idea of the phases of modernity. The four writers under observation are Penčo Slavejkov, Kiril Hristov, Dmitrij Merežkovskij, and Valerij Brjusov.

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Poetika príležitostnej poézie Bohuslava Tablica

Author(s): Peter Mráz / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2014

The article presents Bohuslav Tablic as a poet whose occasional verse came to terms with the relicts of the Baroque, the lasciviousness of Rococo, Preromanticism and the impetuses of Enlightenment Neo-Classicism. The author disguises the occasional character of his poetry in order to produce the work of aesthetically valuable texts.

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L’injonction à témoigner du « Parlement des invisibles » : Entre expression émancipatrice et représentation inachevée

Author(s): Isabelle Galichon / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2016

After the Second World War, the testimonial narrative appears not only as a cathartic way to tell a traumatic personal experience but also to express an ethical and political voice. As a matter of fact, the narrative, and especially the self-narrative, can be considered as a political tool. Through the participatory project of the “Parliament of the Invisibles” launched by Pierre Rosanvallon in January 2014, we intend to analyze how the imaginary of the narrative is reinvested as a resource to represent the Invisible, the voiceless in the society. It is a question of distinguishing the representative function of the narrative that figures people, from the self-narrative that gives a political voice.

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La voix et la honte : De la narration impossible à la possibilité narrative

Author(s): Ion Copoeru / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2016

Seeing shame as the consciousness of a person who has been rejected by the group to which she belongs, this paper aims at clarifying the experience of shame and its reversal. The two stories being discussed here are setting the marks for a passage from destitution to restitution, from impossible narration to the narrative possibility. Their main idea is that the description of the experience of shame cannot be detached from either the power of self-expression of the persons concerned, or from that of the standing in for (the other) of their peers.

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Der deutsch-polnische Bevölkerungstransfer der Jahre 1944 bis 1950 als Gegenstand transnationaler Literaturwissenschaft

Author(s): Dirk Uffelman / Language(s): German Issue: 1-2/2017

This paper explores the heuristic potential of transnational and postcolonial approaches to German and Polish literature on the forced population transfer from and to the former German Eastern borderlands in the years 1944-1950. Spatial and temporal perspectives intersect here: the forced population transfer is viewed as a process in time which encompassed periods of coexistence between Germans, Poles, and “Russians” (the Red Army). While acknowledging the processuality, however, regional particularities of the periods of coexistence, relocation, expulsion, and escape must be considered as well. The paper discusses the consequences which arise from the aforementioned perspectives for the (a)symmetries that can be found in German and Polish literature on the population transfer. Contrary to existing research, this article tests a hypothesis about symmetries between the two literatures, both in their devices of othering and in their historical colonization analogies. This finding of symmetricality in hetero-stereotyping and “colonial” memory politics is contrasted with a diagnosis of asymmetry concerning the role of the Third, be this the local “inbetweeners” such as Kashubians, Silesians, and Masurians, or a “tangential Third,” i.e. representatives of the Red Army, that complicate the only seemingly binary German-Polish confrontations.

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„Pan Samochodzik und das verfluchte Dreieck“, oder Die Trias Polen – Deutsche – Russen in polnischer Jugendliteratur als Artikulationsfeld eines (post-)kolonialen Traumas

Author(s): Dariusz Skórczewski / Language(s): German Issue: 1-2/2017

For several decades, one of the most popular Polish literary series for teenagers has been the over 100 novels about “Pan Samochodzik” [Mr. Little Car], initiated in the 1960s by Zbigniew Nienacki (1929-1994) and continued in post-socialist Poland. In both Nienacki’s work and that of his followers the reader is struck by the frequent appearance of Germans and German motifs. This essay seeks an answer to the question of whence this “over-representation.” Employing postcolonial theory, psychoanalysis, and trauma studies, the analysis of ethnic stereotypes allows the author to set up a hypothesis about the crucial role of the traumatic experience of colonial humiliation and deprivation, shared by Poles owing to the German and Soviet occupations, for the contemporary Polish culture and mentality. This experience, appropriated, manipulated, and contorted by the communist discourse of power, keeps “coming out of the woodwork” and refuses to be silenced even in the postcommunist era. It appears to be transmitted intergenerationally by means of popular narratives which—continuing to exploit the same motifs of war atrocities, plundering, and their aftermath—recontextualize these motifs by placing them in a new, postcolonial constellation. The metaphor of the “damned triangle” is used to describe the process of postcolonial “cultural triangulation,” by means of which category the author proposes to encompass the strategy of self-definition applied by Poles in relation to their “Others,” namely, Germans and Russians, based on their past experience of foreign domination. This strategy appears to be an indispensable component of the “innocent” teen fiction even after the formal colonial dependence has ceased to exist.

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In search of a euphony unit: A case study in Czech 1830s poetry

Author(s): Michal Místecký,Radek Čech,Petr Plecháč / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The study examines selected samples of Czech 1830s poetry production through the prism of a quantitative conception of euphony. Stemming from Jan Mukařovský’s reflections on the topic, it tries to strengthen the notion through the creation of exact figures with intersubjective validity. To this end, the count of this property devised by Gabriel Altmann is utilized and innovated by a new unit – the consonant set – which endeavours to grasp the phonetic reality of language more effectively than the casually used concept of sound. The analysis proves the solid character of the new unit, shows interrelations between the two calculations, and proposes a few interpretations of the euphony situation in Czech poetry of the 1830s. Moreover, it demonstrates effective ways of displaying data results by means of scatter plots and cluster analyses. As a spinoff of the core idea, the paper also explores Mukařovský’s high evaluation of Mácha’s use of euphony.

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Un parziale autografo di Marco monaco Il manoscritto della Biblioteca Vaticana Chig. R.V.33 (gr. 27)

Author(s): Francesco D’Aiuto / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1-2/2018

Through focused on palaeographical and codicological features, a new analytical description of the manuscript Chisianus R.V.33 (gr. 27) provides signifi cant insight into the idiosyncratic nature of this important witness (datable to the AD 1260s) for Mark the Monk’s ascetic fl orilegia. This manuscript was copied by more than twenty scribes, whose hands alternate with one another in a curiously frenetic manner: almost 300 changes of hand occur in this manuscript of nearly 350 folia. Responsible for assigning the portions to be transcribed by the other scribes, the leading hand among them is shown to have been that of the author himself, i.e. Mark the Monk. His activity can be followed step by step from the beginning of this collective work to its fi nal sections, when he probably was compelled by illness to cede his role of chief scribe to one of his collaborators and disciples. Many of these were not professional calligraphers, or were even semi-literate, and they were probably the monks and novices of an unidentifi ed monastery where Mark lived. Finally, some observations are made regarding the composition and transcription of such a collection of fl orilegia. These activities were inextricably intertwined, since the author not only coordinated the copying of his texts from an already existing torso or partial antigraph of his fl orilegia, but probably went on adding other excerpts to his main fl orilegium both while having it transcribed and even later, inserting them in spaces that had been left blank at the end of each section of the book. This explains well the author’s regret – expressed in his autograph colophon on fol. 347v – at not having had the chance to complete the «writing» of his book «by his own hand». Indeed, literary composition and transcription tend to coincide, to some extent, in this sort of collections of excerpts.

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Типология свободного стиха

Author(s): J. Põldmäe / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/1977

Свободный стих часто рассматривается в отрыве от всех систем традиционного стиха как явление, им абсолютно противопоставленное. Поэтому и результаты его типологического изучения, как хорошо видно и из обзорной статьи А. Л. Жовтис а , не привели к особо значимым результатам. Не так уж редко разочарованный исследователь приходит к заключению: ритм каждого стихотворения, написанного верлибром, сугубо индивидуален. Вывод этот вполне справедлив, но не должен препятствовать типологическим штудиям: и ритм, например, каждого ямбического стихотворения индивидуален и неповторим, однако это обстоятельство не мешает определению его размера.

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3. Программа доклада Б. Томашевского «О ритме прозы»

Author(s): Boris Tomashevsky / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/1977

Определение ритма необходимо при изучении ритма прозы, так как ритм не является существенным качеством прозы. В стихах это необходимо лишь постольку, поскольку служит средством разграничения прозы от стихов. Самая общая формула языкового ритма - «везде, где есть усилие стиля, имеется версификация» (Mallarme). «Версификация» здесь следует понимать - «ритмичность». Но «усилие стиля» надо определить точнее - «организация языкового матерьала во времени».

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Понятие системности и организованности (предварительный набросок)

Author(s): Aleksandr Lyubishchev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/1977

В настоящее время в мировой литературе наблюдается большое ож ивление дискуссии по проблеме системности и весьма родственной ей проблеме организменности. В дискуссии принимают участие ученые самых разнообразных специальностей: математики, физики, химики, физиологи, биологи-систематики, социологи, логики, философы. Издаются сборники и даж е журналы по вопросам системы, происходят многочисленные совещания. Как и следовало ожидать, при таком разнообразии участников вся дискуссия нередко принимает характер Вавилонского столпотворения, когда спорщики говорят на разных языках и не понимают друг друга. Весьма возможно, что вообще здесь нет единой проблемы и слово система в устах, скажем, астронома (Солнечная система), химика (периодическая система элементов), математика (система уравнений), агронома (система мероприятий по борьбе с вредителями растений), физиолога (кровеносная система) и биолога-систематика (система животных и растений) является чистым омонимом, подобно слову «класс» в выражениях «классовая борьба» и «классы на пассажирских пароходах». Я склонен думать, что это неверно, и широкий фронт интереса к вопросам о системности имеет общие корни логического, гносеологического и онтологического характера.

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13. Проблема поэтического сюжета

Author(s): Yuri M. Lotman / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/1964

Может показаться, что в книге о стихе рассмотрение вопросов поэтического сюжета преждевременно. Вопрос этот, на первый взгляд, уместно было бы исследовать в разделе, посвященном общим проблемам стиля и композиции. Но мы и не будем: рассматривать те стороны сюжетологии, которые одинаковы и для стихов, и для прозы. Мы хотим лишь обратить внимание: на то, что проблема сюжета и композиции стихотворного текста имеет ряд своеобразных черт.

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On the Oldest Witnesses of the Second Recension of the Florilegium Coislinianum: Par. gr. 924 model of Athen., EBE 464 (with an appendix on the Athon., Laura K 113)

Author(s): José Maksimczuk,Tomás Fernandéz / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2019

In the present article the authors probe into the second recension of the so-called Florilegium Coislinianum (9th–10th c.). In the main section of the paper, they discuss the relationship between the two oldest witnesses of that recension, i.e. the Parisinus gr. 924 and the Atheniensis, EBE 464, both of them from the 10th c. In doing so, they adduce textual and palaeographical evidence to demonstrate that the Atheniensis is an apograph of the Parisinus. In the appendix that follows the article, the authors study a new witness of the Florilegium Coislinianum’s second recension, namely, the Athonensis, Laura K 113 (16th c.).

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A Church Slavonic adaptation of the calendar in stichera by Christopher of Mitylene

Author(s): Catherine Mary MacRobert / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2019

This article analyses a Church Slavonic translation of the stichera by Christopher of Mitylene which is preserved in a form adapted for liturgical use in two East Slavonic manuscripts, one of the early fi fteenth century, MS 15231 in the archive of the regional history museum in Jaroslavl′, the other of the later sixteenth century, MS 90 in the library of St John’s College, Oxford. On the basis of its liturgical, calendrical and linguistic peculiarities it is argued that the version in the Jaroslavl′ and Oxford manuscripts is distinct from and possibly earlier than the translation hitherto known from South Slavonic sources.

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Von vergesslichen Autoren und verwirrten Lesern. Zur Bedeutung der Textrekonstruktion für die Interpretation der Kniga palomnik des Antonij von Novgorod

Author(s): Anna Jouravel / Language(s): German Issue: 1-2/2019

The examination of the Kniga Palomnik, a pilgrim report written in 1200 by the Russian pilgrim Dobrynja Jadrejkovič, led to the conviction that the author’s reputedly confusing account might be read as a largely consistent description of Constantinople’s sanctuaries when taking into consideration the entire manuscript tradition and the structure of the text. However, there is one topographically disordered sequence which cannot be properly explained by the established interpretation of the text structure. The present article provides another explanation for the confusion of travelling routes in this passage by reconstructing the text order in the archetype manuscript.

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Üstkurmaca Olarak İlhan Tarus’un “Bir Adamın On Senelik Hayatı” Öyküsü

Author(s): Hasan SAKIN / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 19/2022

Metafiction is the main fiction trend of postmodern literature. Although the boundaries of the concept are drawn in the context of postmodernism, metafiction has a long history in terms of both theory and practice. Metafiction differs with some basic signs such as the destruction of the illusion of reality, addressing the reader, and an interest in the problems of the writing process. The destruction of literature's interest in internal and external reality and the subject of the writing process are the distinctive features of metafiction. İlhan Tarus' story titled "Bir Adamın On Senelik Hayatı" is also an example of metafiction. There are some differences between postmodernist metafiction and metafiction from other periods In this article, it has been focused on which features of metafiction the story reflects and the author's comment on fictional problems. The relations between this interpretation and the author's general understanding of art were also examined.

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أثر الشهرة في صحة نسبة الكتب إلى مصنِّفيها (دراسة حديثية تطبيقية)

Author(s): Saeed AL-MARRI / Language(s): Arabic Issue: 1/2022

The study has dealt with the theoretical context of the meaning of fame in language and term; also has shown that fame requires authenticity regardless of whether it is a word, narration or a classified work. On the other hand, it has examined that those, except for those who are examined with evidence, who are not famous among them will not be judged to be authentic or not. Later, it has pointed out the effect of fame on the correction of the narrations and emphasized that fame is an important factor about the accuracy of the books in relation to their authors; and also sought an answer to the following question: Is fame the only factor in this or not? Thus, the problematic and some objectives of the study have been fulfilled, and the signs of the book’s finding of fame with the related author and the reasons that require this fame has been expressed. Among the indicators of the book’s fame from its author, arguments such as the narration from a group, the author’s clear statement that the book belongs to him, and the attribution of the book to him by his immediate surroundings in his own time have been mentioned.

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A nyomozó macskája és más lehetetlenségek

Author(s): Ágnes Kata Miklós / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 07/2022

The article analyses the compatibility of cats with crime fiction by finding answers to the following questions: Why are cats in crime fiction stories? What are they doing there? Who do they belong to? Do cats have a real role in novels/movies? Are there detectives with cats, in the same sense that there are detectives accompanied by dogs? And if so, what are they like? By browsing through an impressive amount of crime fiction stories, the author identifies cats as pieces of evidence, as attributes of detective figures, and also as anomalies of crime fiction.

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(ПО)ТРАГИТЕ НА МИНАТОТО

Author(s): Marija Gjorgjieva Dimova / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 79/2022

The aim of this paper is to analyze the conventions of biographic metafiction, as a dominant genre in contemporary fiction, in the novel The Man in the Red Coat by British author Julian Barnes. Starting from the theoretical models of biographic metafiction (John Keener, Elisabeth Wesseling), our interpretation of the novel will be conducted on two levels: 1. the metafictional topics and techniques in the novel that illustrate the relations between literature and history, art and life, fact and fiction; 2. the metatextual levels in the novel: autoreferential and metatextual comments on other texts, on literary tradition and on the genre conventions.

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