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Rethinking the Communication with the Unions Members in the New Context

Author(s): Vasile Hodorogea,Tulia Maria Căşvean / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Additional to the three main trends influencing social dialogue at the organizational level - de-centralization, up-scaling, de-institutionalization and representation – the COVID-19 pandemic rules brought a new influence that impacts the Unions, forcing it to adapt its internal communication. This paper is centred upon the way the Unions members in Romania get access to information in the new labour landscape, characterized by the work from home and physical distancing. The research focuses on a collective case-study of three strong Union Federations that developed internal communication with unions’ members that fits the pandemic context. The research focuses on the internal communication repertoire elements used by the Unions. The research method assesses the qualitative information gathered by interviewing key Unions representatives. The main areas of interest are the key topics addressed in the communication with the members, the tools and media mix used, the frequency of the formal communication with the trade unions members, the accountable and the responsible persons with the internal communication, and the management of the feedback from the members, all in the context of what is different vs. 2019. The conclusions are enriched with some recommendations for future development of communication with union members, supporting the social dialog.

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Teachers' Perception of the Phenomenon of Cyberbullying During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Author(s): Elena Zavoianu,Ion Ovidiu Pânișoară / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Cyberbullying is a negative social phenomenon that takes place online. It consists of harassing technology users through various means and various platforms. Frequent exposure to this phenomenon can cause emotional, mental and social problems for victims, witnesses and aggressors.In the current pandemic context, when education has shifted to the online environment, and students spend a significant amount of time using different devices and online platforms, the number of cyberbullying cases is constantly increasing. There is currently little research describing how this phenomenon influenced online aggression.In preventing and eliminating this phenomenon, teachers play an important role, due to the time they spend with students and the impact they can have on them.In order to identify teachers' perceptions of this phenomenon during the pandemic and how they manage it in the classroom, we conducted a qualitative research on 10 teachers from primary and secondary schools. The results of the research were interesting and offered a new perspective on this phenomenon during Covid-19 crisis.

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The Importance of Information Technology in the Activity and Professional Development of Teachers

Author(s): Delia Mioara Popescu,Anca-Elena Aviana (Bojan),Liviu Halip / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The use of information technology in the activity and professional development by the teachers represents an extinguished necessity of the current stage. The new technologies come to the aid of the teacher, in the exercise of his profession. Using them makes the teacher's work more efficient, it helps him save time and space in making the necessary documents for carrying out, in good conditions, the activity. The development of information technologies has boosted the professional training of teachers for the use of TIC tools. Traditional teaching methods are not replaced by technology, but this can improve both the course material and the relationship between students and the teacher. Educational institutions must take advantage of the opportunities offered by technology and create programs, special software to offer the student an interactive, rich and varied learning experience. Technology is everywhere around us, and this must determine us, those responsible for the educational act in schools, to change the way students assimilate information during class hours.

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Analiza wyboru kanałów dystrybucji ubezpieczeń wśród gospodarstw domowych

Author(s): Agnieszka Samsel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is to examine which distribution channels are most often used by households. Moreover, the opinions of households on the future functioning of insurers are verified, as well as the validity of the existence of insurance. The main hypothesis was that young people prefer remote contact with an insurance company. For the purposes of the study, 245 people were surveyed using a questionnaire (CAWI method). The research results are presented graphically in charts. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also performed. This analysis showed that there is statistical significance in a pair of variables: gender and the possibility of eliminating personal contact with the insurer, and in a pair of variables – gender and the need to insure.

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DeFi na rynku ubezpieczeniowym

Author(s): Robert Kurek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The acceleration and intensification of digitization processes, i.e. the growing use of digital technologies and the reliance of a large part of the economy on the Internet, has begun to change the emphasis on the role and importance of traditional architecture in the financial market, including the financial intermediation market. DeFi, or “decentralized finance”, is a part of the main trend of these changes and they have also found their place on the insurance market. On the one hand, their presence may significantly change the shape of the insurance market due to the fact that the idea of DeFi indirectly means building services and products separate from the traditional financial system. DeFi insurance and alternative risk coverage have the potential to successfully fill the insurance coverage gap for crypto-assets and limit the risk exposure that accompanies entities active in a decentralized economy.

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INTRODUCTION

Author(s): Katherine Nichols,Sanda Svetoka / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Given its rapid economic growth and expanded geopolitical ambitions, China’s influence projection has grown globally. The World Economic Forum projected that China may overtake the U.S. as the world’s largest economy by 2024. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), aimed at optimising and expanding China’s economic cooperation with the Eurasian continent, makes Europe a prime destination for Chinese investment. Countries in Europe have largely treated economic cooperation with China as an opportunity, and the Nordic-Baltic region (NB8) has not been an exception to this trend. However, several European countries have grown apprehensive regarding China’s intents, as economic cooperation has become a backdrop to undesirable political influence via bilateral and multilateral fora. At the same time, buoyed by pride from its rapid economic growth, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has become more assertive in defending its national interests, including in the South China Sea region and in response to Western critics of China’s expansionist foreign policy, undemocratic practices and human rights violations. In reaction to these developments, a growing number of European countries have started to look at China’s activities as a challenge or threat to national security. This shift has also become increasingly visible among the countries of the Nordic-Baltic region.

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CHINA’S INFLUENCE IN THE LATVIAN INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Una Aleksandra Bērziņa-Čerenkova,Egle Klekere / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Different opinions have been expressed regarding the avenues and scope of influence of the People’s Republic of China in the Nordic-Baltic region. This study approaches the research topic by examining the Latvian information environment. There are several reasons behind the choice of Latvia for analysis. First, it is the country with the most populous city in the Baltics – Riga, which serves as a transport, political, cultural and financial hub. Second, with reference to the previous point, the overseas representations of various PRC institutions, including the government, state media (e.g. Xinhua), and public diplomacy (e.g. China Cultural Centre), have chosen Riga, the capital of Latvia, as the headquarters of their Baltic network. Third, during the period from 2012 to 2016, the early days of China’s engagement with the region, Latvia invested significant political capital into the idea of pragmatic cooperation with China, most notably in the transit sector, export, and FDI attraction. It is the only Baltic country to have hosted a ‘16+1’ Summit (the 5th Summit of China and Central and Eastern European Countries, 2016).

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CHINA’S INFLUENCE IN THE SWEDISH INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Viking Bohman / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Sweden provides one of the most striking examples of the Chinese government’s ‘wolf warrior diplomacy’. Between 2018 and 2021, the Chinese Embassy in Stockholm was engaged in an intense campaign of public criticism and threats against media outlets, journalists, human rights activists, scholars, politicians and authorities. The campaign targeted media reporting and policy decisions described as biased against China. Meanwhile, Sino-Swedish relations deteriorated, Swedish media reporting became more critical, and Swedish public opinion on China plummeted. Points of contention include China’s treatment of Gui Minhai, a Swedish citizen imprisoned in China, and more recently, the decision to exclude the Chinese companies Huawei and ZTE from some parts of Swedish 5G telecommunications networks.

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DEPENDENȚA DIGITALĂ: PATOLOGIE, REMEDII PSIHOLOGICE ȘI DUHOVNICEȘTI

Author(s): Vasile Crețu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The digital addiction is already acknowledged by the medical specialists as a mental disorder, because it involves a pathological use of the computer or of any other type of technology, characterized by the urgent need to engage in online activities to the obvious detriment of daily and real life (school, family, friendships, etc.). This type of attitude is also dealing to other behavioural disorders. Some psychologists are comparing the states (involving changes in brain maps) caused by digital addiction to those of "classic" (somatic) addictions. Thus, a similarity was identified between the abuse of psychotropic and hallucinogenic substances, which chemically alter the human brain, and the abuse of the virtual space, which psychologically affects the human being as a whole. This is clearly a phenomenon, specific to post-modernity, unprecedented in its scale in history.

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HOW TO GAMIFY THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM TO SUPPORT ROMANIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING?

Author(s): Mahmoud Fawzi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As innovative and effective approaches, gamification and flipped classroom have been widely applied in foreign languages teaching and learning, but little studies were conducted about gamification applying in flipped classrooms to assist the learning of Romanian language. To fill this gap, it was necessary to search for effective ways to find innovative solutions. Implementation of gamification in flipped classrooms can increase students' motivation towards in-class activities and towards Romanian language learning. The purpose of this article is to provide a practical and theoretical framework for integrating gamification in flipped Romanian language courses and use mobile applications such as (Kahoot! and Quizizz) for in-class activities, which can help in supporting with Romanian language learning by concentrating on various perspectives to apply the flipped classroom, in-class activities, gamification, and mobile applications in the educational context.

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The Earthquake Impact on Tourism Industry: The Kos Case

Author(s): Laura Joana PAPANIKOLOPOULOU ARCO / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Earthquakes, like other natural disasters, affect the development of the area, the environment, the economy, society and tourism. The objective of this study is to know the impact of earthquakes on tourism. Specifically, the impact of the 2017 earthquake that hit the island of Kos in Greece, affecting local tourism, is studied. The island of Kos is very touristy and the earthquake occurred in July at the height of the tourist season. The main source of income for citizens in this area is based on tourism. During this event, citizens, in their social network accounts, show their concern for the future of tourism in the area. The methodology used is based on the observation of the publications of local users on Twitter and articles in the digital and printed press that address this issue. Data mining from two different sources is performed to understand the general perspective of the media and the vision of citizens. The results show the concern of the natives towards the tourist impact and the attempt to protect and care for the tourists who are in the area during the earthquake.

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Inteligența artificială și dreptul la viața privată

Author(s): Daniela Ghituleasa (Duță) / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This study aims to present, from a legal perspective, how different technologies and the use of artificial intelligence systems may affect the right to privacy or may change the way an individual chooses to perform certain tasks. The research focuses on the legal framework of the right to privacy, proposals, new regulations and legislative changes that apply to the use of artificial intelligence systems globally.Secondly, it proposes to analyze the possibility that the AI impact assessment on the right to privacy, the guarantees provided and a well-defined legal framework can reduce the negative effects of the use of artificial intelligence systems.Can technology, mass digitization and the functioning of artificial intelligence lead to violations of rights and freedoms, especially the right to privacy? On 21st of April 2021, the European Union published a proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down harmonized rules on artificial intelligence and amending certain Union legislation (Artificial Intelligence Regulation) ensure that artificial intelligence systems placed on the EU market are secure and comply with existing legislation on fundamental rights and security requirements for artificial intelligence systems.

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Excurs în politicile de securitate pe linia prevenirii terorismului în mediul online

Author(s): Cristian Popa,Romeo-Ioan Gârz / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Considering a legal analysis of the national and European provisions on the security policies that states apply to the prevention of online terrorism, it can be concluded that terrorism continues to pose major potential threats to national security. At the national and community level, there has been a systematic concern about identifying and regulating appropriate measures to manage the manifestations of terrorist organizations in the online environment. We point out that, since the 2000s, most terrorist entities have been and are present in the online environment in various forms of manifestation and promotion of their action objectives, and the internet and social networks are for them an easy and ideal platform for propaganda clandestine actions. The purpose of this propaganda is: (1) to expose ideas, concepts and attitudes that define the terrorist ideology, the justification of the cause and the popularization/promotion of the terrorist organization; (2) to recruit new followers and radicalize them along the lines of the terrorist entity; (3) to raise financial funds; (4) to mobilize followers to commit acts of terrorism. The main national and European regulations on the prevention of online terrorism are Law no. 535/2004 on preventing and combating terrorism, Directive (EU) 2017/541 of the European Parliament and of the Council of Europe of 15 March 2017 on combating terrorism and replacing Council Framework Decision 2002/475/JHA and amending Decision 2005/671/JHA of the Council and Regulations (EU) 2021/784 of the European Parliament and the Council of 29 April 2021 on the prevention of the dissemination of online terrorist content. Directive 541/2017 and in its application the Law 535/2004 lays down the online removal of terrorist content which constitutes a public incitement to commit a terrorist offense, and where this is not feasible, mechanisms with effective means of combating terrorism on the internet may be put in place to block access to such terrorist content on the territory of the Union. Also, according to Regulation 2021/782, the presence of online terrorist content has proven to be crucial in promoting the radicalization of people and can lead to and cause/instigate the commission of terrorist acts and therefore has serious negative consequences that are difficult to be quantified by users, citizens, and society in general, as well as by online service providers that host such content, as it undermines user confidence and harms their business models.

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Polski Ład z perspektywy wsparcia innowacji

Author(s): Maciej Cieślukowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Purpose: To present the construction of tax reliefs for innovations in companies and attempt to generally assess their effectiveness against the background of the degree of use of similar solutions in other countries. Design/methodology/approach: The study is of a literature and empirical character. The research consists of five stages. The first stage describes the degree of innovation in economies in the world. The second stage presents the system of public suport of innovation in OECD countries (direct subsidies and tax reliefs). In the third part the conception of a tax relief and its role in the public policy is explained. The next two parts present constraction of new tax reliefs in income taxes in Poland. Summary includes a general assessment of new tax instruments. Findings: The degree of innovation in economies varies, but the leading countries have been fairly stable for many years. They dominate, among others Western European countries, the United States, South Korea. OECD countries support the development of innovation with subsidies and tax allowances, mainly reliefs for R&D activity. The main beneficiaries of the support are SME. The share of the granted allowances in GDP is growing dynamically. This proves that tax reliefs are an important tool for stimulating innovative activity, mainly in smaller enterprises. The use of the concessions varies across individual countries, and this instrument is successfully used by both better and less developed countries. However, taking into account the size of the granted allowances in GDP, in 2019 selected countries of Western Europe, along with Canada and South Korea,dominated. Unfortunately, Poland fares very poorly compared to the EU countries and even the countries of Central and Eastern Europe in terms of the degree of innovation in the economy, as well as in terms of public support for innovation. The structure and rules of new tax reliefs are rather simple and transparent, and thus should not be a problem for entrepreneurs from a formal point of view. Consequently, the mere fact that the allowances in question were introduced into the tax system must be regarded as appropriate. On the other hand, another issue is the actual degree of interest and use of the reliefs by the entrepreneurs themselves. Reliefs usually consist in deducting the relevant expenses from the income from economic activity, so the real condition is first to achieve a sufficiently high income. In this context, non-returnable subsidies seem to be a more attractive solution than allowances for smaller entrepreneurs. So far, the interest of entrepreneurs in investment tax reliefs in Poland has been quite weak.

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Четвъртата индустриална революция и Образование 4.0 в COVID времена

Author(s): Kaloyan Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Global technological advances continue to bring about major changes. The present study aims to address important aspects for the application of Education 4.0 for the fourth industrial revolution, immediately following the COVID-19 pandemic. The research work focuses in particular on modern technologies for education and training, responding to the challenges and opportunities of business in the conditions of Industry 4.0. Research methods and techniques based on desk research and data from secondary sources, including strategic document analysis and content analysis, were used. The findings indicate that investments in the development of environmental infrastructure and human, technical and financial capacity must be strengthened to reach an adequate participation of Education 4.0 in the post-Covid Industry 4.0.

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O VIZIUNE ASUPRA REPOZITORIULUI INSTITUŢIONAL ORA USARB ŞI BIBLIOTECA DIGITALĂ

Author(s): Valentina Topalo / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This paper presents the conclusions of the study on the impact of ORA USARB Institutional Repository and the Digital Library at Alecu Russo Balti State University. The study was conducted on the basis of the Questionnaire which contained eleven questions as a method of collecting research data and analyzed through Google Docs. The respondents represented 4 faculties:Faculty of Philology, Faculty of Exact, Economic and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Psychology and Arts, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences.The study revealed the satisfactory use of USARB's own open resource resources: Open Recearsh Archive (ORA USARB) and the Digital Library by the university community and beyond, the integration and recognition of the Institutional Repository in the global information structure. Also note worthy are the efforts of the USARB Scientific Library Virtualization Services Group and the Center for Cultural Events to promote information seminars, Information Literacy courses, educational events to demonstrate the advantage and increase open access.

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The artificial intelligence in the intelligence analysis

Author(s): Iliyan Iliyanov Iliev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report examines and presents the role of artificial intelligence and human factors in the analysis of intelligence acquired for use by intelligence services. The report begins with an introduction that introduces the reader to what intelligence analysis is and why this stage of intelligence work is most important. It then examines the benefits and threats associated with AI and intelligence analysis.

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Integral assessment of the impact of the military sector on the development of the national economy of the countries of the Black Sea and Baltic regions

Author(s): Kaspar Kikste,Antonina Djakona / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Military alliances are an important part of the development of political alliances in the modern world, which is primarily caused by the presence of open military conflicts in Europe. The impossibility of solving problems only by political means, their settlement by using the tools of international organizations, causes the need for the formation of new mechanisms and tools for conflict resolution. The article examines the possibilities of forming military alliances and their economic efficiency, which is especially relevant for countries that can be considered as objects of conflict in modern conditions.

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Кръговата икономика и нейната роля за обезпечаване на енергийната сигурност на България

Author(s): Ivelina Dimitrova Dimitrova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In order to demonstrate how circular economy could contribute to the energy security in Bulgaria, it is important to analyse and explain the model of the circular economy itself. It is also of utmost importance to investigate how this model is planned to be applied in Bulgaria and what are and would be in future its benefits for the energy field. Considered that this is a new economic model, different from the linear economy, which is still diffused all over the world, a definition of circular economy will be offered in the present article. Also, the term energy security and its definition on global and national level will be analysed in details. Once the scientific terms are explained, the interdependency between these concepts will be outlined and analysed with the purpose of demonstrating the positive contribution that circular economy could have for ensuring the energy security in Bulgaria.

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Управление на човешките ресурси в сферата на сигурността – предизвикателства в общество, насочено към иновации и устойчиво развитие

Author(s): Emil Stoilkov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

„Human resources“ is the most important „asset“ that an organization can possess. Effective human resource management is based on the understanding that people are a key factor in any organization's competitive advantage. Building relationships based on values such as honesty, justice, and trust, is an element of the new management culture of the administration, aimed at the individual, the teamwork, and the performance of the tasks. It requires leaders who have high morals, values, and behaviors that match the stated values of the administration, who understand the significant impact of improving the management, and who work to improve the human resource system to achieve better results. For organizations to survive and prosper in a dynamically changing environment, they must rely on their employees – their skills and abilities, as well as their efforts and willingness to put their energy into the workplace. If organizations are unable to motivate their employees, make them engaged, make them feel part of a larger whole and give meaning to their work lives, they are doomed to failure. The ability to motivate people and guide their work behavior in accordance with the organization's goals and aims is a key to the success and prosperity of any organization, both in the private and public sectors. That is why for a force organization such as the Chief Directorate „Security“ of the Ministry of Justice, which needs highly qualified, reliable, and dedicated employees, it is of particular importance and significance to apply motivational techniques and develop suitable motivational methods for its composition. To be effective, they should not be copied by other organizations from the public sphere, but it is necessary methods of motivation, oriented specifically to the needs of the employees of the directorate to be developed and adapted to its resources. They must be introduced and conducted systematically according to a plan to prevent resource wastage or staff overload. The topics related to human resource management in the „Security“ sector are poorly developed in the literature in Bulgaria and there is to be seen a scientific vacuum in the direction of good practices. In today's rapidly changing, dynamic environment, 20th century approaches are no longer effective, efficient, and economically justifiable. This issue is subject to in-depth study, research, and the proposal of new modern approaches to human resource management, so that they are not only at the center of theoretical debates, but also in the practice of managers of the structures from the Security sector.

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