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The emerging smart cities framework and the core of next-generation information technology innovations serve as the landscape of near-future management of city development and e-Government systems guided by policies and strategies. Data science, or big data is an essential area for governments as data is collected in various forms of e-commerce, traffic, security, energy, and geographical aspects as well as data sharing from private sector data. This paper is aimed at evaluating the extent of development of smart cities in selected countries in Asia and the adoption of resources, connectivity, and business coordinations in promoting technology and deployment of innovation for public administration. Meta literature and case studies are employed in this paper, focusing on the publications from year 2000 onward to capture the latest development in smart cities and digitalization. The findings contribute to research agenda and practical implications thus far in advancing our understandings of smart cities and digitalization transformation in the pursuit of smart city development in and around Asia as this is yet to be reviewed. Consequently, this paper paves the way towards a better understanding of the extent of smart city initiatives and development in and around Asia. This study is supported by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS), Project ID: 18252, FRGS/1/2020/TK02/UM/01/1.
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The paper focuses on analyzing the key aspects digital marketing, outdoor advertising and smart cities. It studies the foundations traditional marketing - the establishment of its theoretical framework and its development throughout the years. The articles aims at finding out what is the crossing point between digital outdoor advertising, urban areas and smart cities residents. It puts main focus on the promotional part of the mix and analyzes the new approaches in terms of using online channels. Through content analysis the main aspects of digital marketing, smart cities and outdoor advertising are being studied – the development of the definition of marketing; what digital is; the difference between digital and online; what the new opportunities before marketers in using online channels are, as part of the digital ones. The paper suggests an additional component of smart cities – interactivity. It sets examples from outdoor traditional advertising and digital advertising that is placed on cities’ billboards, buildings and public transport with main focus on interactivity. The articles is to be of interest to academicians, practitioners and students in the sphere of marketing, advertising, sales promotion and communication.
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This paper examined the factors that influenced the Gross Domestic Product growth (GDP) in the post-Covid-19 period in Kosovo. This paper explored the impact of consumption, remittances, exports, imports, and inflation on Kosovo's GDP growth using fixed effects regression analysis with data from various secondary sources to analyze their impact from Kosovo's perspective. The results demonstrated that consumption, remittances, and exports had a statistically significant influence on GDP growth during the post-pandemic economic lockdown stage, whereby imports and inflation had a little inverse relation. Further, the Hausman test statistics on the adequacy of the fixed-effect model selection represent a superior performance compared to the random effect model. The paper is the first that extensively explores the impact of these factors that drove GDP growth in the post-pandemic period in Kosovo's economy. The novelty of this paper is that it recognizes the response of governments to the pandemic and accurately identifies the macroeconomic factors that influenced GDP growth.
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The article examines the problems related to the academic education and scientific research in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the new public reality. The authors analyze applicable sources in the sphere of higher education on national and European level regulating the academic globalization and the synergy of the scientific research, as well as the guidelines for multidisciplinary of academic work in the context of the ideas for a new type system of scientific research orientation. Based on the research actual questions are put on the field of the scientific debates, as well as summaries and conclusions are formulated with a view of updating the legal framework.
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The article discusses the idea of competency-based education (CBE), which is increasingly used to improve training for the modern knowledge-based economy. A general description of such training has been made, in the center of which is the learner. The ideas for ADDIE were used – a training model that meets the objectives of the UNCCD. The article focuses on self-assessment as one of the characteristic forms of CBE assessment. The results of the self-assessment of students participating in the training in the profession “Applied Programmer” are presented. The study involved students studying under the National Program “IT Career Training” (NPITC), with which the CBE was conducted and a group of students in which traditional training in the profession was conducted. The prepared self-assessment questionnaire includes questions related to the development of basic and specific competencies. The questions on specific competencies are based on the competency models used in the IT sector. The results of the survey show that students who participated in the CBE have a higher self-esteem than student strained in the traditional approach. It is necessary to conclude that the CBE is suitable for use in modern education, despite the need for serious preparation before its implementation.
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Financial security is considered a subsystem of the economic security system. The financial security of the Republic of Armenia is one of the most urgent issues of study and analysis. Covid-19 and the 2020 war in Armenia harmed all sectors of the Armenian economy, especially economic and financial security. At this moment, the research of the chosen topic becomes more than necessary and urgent. In the current post-crisis period, financial security is more than possible in Armenia. In this article, we tried to define and analyze the elements affecting the security of the Armenian financial system and evaluate the current effectiveness of financial security. For that purpose, we have formulated the following research questions: How are countries’ financial security assessed? What elements ensure financial security in Armenia? Is the current system of financial security effective in Armenia? The applied methodologies are quantitative and qualitative. In particular, we used index analysis, graphical analysis, comparison, and expert evaluation analysis to answer the research questions. The analysis results showed that the change of isolated factors significantly impacts indicators of the country’s economy, particularly the financial system; moreover, the factors indirectly impact the country's social, political, and public life.
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This study explores how sectarian language prevalent on Arabic media shapes common Arab people's perceptions of sects such as Sunni, Shiites, and others. A sample of Arabic sectarian expressions was collected from social media, print media and TV channels. A sample of students and faculty was surveyed. Sectarian language was analysed according to the components of perception (perceiver, target, and situation), the factors that affect each, and the social amplification and attenuation risk framework. Sectarian language used by students, faculty and Arab media is characterized by contempt, hostility, hatred, and intolerance of the sect(s) they disapprove of as they constitute political and ideological threats. Many Sunnis are afraid of the Shiite tide and Shiite Crescent. Hezbollah, Houthis, and Muslim Brothers are considered “terrorists” and “militias”.
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In the article, it is argued that in order to rejuvenate critical theory we need to revive the critique of technology first and, by the same token, redefine the very concept of critique in the context of the digital reality, with an account of how digital devices impact our ability to think in general. The function and meaning of critique under new circumstances (conceptualized as technostress) is discussed in a dialogue with three thinkers: Immanuel Kant, Michel Foucault, and Bernard Stiegler. It also suggests how Bernard Stiegler’s philosophical critique can be fruitfully these combined with social theory developed by Hartmut Rosa.
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When socio-economic crises last a long time, it is a consequence of decline in the first place in society and in parallel with this – decline in economy. “Decline”, for the purpose of the study, will mean permanently fragmented society, parallel to long-term problems in the economy. “Western world”, for the purposes of this study will include Europe, The United Kingdom, and The United States. Decline in addition to social chaos also includes economic impasse (deadlock), caused by absence of significant economic growth for years; obsolete equipment and technologies; indebtedness of the countries of the West; inflation; negative population growth; frequent change of goals and priorities, and others. The “Decline” brings to the fore in the public life of the Western world aggressive and non-dialogical representatives of various social groups who do not possess any of the traditional values and culture of Western society, nor the obligatory high level of fundamental education, nor the professional abilities to distinguish the important from the unimportant. In addition to not representing the majority of society and thus continuing to create disunity, Western leaders and leadership teams do not set long-term goals in economy or for the society, limited by the mandate of governance in the Western democracies. Science and education of the society are not developed in parallel with economic specialization in specifically prioritized industries. Status quo does not allow solving the accumulated problems in society, much less ensuring socio-economic development.
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The paper discusses the academic entrepreneurship and its public(institutions) and private (personal) forms. We argue that academic entrepreneurship should involve activities and organizational structures, which are not targeting profit. Then - about the unsuitability of Decree N 61 of May 2, 200 on the terms and conditions for the creation of commercial companies by public higher education institutions for the purposes of the economic realization.
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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have succeeded in being the main and dynamic pillar of national and international economies. Education and work experience is essential in increasing SMEs’ efficiency and competitiveness. The changing business environment has created fierce competitiveness among SMEs, requiring active interaction between managers/owners and stakeholders. As a result, this study aims to explore the influence of education, experience, using a business plan, and barriers on the success of small and medium-sized businesses. This research employed an online questionnaire for scientific research. Through ordered logistic modeling, we observed 336 answers from businesses using the qualitative approach. The study’s findings reveal that education and work experience have a statistically favorable influence on the performance of SMEs, whereas barriers have a substantial adverse influence. Findings on barriers are noteworthy in the context of this study since the governing institutions throughout the pandemic and later situations experimented with the measures adopted. The study also benefits SMEs and legislation authorities in understanding the critical concerns that are perceived as barriers to the growth and expansion of SMEs, resulting in the creation of even more sophisticated infrastructures to support sustainable development.
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The article examines issues related to the training in the specialty of “Judicial Administration” for the acquisition of the profession of judicial officer. On the one hand, the authors analyze in retrospect the emergence of the need to train judicial administration employees, the introduction of the profession and the creation of the specialty “Judicial Administration” in the Bachelor's degree in higher education. On the other hand, in connection with the identification of the current trends concerning the educational needs of the judicial administration, related to the acquisition of digital knowledge, skills and competences, anonymous surveys were conducted with judicial officers from the structure of the courts in the city of Varna and students from the Judicial Administration specialty studying at the University of Economics – Varna. For this purpose, questionnaires with questions were constructed and the data obtained were summarized and analyzed. On the basis of the research, topical issues concerning the need for modern approaches to training, corresponding to the digitalization of social relations, including the judicial system, are put on the field of scientific debate. It formulates summaries and conclusions with a view to updating the training documentation and linking it to the needs of practice.
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The period of social distancing and the transfer of social and private activities to the digital environment can be a formative experience that, in the medium term, can lead to the development of an ethical, educational, legal, and administrative system in which digital citizenship is a basic component of interactions between individuals. The article develops the prerequisites for the real digitization of public space, which involves the use of electronic means so that social relations in the virtual environment are offered solutions for regulating and responding to developments in the digital domain through coherent and functional anticipation.The security of the digital environment and the complex risks and threats to cybersecurity implicitly impact national, European, and international public space.
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Although the literature on digital violence is largely dominated by studies focusing on the pre-adolescent or adolescent population, young adults are a vulnerable category as well, due to a high prevalence of Internet use. The goal of this research was to examine the extent to which young adults in Serbia report committing or being exposed to different types of cyber harassment and to identify possible differences in gender and the level of attended education (secondary school or university). The research was conducted on 312 participants (32.69% male and 67.31% female), from 18 to 25 years (mean age = 19.23). The sample included high school seniors (33.33%) and university students (66.67%). Obtained results reveal that the most represented forms of cyber harassment are online stalking (52.56%), ignoring/excluding someone from groups on social networks (27.88%), harassment by phone calls (24.68%), and the use of false/someone else’s identity or creating profiles in someone else’s name (22.76%). We conclude that one of the main priorities in the digital era is to create a secure online environment not only for children and adolescents but also for young adults, as they too are frequently exposed to digital violence.
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The starting point for this particular research is to uncover the relationship between the establishment of the regulatory framework, the implementation of various European digitisation development programmes and other types of enabling environment (financial instruments and programmes) with the demonstrated performance of business and science in the form of registered patents in the field of AI. The scope of the study is limited to the specific legal documents in the field of artificial intelligence, the financial mechanisms that Europe applies to stimulate research in this field, as well as to the applications filed and patents granted for technologies in the field of artificial intelligence, namely: machine understanding technologies. The study’s main results show that technology companies follow their own technology policies to meet market demands and trends, and support mechanisms (in the form of policies, programmes, and financial incentives) are more the result of technological developments than the other way around.
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Tourism policy exists to provide tourists and the community with certainty about tourism development, maximizing benefits for stakeholders while minimizing adverse effects, costs, and other impacts. Many cities worldwide rely on tourism for local revenue, so the city government must consider a tourism development concept that preserves natural, social, and cultural resources for future generations. Sustainable tourism is developing quickly and favorably for the local population and the environment. In the foundation of effective touristic management lies the effective management of human resources in the tourist industry. This study analyzes the specifics and finds an effective way to manage human resources in the tourism industry. Our study is divided into the following sections: Section1 – Introduction, Section 2 – The Specifics of Tourism Industry, Section 3 – Motivation of Human Resources in Tourism Industry, and Section 4-Conclusion.
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In the paper we propose to analyze both from the point of view of the legal provisions in force, but also from the educational point of view, the cognitive situation of children in the face of exposure to applications such as those with a wide audience dedicated to socialization. Among the social interaction tools widely used by young people and children, we have chosen the TikTok application, as an illustration of the ways of legal and educational regulation with the aim of protecting the cognitive integrity of children. In the absence of effective legal actions and educational interventions by the decision-makers regarding children's development, in our opinion, the cognitive autonomy of children is seriously affected. At the same time, we present sufficient legal and educational ways to preserve the academic well-being of children.
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What is the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare public relations? How is it reshaping the world of health PR? Is AI a threat to healthcare PR or becoming their indispensable assistant? The purpose of the scientific report is to answer these and other questions regarding the application of artificial intelligence in health public communications. The methods used for the purpose of this report are the analysis and synthesis of data from bibliographic sources, as well as the analysis of the results of conducting a scientific experiment in a digital environment with artificial intelligence of the latest generation. Results. The role of AI in health PR is increasingly tangible and fully imposed in the system of international health care – the chatbot of the WHO in the Viber communication platform is a universal bridge between the Organization and its audiences and provides multi-layered opportunities for awareness on all possible health issues. An identical result is also on Facebook‘s Messenger platform. AI is gradually changing the business environment in every field, including healthcare. AI in the face of ChatGPT is becoming both an assistant to health PRs and a major rival. Discussion. Recent breakthroughs in AI technologies could significantly and permanently transform health PR and how it is implemented. The PR profession is not a disappearing species, as it is associated with a deep thought process, creativity, contacts, and connections with „living” people. These activities are so far beyond the reach of artificial intelligence, yet the best professionals will stand out and remain. The results of the scientific experiment set a direction for striving for anincreasingly accurate representation of health PR specialists in their professional field. Conclusion. ChatGPT can compose relevant texts, slogans, even messages that are highly effective when applied in the practice of health PR. In the foreseeable future, this technological innovation will be further refined. Chatbots as part of the idea of communication through AI is an area where the role of PRs is to carefully consider each message and the logical connection between the messages. The following recommendations emerge for future research on the topic: to monitor the technological progress of AI and to find new niches in health PR activities in which AI finds application.
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