CEEOL - Browse Subjects Result

We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Zróżnicowanie rozwoju społeczeństwa informacyjnego w woj. podkarpackim

Author(s): Mieczysław Król,Colin F. Hales,Maria Sarama / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2014

The authors present a typology of Polish poviats (counties) from the point of view of the development of the information society on the basis of data from the years 2011 and 2012. Obtained results allowed to conclude that the poviats located in the northern and south-eastern parts of the region were characterized by a low level of development of the information society. Spatial autocorrelation was poor; proximity to urban districts for the county does not always contribute to the development of the information society in its territory.

More...

Nowe fundusze przewidziane dla Polski w ramach polityki spójności Unii Europejskiej i spodziewane efekty ich wykorzystania

Author(s): Paweł Wieczorek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2014

The article describes the final shape of the "Multilateral Financial Framework of the European Union 2014-2020," with particular emphasis on funding for Poland from the participation in the EU's cohesion policy, as well as the expected impact of the money on the growth of the Polish economy and regional development. The author presents the role of EU funds in closing the gap in development, in relation to the high developed countries of the European Union (the old "15").

More...

Poziom rozwoju Polski w relacji do państw zachodnich

Author(s): Dominik Paprotny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2014

The purpose of this article is to anticipate how the development gap between Poland and rich Western countries changed from gaining independence up today. Six indicators were analyzed: GDP per capita, male and female life expectancy, infant mortality, passenger cars and telephone subscribers per 100 persons. After collecting historical data for 25 developed countries the author calculated when (how many years earlier) did those states achieved a defined indicator value for Poland. The results show that during the interwar period the backwardness of Poland increased. After the war it was steadily decreasing until mid-1960s, only to rise again to an all-time high in late 1980s/early 1990s. During the last 20 years the gap between Poland and the West was substantially reduced.

More...

Mieszkalnictwo w Polsce

Author(s): Stanisław Urban,Anna Sylwia Kowalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2014

Analyses of housing in Poland was made using data obtained from the Local Data Bank, National Census of Population and Housing 2011 and CSO publications. A linear trend function, multidimensional cluster analysis and the dynamics of change were used to analyze the topic. In Poland, both in urban and in rural areas the number of apartments is increasing, which is evident especially in urban areas. In most voivodships also increased the average size of a dwelling and the average number of chambers. Also the average number of rooms in a dwelling increased. Diminished role of public housing and cooperative, and flourished construction condominiums and development for the purpose of sale or rent were observed, too. Furnishing in water, lavatories and bathrooms improved, while dwellings are less equipped with central heating and mains gas.

More...

Czynniki różnicujące szanse znalezienia pracy przez osoby niepełnosprawne

Author(s): Dorota Banaszkiewicz,Olga Komorowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2014

The aim of the article is to select characteristics of people with disabilities affecting remain on unemployment, as well as the qualification of those characteristics that have a positive influence on the time without job. For this purpose, the odds ratio is used. This measure allows to compare the probability of occurrence in the register of unemployed up to 12 months depending on the selected features. Analyzed factors include gender, age, seniority, education, disability level and place of residence. The analysis used data on the labor market in Pomorskie voivodship from the register of the Regional Labour Office in Gdansk at the end of the first half of 2013.

More...

RADNIČKA KULTURA KAO UPORIŠTE DRUŠTVENOG SJEĆANJA: PRIMJER TVORNICE DALMATINKA U SINJU

Author(s): Jozefina Ćurković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2020

This paper presents a case study of the thread and cotton yarn factory Dalmatinka in Sinj, focusing on workers’ culture as the backbone of collective memory within the local community. Starting with the history of this industrial plant, through the elaboration of the concept of labor in the context of socialist Yugoslavia, the study identifies several narrative elements as the basis for the construction of workers’ memory. Based on their accounts, the relationship between workers and the factory is explored through the concepts of life history and life story and in relation to the construct of the socialist man. Following these conclusions, the paper concentrates on contemporary interpretations of Dalmatinka’s immaterial heritage. An analysis of a civil initiative project, aimed at reevaluating the factory’s contribution to town’s infrastructural, economic and cultural development, indicates a sustained presence of Dalmatinka in the collective memory.

More...

“WHAT IS THERE TO TALK ABOUT WITH THESE WOMEN?”: THE HETEROGENEITY OF FEMALE WORKERS AND THEIR INTERACTIONS AT FISH CANNING FACTORIES ON THE EAST ADRIATIC COAST

Author(s): Iva Kosmos / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This article explores the highly heterogeneous social structure of female workers at two fish canneries: Kvarner on the island of Lošinj and Plavica on the island of Cres. The heterogenous workforce reflected certain characteristics of Yugoslav society. First, there was regional and ethnic diversity. Second, there were differences created by rapid modernization, especially between educated and uneducated women who possessed different types of knowledge and embodied different behavioral norms. The third set of differences between workers was based on a traditional patriarchal idea of female propriety which existed simultaneously alongside the socialist idea of a “working woman”. Lastly, the position of workers was also shaped through the tension between appreciation of industrial and physical labor in socialism and tourist imagination of the Adriatic coast. Workers’ narratives and the visual material testify to social hierarchies and differences, but also to negotiations of these positions and different affiliations, all of which depended on their various situations and interests. The stories from different factories also point to different possibilities of social relations, interactions and community building. While workers from Kvarner in Lošinj on occasions remained disintegrated, workers from Plavica on Cres traversed boundaries more easily and formed a close-knit network and community. This was due to the different working and living conditions in the two factories, including a policy of organized leisure and social events, which were a consequence of different periods in which the factories operated, different roles that they had in the local community and different factory management.

More...

FISH CANNING INDUSTRY AND THE RHYTHM OF SOCIAL LIFE IN THE NORTHEASTERN ADRIATIC

Author(s): Tanja Petrović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article discusses the social world formed around canneries in small coastal and insular towns in the northeastern Adriatic. Although associated with hard, unpleasant labor and demanding work conditions, the fish canning industry, particularly in the period of late socialism, offered a framework in which a meaningful social life was organized and lived. In this way, the local impact of canneries reached much beyond providing financial means to its employees. To understand the social meaning of fish canning in the Yugoslav Adriatic, the article focuses on the relationship between the now largely vanished local fish canning industry and tourism that is increasingly becoming the dominant (and the only) source of income for local communities. Lefebvre’s concept of rhythm-analysis proves to be a productive lens to view the complex and often ambiguous relationship between the two industries, and to narrate the history of fish canning through the senses – what was seen, heard, smelled, felt. These intense, embodied, sensorial memories caution us that the dominant claims and narratives which interpret the replacement of industry with tourism (and other tertiary sector activities) as a necessary, inevitable and desirable developmental step should not be taken for granted.

More...

OUR FACTORY: TEXTILE WORKERS’ MEMORIES AND EXPERIENCES IN SLOVENIA

Author(s): Nina Vodopivec / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article deals with textile workers’ memories of a socialist factory and industrial work in Slovenia, and their experiences during numerous contemporary restructurings and social transformations. It argues that textile workers were heavily marked by the disintegration of their community and loss of social recognition. The loss of the factory was experienced as personal and social loss, the loss of dignity and self-worth. Such experiences are connected to historically shaped meanings of factories, the role and position of industrial workers in the past socialist landscape, with particular memories and experiences of work. The metanarrative of socialist industrialization depicted them as protagonists of modernization and social development. They were co-creators of the industrial miracle, local infrastructure and social standard. They now felt robbed and dispossessed in a material and symbolic sense. The society showed little interest in their experience of such a loss. The absence of research and little attention paid to such questions by the society is connected to the way in which the society dealt with economic restructuring in Slovenia. The local experience is compared with other post-socialist ethnographies and industrial worker ethnographies in the transformed capitalist world.

More...

Реформування земельних відносин в Україні: досвід зарубіжних країн

Author(s): Ivan Mytsenko,Tatiana Reshitko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4 (37)/2020

Theoretical and practical approaches to the formation of land market in Ukraine are considered in the article. The views of scientists and practitioners on the problem of creating land market are summarized. It has been proven that land market is vital for agriculture and rural residents. It allows using land as collateral for agricultural enterprises. It is a source of income for farmers and allows land to move to a more efficient owner.It is investigated that during the transformations in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, the state monopoly on land was abolished, agricultural enterprises were privatized, new market structures were created,that is preconditions were created for the introduction of market land turnover and formation of the secondary market of agricultural land. Today it is obvious that further regulation of land relations is needed to ensure effective development of newly created economic agricultural formations. The lack of a real market for agricultural land hinders their efficient distribution and restrains long-term investment in land and agriculture in general.The history of reforming land relations of foreign countries is analyzed and systematized. Peculiarities of land markets formation and organization of lease land relations in the countries of the world are shown. It is studied that the state regulation of the agricultural land market of the EU member states is aimed at preserving land, preventing excessive concentration or fragmentation of land, sale of land primarily to farmers who have experience in agricultural production and live in the area. The issue of the land market is especially acute for countries with economies in transition, including Ukraine. Of particular note is the lease of agricultural land,which is the main form of land relations in many countries. The need to apply positive foreign experience in creating a market for agricultural land in Ukraine is indicated.

More...

Чинники інтелектуалізації розвитку української економіки у глобальному середовищі

Author(s): Liudmyla Tsymbal / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4 (37)/2020

The development of globalization processes poses new challenges to the countries of the world, primarily related to the gradual transition to the knowledge economy and its implementation in the face of today's challenges. On the one hand, the formation of the knowledge economy takes place in the context of globalization and liberalization of legislation, and on the other - this transition is accompanied by the desire of states to strengthen control over strategically important areas, including areas of intellectual potential. Expanding the possibilities of using intelligence as a basis for qualitative economic growth is becoming one of the key prerequisites for the success of the economy and assessing its leadership potential in these conditions. Changing the qualitative basis of economic development requires a rethinking of the role of intelligence in the management process, which, in turn, raises the issue of intellectual potential and the effectiveness of its implementation. The analysis of the structure of Ukraine's economy shows the urgent need for its qualitative restructuring, given the processes of global intellectualization of production.Significant intellectual resources accumulated in Ukraine, however, do not receive sufficient capitalization. Such indicators are the result of the lack of scientific and innovative spheres among the priorities of the state development, which is unacceptable in the conditions of transition to the knowledge economy and building an efficient economy. The intellectual potential of Ukraine is formed by many factors, including the scale and structure of training of specialists with higher education and research staff. The level of structure, structure and quality of scientific personnel training have the greatest influence on the level of technological readiness. Indicators also include: the network of organizations, their structure, level and structure of funding, the number and structure of scientific training, the number of researchers and their share in the structure of the labor market.

More...

Глобальні міста в суб’єктній диспозиції Smart-економіки

Author(s): Iryna Uninets / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4 (37)/2020

Strengthening the intellectualization of the economy is an ongoing process that is rapidly accelerating in the new century. One of the important manifestations of this is the formation of Smart-economy, "smart" economy. An important aspect of the study of Smart-economy is to determine its subjective structure and assess the relationships and interdependence of participants in economic relations. New participants in global economic relations are global cities, for the assessment of which at the present stage are used not only indicators of economic efficiency, but also indicators of intellectual economy and well-being. The article identifies three main components of the Smart-economy: smart growth, which involves the development of the economy through the implementation of knowledge and innovation; stable and sustainable growth, which is formed through the rational use of available resources and increase the efficiency of these processes, which in turn can contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the economy; intensive growth provided by the achievement of a high level of employment, social and territorial capacity and cohesion. The main forms of manifestation of Smart-economy are defined: digitalization; institutionalization; management; greening; socialization; urbanization. The main elements of assessing the quality of global cities are the business environment, human capital, taxation, reputation, infrastructure, financial center development. The article analyzes the disposition of global cities in the structure of Smart-economy, criteria and indicators of their analysis, identifies the place of components of intellectualization and the current level of development of global cities. It is determined that at the present stage there is a formation not only of "global" cities, but also of "international" ones, which have a significant impact on the development of the region and determine its key trends.

More...

Розвиток потенціалу вищої освіти у територіальному розрізі як інструменту підвищення конкурентоспроможності регіону

Author(s): Ilona Tsarenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4 (37)/2020

The paper is devoted to the development of the potential of higher education in the territorial context as a tool for increasing the competitiveness of the region, in particularly the problems and prospects of the Kirovohrad region.In the paper the presence of a strong relationship between the number of students and gross regional product per capita is established. The analysis of changes of quantity the available population in Ukraine and Kirovohrad region in particular is carried out. It is established that the studied region is characterized by the migration reduction during 2015-2019 years. The movement of entrants from the Kirovohrad region is analyzed by the author, the main recipient-regions are identified. The dynamics of the average monthly wages of full-time employees in Ukraine and the Kirovohrad region in 2010-2019 years are analyzed and the share of large, medium, small and micro-enterprises in the selected regions in relation to the total number in Ukraine in 2010-2018 are analyzed. It was determined that the most negative factors which affect on the development of the potential of higher education in the regions are: demographic crisis, migration decline, low average monthly wages and low business activity in the region.It was revealed that the most effective tool for eliminating the negative tendencies in the development of the potential of higher education is the creation and support the development of innovative-oriented cluster structures, the purpose of which is to ensure the effective interaction of authorities, universities, business and society for the synergistic effect in the socio-economic development of the Kirovohrad region. In addition, creation the jobs positions with high added value; support the innovation infrastructure; support small and medium business; creation the attractive infrastructure for youth; encourage business to the scientific cooperation; promotion higher education and jobs positions in the Kirovohrad region; creation the effective system of postgraduate education and training; involvement the representatives of higher education institutions in the process of branding the region; initiation a regional educational exhibition "Kirovohrad Educational" are suggested by the author.

More...

Організаційно-економічні передумови соціального розвитку трудового потенціалу в Україні

Author(s): Tatiyana Nemchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4 (37)/2020

The paper is devoted to the problem of research of the organizational and economic factors, which are affecting on the process of the social development of labour potential in Ukraine. The authors, based on the research of the foreign and Ukrainian scientists, determined the necessity to change the approach to the human resource management, caused by the transformations on the labour market and crisis phenomena in the economy. Social development of labour potential should play a key role in this process as a significant factor of ensuring the economic prosperity and social welfare.The main goal of the paper is to reveal the essence and pecularities of the process of social development of labour potential, to analyze the organizational and economic prerequisites for its forming by researching the founder of the indicators of the functioning of the labour market of Ukraine.The author determined that the social development of labour potential is due to the influence of social factors, leading to the forming of new opportunities for population, the growth and expansion of their capabilities, skills, competencies, changes in the qualitative state of their labour potential and the result of their social and labour activities.Using analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, the methods of comparison and analytics, the main organizational and economic indicators of the development of labour potential of Ukraine are analyzed by the author. In particular, the indicators of fertility and mortality have been analyzed, and the age structure of the population has been determined. Also the characteristic of the domestic labour market, which is characterized by a decreasing in employment in the real sector of the economy, an increasing in unemployment and informal employment, a decreasing in the coverage of employees by the collective agreements, which are negatively impacts on the economic and social development of the state have been given. The indicators of growth of nominal and real wages have been determined, as well as a comparative analysis of wages in Ukraine and the world have been conducted.As a result of the conducted research, the author summarized the problematic issues that hold back the social development of labour potential and require the urgent solutions.

More...

UKRAINIAN LABOUR MIGRATION AND REMITTANCES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

Author(s): Wadim Strielkowski,Lenka Šperková / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The remittances or money transfers set by migrants to the country of origin are considered to be one of the welfare channels with a potential to influence macroeconomics indicators. The aim of our paper is to analyse migration and remittance behaviour of Ukrainian migrants in the context of the EU. Our study is based on the questionnaire survey inspired by similar projects in Latin America and Mexico. The paper’s main contribution and value-added is in the detailed analysis of the topic that distinguishes different forms of remittances using the statistical summary of the data. According to our findings, the probability and amount remitted are determined by demographic factors and the direction of effects differs in the case of regular and one-time payments. Altruism and business financing come through as the primary motives to remit. Ukrainian remittances appear to be transferred by informal channels into the productive forms of consumption. A procurement of skilled position is positively influenced by human capital factors but is also reflected in the labour market situation in the destination country.

More...

In Defense of Land and Faith: Muslim Tatars between Confrontation and Accommodation in Late Imperial Russia

Author(s): Stefan B. Kirmse / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2020

This article offers a discussion of state-society encounters and confrontations in the 1870s and 1880s, including both violent clashes and protracted negotiations, between Muslim Tatars and representatives of the Russian imperial state. It explores conflicts over land and faith in Muslim communities of Crimea and the Volga region, combining an analysis of the socio-economic and cultural-political roots of protest. In so doing, it goes beyond the technical details of specific disputes, offering rich information on everyday life in the countryside. It looks at forms of protest, boycott, and resistance, demonstrating that these could be highly individualistic, localized incidents or broader, collective phenomena. They could be directed against new rules and directives issued by the central state and communicated by its local representatives, or they could be aimed at village elders and neighbors. The religious affiliation of those involved could, but did not have to become a factor. In addition, the article explores protest in comparative terms. Why were open conflict and resistance against the state more common in the Volga provinces than in Crimea?

More...

A Critique of Alexander Samoilovich (1880– 1938) and the Process of an “Imperial Visitor’s” Evolution

Author(s): Anton Ikhsanov / Language(s): English Issue: 40/2020

The modern epoch is connected to the increased pace of intercultural interaction. In numerous spheres of human activity, the communication field between representatives of different cultures has become a part of everyday life. The necessity to provide an academic study of this phenomenon has led to the emergence of a specific branch of science titled “intercultural communication” and has changed the direction of anthropological studies, the methodology of history, and sociology. However, the basis for this change of approach was not only a “cultural turn” and an attempt to enrich the “toolkit” by the newest methods of social sciences. One of the foundations for this shift to a new field of studies was self-reflection by historians and anthropologists. According to Maria Todorova, the ability to acknowledge the possibility of a scholar’s self-transformation by contact with the Other (and the dual nature of this process) is an ultimate indicator of this development by any branch of science. Asian and African studies are not exceptions.

More...

Social and institutional factors of economic development: evidence from Europe

Author(s): Helje Kaldaru,Eve Parts / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2008

Social and institutional determinants of economic development are attracting increasing attention among development economists. The present paper analyses the impact of macro-level social capital and related social factors on economic development in 34 European countries. Macro-level social capital comprises different aspects of institutional quality and is closely related to income distribution and social cohesion. We used principal component analysis to group initially selected social determinants of economic development into three components (human and social capital, income equality, and redistribution), which altogether describe 64.4% of the variation in initial variables. The following regression analysis proved that all these components have a positive effect on economic development, measured by the human development index.

More...

Prospects for development of “smart cities” in Bulgaria

Author(s): Nikolay Stoenchev,Yana Hrischeva / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2021

This study studies the attitudes of young people in Sofia regarding potential purchase of real estate in highly urbanised city areas, as well as their knowledge and preferences concerning the so called “smart cities”. The degree to which young people would be inclined to acquire properties in these particular areas could determine the state of the property market in the long term. Information about young people’s preferences would help synchronise the opportunities provided by technologies with the users’ needs and their capabilities to adapt and benefit from technologies to their full capacity. An important aspect is the increasing means that need to be invested in a purchase of a home in a “smart city”. It is useful to establish what part of the population could afford such an investment. Answering these questions would be useful to property developers and local governments equally, so they can update their priorities and meet the current needs of the population.

More...

SOCIAL WORK AS THE SAFETY NET OF THE ALBANIAN SOCIETY IN TRANSITION

Author(s): Arlinda Ymeraj / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

Social work has little tradition as an academic discipline or as a profession in Albania despite the high need for well-trained social workers. Social work in Albania had practically not existed in the past, neither before the WWII nor during socialist regime. It was the deep political and economic changes of the post socialist phase and the support of government and non-government stakeholders, like the Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs, Emigration and Ex- Persecuted People as well as the Grand Valley University, Michigan, which paved the way for the establishment from scratch of the Faculty of Social Work at the University of Tirana in 1992. Two other schools of Social Work were also established in two public universities, one at the University of Shkodra (2005) and another at the Elbasan University (2004). The Albania’s adherence to the Bologna Declaration brought a new reform, initiated in 2005, in which the Departments of Social Work were actively involved and played a critical role to adjust the curricula according to the EU standards. However, social work is neither a straight forward academic discipline nor a clear-cut profession. Social work is both, above all it is the safety net of society. The concept of social work derives from the needs of society, which in the end turns towards social mobilization, participation and inclusion. The global definition of social work, set out by the International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW) and approved by its general assembly in 2014, defines Social Work as follows: “Social work is a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of people. Principles of social justice, human rights, collective responsibility and respect for diversities are central to social work. Underpinned by theories of social work, social sciences, humanities and indigenous knowledge, social work engages people and structures to address life challenges and enhance wellbeing”. (http://www.communitycare.co.uk/what-is-the-roleof-social-workers).

More...