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THE EXPLOITATION OF SALT IN THE SOUTH OF TRANSYLVANIA AND THE TRANSPORTATION WITH PLATES ON THE MUREŞ RIVER
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METHODS OF EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF SALT IN OCNA MUREŞ
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GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SALT ORE FROM OCNA MUREŞ AREA
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THE SALT EXPLOITATION IN OCNA MURES. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
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RISK PHENOMENCES ASSOCIATED WITH THE EXPLOITATION OF SALT IN THE URBAN PERIMETER OCNA MUREŞ
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THE THERAPEUTIC VALENCES OF COURSE FACTORSFROM THE BALNEAR STATION OCNA MUREŞ
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Coal is one of the carbonaceous materials which, under certain conditions, can combust spontaneously as a result of its oxidation with atmospheric oxygen. Coal oxidation is an irreversible exothermic reaction and its rate increases with temperature. In mines or in storage, the deficiency of the heat dissipation capacity of the coal bulk with respect to its heat generation capacity can result in heat accumulation which subsequently leads to higher oxidation rates due to higher temperatures. This process, if not averted with appropriate action, results in the spontaneous combustion of the coal. The heat generation and dissipation capacities of a coal bulk depend on a number of factors. It is the outcome of the interactions between these factors that determines the occurence or nonoccurence of spontaneous combustion.
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POLLUTION TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES, WITHIN THE FRAMEWORKINDUSTRIAL PROCESSING OBJECTIVESOF MINERALS FROM ZLATNA
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Process waters exiting from mining, metallurgical and petroleum operations are widespread throughout the world and can become contaminated by various pollutants. Main pollutants are residual reagents, powders, chemicals, metal ions, oils, organic and some may be valuable (Au, Pt, Ag). The use of column flotation is showing a great potential due to the high throughput of modern equipment, low sludge generation and high efficiensy of the separation schemes already available. It is concluded that this process will be soon incorporated as a technology in the minerals industry to treat these wastewaters and, when possible, to recycle process water and materials.
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This paper will present aspects regarding pollution in the protected areas in the south – western part of Romania. There are presented pollution sources, influence on local flora and fauna and management of short term and long term effect prevention. We take into account economical aspects, especially pollution related to the mining activity on social and natural habitat
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Seriousness of ecological problems and social activities aimed at the protection and quality of the environment at the national and international levels impose the need for urgent and different changes in educational system of many countries. Modern educational theory, practice and recommendations of international organizations lead to the ecological system at the high education. In order to understand the need and the importance of ecological factors and laws in professional domain, the connection between ecological and professional aspects of student's future professional activities, it is necessary to understand the environmental protection as the necessary content and principle of educational work at the university. In the paper, the educational needs of different groups of the academic population are sinthetized, in fact, the program's educational orientation for the environmental protection in different segments at the high level of education is shown.
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Les politiques macroéconomiques ont un impact important, mais difficilement mesurable sur le mode d’utilisation des ressources et des services qu’offre le capital naturel d’un pays. Ces politiques, destinées à agir sur la demande agrégée, à éliminer les déficits budgétaires ou à équilibrer la balance des dépenses, modifient les signaux transmis dans toute l’économie, influençant les décisions sur le volume et le type de ressources utilisées. Vu le développement insuffisant du système des indicateurs spécifiques de la protection de l’environnement, la détermination quantitative précise de l’impact des politiques macroéconomiques sur l’environnement est à présent difficile à réaliser. Dans ces conditions, même une analyse qualitative de l’impact potentiel des politiques sur le capital naturel peut indiquer certaines solutions susceptibles de limites les nuisances sur l’environnement. Les résultats obtenus pour estimer l’impact ne peuvent être généralisés, vu que les influences exercées sur l’environnement dépendent largement des particularités de chaque pays, déterminées par la structure d’organisation et de propriété, par le niveau de culture et d’éducation, par les traditions, etc
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In order to operationalize the concept of sustainable development a general and flexible methodology by a systematic approach is necessary to be developed. This makes possible the application of sustainable development to each concrete case with the specific conditions of the observed system. An important role play sustainable development indicators and their components. Such indicators are needed in order to establish aims, to quantify them, to verify the possible effects of measures before introducing them and to help the decision making process. In the development of SDIs three directions are to be observed. Fuzzy logic offers the chance to integrate complexe qualitative entities in mathematical models and represents a transparent methodology. The possibility to define a modular sustainable development indicator will be discussed, wherein environmental indicators are very important. Environmental indicators are characterizing the air, water and soil pollution. An indicator for air pollution API is proposed and applied on regional level for two countries. The results will be discus-sed and conclusions concerning the usage potential of the presented methodology will be drawn.
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Globally flooding is one of the natural catastrophes that every year causes most victims and the greatest economical effects. In European countries death caused by flooding is relatively unusual, but the damages in tangible assets and the cost for the society are considerable. In case of flooding many authorities and organizations become involved and there is a problem to take in the whole situation and have a common picture when many incidents happen at the same time. There is also a lack of efficient tools showing critical buildings and constructions such as roads, railroads, water-purifying plant, etc, in combination with actual and forecasted water-levels. In this paper a model for visualization of critical situations caused by flooding in rivers is presented. The model is based on critical factors derived from studies of earlier flooding, hydrological models, and visualization models.
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TOURISM IN KARST PROTECTED AREAS FROM CIUMERNA - IEZERUL IGHIELULUI
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CONSIDERATIONS ON FACTORS DETERMININGTHE EVOLUTION OF TOURISM
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ASPECTS OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE ROMANIAN SOCIETY OF GEOGRAPHY, ALBA SUBSIDIARY
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