Šiuolaikinės pojūčių tyrinėjimo ir praktikos tendencijos

Author(s): Lineta Žilinskaitė,Asta Lapėnienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: -/2015

In the article idea of “sensory return to fashion“ is discussed and actualized in the context of education. In the first part is given short overview of sensory use in mass culture. Then main scientific tendencies and principles of “sensory turn“ are presented and the importance of social-cultural aspect of senses in daily experience, learning and researching is highlighted. Interdisciplinarity of “sensory turn“ and the application of this approach in developing learning programs is also discussed in this article. In the secondpart contemporary scientific approach to sensory studies is linked to the research that was carried out during the qualification program for teachers at Vytautas Magnus University and main findings are presented.

Budownictwo wielorodzinne w strefie podmiejskiej dużego miasta na przykładzie Wrocławia

Author(s): Stanisław Ciok,Aleksandra Leśniak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

Suburban zones of large cities are undergoing radical changes in the intensity and method of spatial management. The methods of managing agricultural rural areas used to date are strongly influenced by the influx of people, intensive construction traffic, the appearance of various investors and new non- agricultural functions etc. Consequently, they change the face of rural areas. The subject of the article is an analysis of multi-family construction traffic in the suburban zone of Wrocław. The vast majority of papers on residential housing in the suburban zone of large cities concerns private constructions, and rarely multi- family housing. The aim of the article is to present the intensity and distribution of multi-family housing in the suburban zone of Wrocław, which is uneven (multi-family housing is allowed in about 100 locations) and dependent on the spatial policy of communes. Multi-family housing will be presented in the context of construction traffic of the suburban zone of Wrocław in recent years.

Realizacja modelu zarządzania i rozwoju przestrzennego miasta XXI wieku

Author(s): Szymon Opania / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

Analysing contemporary concepts of cities of the future it is possible to notice two important groups of projects among them. One of them assumes, in closer or of distant future, coming into existence self-sufficient energy cities, which will not emit the carbon dioxide and process waste. Second, more popular, is the one which carries out demands of the sustainable development in constructing cities, putting the priori- ties for the city itself behind the target. This division into “visional” cities of the future and present corrective actions have been legible for ages. What is more, concepts of “cities of the future” responded to the purposes of “cities of the present time”. Meeting the needs of their residents was a leading message, ensuring better living conditions and sense of security. It seems, that according to the report “The future of cities – cities of the future”, a city of the future is a connection of an intelligent use of modern technologies and innovative systems facilitating managing respective agglomerations, with potential of the institution and companies as well as creativity and enthusiasm of citizens. The subject of the article is an analysis, in this light, of operations carried out by the Grenoble city hall, which has started carrying out over 30 assignments in the field of the integrated planning, taking a reduction in produced greenhouse gases as a specific target. EcoCité project, executing in Grenoble, is located on the surface of 250 hectares, in the central Presqu’Île district and is one of the most important investment action of the public-private sector in France. It assumes the implementation of operations in the amount of 1.3 milliard euro within 15 years.

REGIONALISIERUNG UND REGIONALISMUS IN RUMÄNIEN NACH 1989: GRUNDLAGEN, FORMEN UND INSTITUTIONEN

Author(s): József Benedek / Language(s): German Issue: 06/2006

Antropogeniczne formy rzeźby na terenie Magurskiego Parku Narodowego (Zewnętrzne Karpaty Fliszowe, Beskid Niski)

Author(s): Michał Zatorski,Paweł Franczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 144/2016

Anthropogenic landforms are an important part of the landscape of Magura National Park. Human impact in this region for centuries has led to significant transformations of the local landscape and the local water cycle. The Lemko population, who had lived in the Beskid Niski Mountains until 1945 practiced animal husbandry, agriculture, forestry, rock material processing (stonemasonry), and extracted so-called wood oil. A rapid increase in population density led to intensive residential construction in the 19th and 20th centuries and increased human impact in the area. After the end of the Second World War in 1945, most Beskid Niski residents were moved to other parts of the country by the new communist government of Poland. Changes in land use then ensued. Mountain slopes that were previously used for agriculture as pastures and farmland were subjected to afforestation or gradually subjected to secondary plant succession. Despite a presently low population density and dispersed built-up sites in Magura National Park, anthropogenic forms are still very distinct as a result of several centuries of human activity across these lands. Due to their initial purpose, anthropogenic landforms can be distinguished as old residential and farm buildings (mainly stone foundation), remnants of agro-forestry industries, rock material extraction sites, religious sites, and military sites from the first and second world wars. These serve as the background for the effects of economic activity undertaken in this area after the Second World War. The most valuable and interesting anthropogenic landforms and areas were inventoried in this study. Especially important in this regard are concentrations of agricultural terraces in Nieznajowa, Ciechania, Żydowskie, and Rostajne. In the course of field research, evident effects of re-naturalization were observed, and consequently also the disappearance of many anthropogenic landforms in the study area. A full inventory of these sites could leads to the protection of selected sites associated with anthropogenic geodiversity.

Koncepcja zrównoważonego transportu. Przypadek komunikacji tramwajowej w wybranych miastach Europy środkowej i zachodniej

Author(s): Jakub Taczanowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 144/2016

The purpose of the paper is to attempt to show that tram transportation fulfills the postulates of sustainable transportation to a greater extent than other means of municipal transportation. Its potential is connected with its small impact on the natural environment, high accessibility also for passengers with limited mobility and – last but not least – the opportunity to create urban space.The paper analyzes tram investment completed after the year 2000 in two cities that already had this means of municipal transportation – the Polish city of Kraków and the Aystrian city of Linz – as well as two tram networks constructed from scratch, located in the Italian city of Florence and the French city of Nice. The first two cities have built several new tram lines, mainly connecting housing estates with city centers. In both cases, tunnel sections under a main railway station had to be opened. The latter two cities, by contrast, are examples of a return of trams to the streets from which they were removed in the 1950s.These major investments show that the advantages of trams – especially in the context of their considerably smaller negative environmental impact and overall greater effectiveness compared with buses – are quite well known today to decision makers in different parts of Europe. However, knowledge on the opportunities that trams provide in order to help create urban space seems to be less widespread. What is more, the potential of trams to help create a sustainable municipal transportation system is not fully realized either. This fact applies in particular to Kraków where investment in the tram system is realized together with a large scale extension of the city’s road network. However, even the new tram systems of Florence and Nice do not seem to utilize all the opportunities that municipal tram transportation yields to help create a really sustainable transportation system in a so-called sustainable city.

Geographic individuality of basins without outlets in a post-glacial area (Parsęta catchment, West Pomeranian Province

Author(s): Maciej Major / Language(s): English Issue: 143/2015

The paper seeks to present the exceptional qualities of closed basins commonly found in areas covered by the last Pleistocene glaciation. Such basins are a natural part of the landscape ; they occupy a large percentage of the area. The research was conducted in the Parsęta catchment over the course of several years. Two basic types of basins without outlets were analyzed absorptive basins : absorption basins, evapotranspiration basins. The geographic individuality of small landforms with no surface runoff was characterized on the basis of key morphometric indicators, lithology, soil distribution, and physical-chemical properties of surface and groundwaters. Closed basins are usually small concave landforms, roughly circular in shape, at the bottom of which organic sediments attain a great thickness. In the southern part of the Parsęta catchment, permeable sediments predominate, while those located in its middle part are predominantly retentive in nature. Typical features of the spatial distribution of soils in the small catchments of closed depressions are their ring-like pattern going down towards the bottom and a predominance of organic soils in the bottom. Surface and groundwaters in these catchments display a low and a medium level of mineralization, and the elements dominating in their chemical composition are those coming from the leaching of rocks, the chief source of which is chemical weathering, as well as biogenic components connected with the deposition of organic sediments in the bottoms.

Role of channel heads in determining water chemistry of 1st-order streams in postglacial areas of West Pomerania

Author(s): Małgorzata Mazurek,Robert Kruszyk,Grażyna Szpikowska / Language(s): English Issue: 143/2015

Detailed research studies on the physical and chemical properties of waters were conducted within the Żarnowo channel head in West Pomerania. Samples were collected at regular measuring sites, which represent groundwater of the footslope zone, interstitial waters and rivulets. In order to identify the origin of ionic components in channel headwaters, the collected hydrochemical data were subjected to factor analysis using the principal component method. The main factors shaping the chemistry of waters : geogenic, anthropogenic, biogenic, and redox were identified. The study was designed to identify the determinants of the water chemistry of 1st-order streams.

Physical geographic conditions in the Gardno Lake catchment (Wolin Island)

Author(s): Andrzej Kostrzewski,Mariusz Samołyk,Jacek Tylkowski / Language(s): English Issue: 143/2015

The Gardno Lake catchment on Wolin Island is located within the Wolin Range micro-region. Its coastal location and early glacial terrain within the temperate climate zone are the distinguishing features of this catchment. The catchment is non-run-off in character, and its area is dominated by beech forests and affected by a small degree of human impact. In the Gardno Lake catchment, atmospheric precipitation undergoes both physical and chemical conversion during its permeation in the beech forest zone, and then during infiltration through the slope cover, percolation to aquifers and subsequent drainage down towards the lake. A pattern of increased mineral content and higher pH at subsequent stages of water circulation were also identified. In the period 2010 – 2014, on a monthly basis, waters at the atmospheric stage ( precipitation, throughfall, stemflow ), transitional stage ( throughflow ), and lithospheric stage ( groundwaters, lake waters ) were examined in the Gardno Lake catchment. The research study described herein allowed to determine changes in water physical and chemical characteristics at individual stages of its cycle and discrete solute loads reaching the studied catchment area. The annual variability of water mineral content circulating in the Gardno Lake geoecosystem – presented in the paper – was calculated via the total concentration of biogenic ions (NO 3 – , NH 4 + , K +), denudation-originated ions ( SO4 2– , Ca 2+, Mg 2+), and ions resulting from a large supply of marine aerosols ( Cl –– Na + ).

Variability of throughfall and stemflow deposition in pine and beech stands (Czarne Lake catchment, Gardno Lake catchment on Wolin Island)

Author(s): Robert Kruszyk,Andrzej Kostrzewski,Jacek Tylkowski / Language(s): English Issue: 143/2015

The research sought to determine the range of conversion of the chemical composition of precipitation in a beech stand located in the Gardno Lake catchment ( Wolin Island ) and a pine stand in the Czarne Lake catchment ( Upper Parsęta catchment, West Pomerania Province ). The presented results cover three hydrological years : 2012, 2013 and 2014. The research focused on the chemical composition of bulk precipitation ( in the open ), throughfall and stemflow ( in a forest ). The obtained results confirm that after precipitation has had contact with plant surfaces there is an increase in its mineral content. This is due to the process of enrichment of throughfall and stemflow with elements leached out of needles and leaves ( K +, Mg 2+ ) and coming from dry deposition ( NH 4 +, Cl –, Na +, Mg 2+, SO 4 2– , NO 3 – ) washed out from plant surfaces. The research, based on the canopy budget model, indicates that in the case of potassium, its load leached out of needles and leaves accounted for 75.6 % and 73 %, respectively, of its total deposition on the forest floor. Calcium leaching was not detected in either of the two stands. In comparison with potassium, the range of magnesium leaching was smaller and amounted to 34 % under beech and 26.5 % under pine. As to loads of potassium and magnesium in the beech stand, they were more than twice as large as the ones observed in the pine stand. In spite of the fact that coniferous trees capture aerosols present in the air much more effectively, a higher mineral content was recorded in the beech stand. It applies primarily to ions of marine origin ( Cl –, SO 42– , Na +, Mg 2+ ). It was only when ammonium ions originated from agriculture that their higher concentrations and loads were found in the pine stand.

Tourism on Turkey’s Black Sea Coast: Interview with Dr. Gülçin Bilgin Turna

Author(s): Chris Deliso,Gülçin Bilgin Turna / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2014

The little-known touristic attractions of northeastern Turkey - and the current actions being taken to enhance them - are the subjective of this exclusive interview with a local expert and professor in Rize.

DEPRESIUNEA FĂRĂU. CARACTERIZARE GEOMORFOLOGICĂ

Author(s): Nicolae Luduşan,Levente Dimén / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 13/2013

Fărău Plateau islocated between two major rivers: Mureş and Târnava Mică. Because of this settlement, theplateau has a serie own characteristics of all environmental components: relief, hydrology,climate, fauna, flora etc. The paper attempts a definition and geomorphological unitplacement in major establishments, Târnavelor Plateau and Transylvanian Plateau. It makesa detailed description of the main geomorphological processes affecting the reief of Plateau:fluvial erosion and landslides

PEŞTERA DE LA IZVORUL TĂUŞOARELOR

Author(s): Crin-Trandafil Theodorescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: XV/2017

The cave Izvorul Tăuşoarelor is the largest cave from the Rodna Mountains and the Oriental Carpathians Mountains. In this protected area there are approximately10,000 bats that are hibernating. This fact contributed to the cave being included in theNatura 2000 European network, which includes a great number of protected areas fromthe entire continent. The cave and the protected surface above it have, since 2016, a management plan approved by the Environment Minister. This management plan was realized upon detailed scientific studies.

DEPRESIUNEA APOLDULUI. Aspecte morfo-hidrografice preliminare

Author(s): Ioan Fleaca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10/2010

This paper is the beginning of a large and complex study on Apold Plateau, which aims to highlight the morphological and geographical characteristics of this area and the natural and anthropogenic potential, that could form the basis of operating and recovery programs in this tourism potential. At first, we do an overview of the morphological and river basin.

SEBEŞ, ORAŞ “SUFOCAT” DE TRAFICUL RUTIER

Author(s): Mioara Bulbucan,Maria Cibu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 09/2009

Sebes City is located at the intersection of two major roads. From the highway Bucharest-Arad-Sibiu, in Sebes emerges another European road, on direction Cluj-Oradea. All the cars coming from the south of Romania and the Balkan Peninsula and head toward Central and Western Europe pass through this city that has no beltway. For this reason, the exhaust gas air pollution is a serious problem of residents of this city.

METODE DE ANALIZĂ UTILIZATE ÎN DETERMINAREA CONTAMINĂRII CU METALE GRELE

Author(s): Maria-Alexandra Popa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 08/2008

This paper work approaches some methods of analysis used for determination of the heavy metal pollution degree. The paper describes few essential methods and applications of assessing the heavy metal and other toxic compounds We refer also to spectrometric method, starting from some general aspects of these, approaching then the characteristics and the applications of method.

ENERGIA GEOTERMALÃ - SURSĂ REGENERABILĂ DE ENERGIE, ÎN CONTEXTUL DEZVOLTĂRII DURABILE

Author(s): Liliana Indrie,Mihaela Novak / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 05/2005

Because of the intense industrial development, the human activity has influenced theenvironment more and more; recently, more and more negative effects at a global level have been noticed. For this reason, during the recent years the ecological impact of the human activities has been very much emphasized. At present, the majority of the international research programs contain aspects relating to the protection of the environment. This tendency has determined a drastic evaluation of the energy sources. In this context, the new energy sources have begun to have a greater importance. From an ecological point of view, the geothermal energy occupies a favorable place as compared to the majority of the energy sources that are being used at present. The geothermal energy is usually considered to be renewable and sustainable

ŞTEFAN MANCIULEA, PREOCUPĂRI DE GEOPOLITICĂ ŞI DEMOGRAFIE LA GRANIŢA DE VEST A ŢĂRII

Author(s): Cornel Resiga,Nicolae Veres / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 04/2004

STEFAN MANCIULEA, GEOPOLITICS AND DEMOGRAPHY STUDY CONCERNING THE WEST BOUNDARY OF THE COUNTRY

REMANIEREA REŢELEI HIDROGRAFICE ÎN CURSUL INFERIOR AL AMPOIULUI

Author(s): Marian Muntean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 01/1999

REMAINING THE HYDROGRAPHIC NETWORK IN THE LOWER COURSE OF AMPOI RIVER

O reprezentatywności długoletnich, interdyscyplinarnych badań pasterstwa w Czarnohorze

Author(s): Mateusz Troll / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2017

The paper discusses chosen results of the third part of long-time, interdisciplinary studies on Hutsul summer farming in the Chornohora mountains, published in a book titled Pasterstwo w Czarnohorze (the English title: Shepherding in the Chornohora). Janusz Gudowski (the book’s editor) claims that the representativeness of the research carried out by his team in a small part of the Chornohora (Mt Kukul), is high, which is a matter of discussion here. The paper’s author argues with the applied research approach, which does not take into consideration a possible variation of economic relations in different grazing seasons and its influence on summer farming change. Examples of changes investigated during this research, and caused by such a variation, are discussed in the paper as a separate category of interdisciplinary study results, which cannot be extrapolated outside the study area. Treating such results as representative could give a false view of summer farming changes. Above all, the study area used in this interdisciplinary research cannot be recognized in author’s opinion as representative, when only relatively small secondary grasslands were investigated, resulting, among others, in overrepresentation of cattle farms as well as a lack of secondary succession symptoms. Among the most important features of the Chornohora summer livestock farming, not represented in the study area, and not described in this book, are sheep grazing in general (despite the English title of this book, only cattle grazing was investigated during this research) and communal grazing, both sheep and cattle. A different view on the role of long-time pasture ownership changes (1999–2014) and relations between the nature protection and summer farming in the Chornohora (two protected areas with different protection zones) is also presented in this paper.