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Rezolvarea unor controverse privitoare la probleme de mediu presupune apelul la ideologie şi la principiile care oferă o orientare morală a acțiunilor noastre față de natură (moartea animalelor, eroziunea solului, secarea izvoarelor, ettc.). În scopul de a participa şi a evalua corect situațiile care au drept rezultat deteriorarea mediului, omul trebuie să învețe să lupte împotriva acestor fenomene utilizând măsuri de combatere interdisciplinare.
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A partir de l’analyse d’un journal d’expulsés, cette communication se propose de cerner les identités multiples que développent les Allemands qui ont quitté les territoires de l’est après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Partagés entre un territoire perdu et une nouvelle région d’habitation, les expulsés peinent à définir leur Heimat, c’est-à-dire l’endroit où ils se sentent chez eux. La confrontation de la mémoire et de l’histoire est un autre élément qui participe de la multiplication des facteurs constitutifs de leur identité. Cet article montre également comment ces identités changent avec le temps et l’évolution de la situation géopolitique européenne. Les réunions, locales ou de grande envergure, sont un autre élément qui permet de voir quelle(s) identité(s) les expulsés entretiennent, et dans quels buts ils soulignent une part de leur identité au détriment d’une autre.
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The following paper shows the transition from internal to external migration and places Vaslui County into a spatial and time frame from the perspective of population mobility. Moreover, the consequences of the downgrading of internal migration by international migration are subject to the evolution of demographical and social indicators on which there are reflected: birth rate, general fertility, the rate of population growth, the index of demographical aging, because the involvement of the young population and young adult population in international migration led to a numerical decrease of the population with ages between 0-14, from 23,7% in 1990 to 15,0% in 2012, the increase of the majority of the old age population, of 65 years old and more, from 10,3% in 1990 to 15,0% in 2012 and of adult the population, 15-64 years old, from 66% in 1990 to 70% in 2012, according to National Institute of Statistics.
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The higher education policy development and reforms at regional level have attempted to overcome the challenges and impacts of globalization in the current transformation to knowledge-based global economy. Universities of Central Asia are being involved in internationalization processes establishing both bilateral and multilateral co-operations across borders. Through integration schemes, international and regional institutions and their programs and programs of various countries are engaging in policy harmonization processes to foster more integration and provide regional remedies for the common challenges of globalization in their respective regions. Researchers are also engaged in academic debates and analyze various higher education system integration discourses at professional level. Most of the theories and practices used in higher education discourses however are taken from other experiences, best practices and when terms and concepts from other experiences migrate to the higher education sector of the region and vice versa there is sometimes a ground for misunderstanding unless they are conceptually framed and analyzed. This particular article focuses on possible regional and global integration and higher education harmonization issues. It discusses the process of policy harmonization in higher education and interprets the notions of global and regional integration theories in the interpretive paradigms of policy formulations. These interpretive paradigms provide a theoretical perspective on conceptual framework of higher education harmonization and integration schemes.
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This paper investigates the early effects of Mongolia’s accession to the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA). The Gravity model is employed in this study to analyze the effects of key factors that affect trade costs for land-locked Mongolia. In addition, the Spearman’s rank correlation of revealed advantage (SRC) and Trade intensity index (TII) are used to identify the Mongolian export products suitable for the APTA market. The paper concludes that Mongolia would be able to increase its trade flow for the APTA market after its accession to the regional trade agreement.
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The article is an attempt to name and define the processes which transform geographical space and result in the appearance or disappearance of tourism space as broadly understood. The processes include restructurization (modernization and revitalization) and degradation. All of them have been discussed in the context of their actual stage of tourism space development. More attention is devoted to degradation, which has only recently been seen as a process which may lead to the creation of spaces attractive to tourists.
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Małopolskie Województwo is one of the most popular tourist regions in Poland. Due to many attractions, long traditions of hosting tourists and well-developed accommodation facilities, Małopolskie Województwo has become the destination for a growing number of international tourists in recent years. Significant growth in incoming international tourism is found both in Kraków and in mountain areas. The objective of this paper is to present the state of development of incoming international tourism in Małopolskie Województwo.
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The objective of the article is to identify and explain the relationship between spa services distribution and spa specialization in Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Pomorskie and Podkarpackie Voivodeships spa communes. Correlation and regression analysis were used based on data from the Local Data Bank and unpublished data sets from the Central Statistical Office of Poland. In order to explain the relation between spa services distribution and spa specialization, time-series analysis was used. In five of nine researched communes (Horyniec-Zdrój, Solina, Ustka, Ciechocinek and Inowrocław) there is a functional relationship between spa services distribution and spa specialization.
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The aim of the study is to analyze the contents of the articles published in the Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism with special attention paid to texts describing tourist accommodation in its broadest sense. The list of references was collected in a survey of Taylor & Francis Online1 which includes online editions of the journal.
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The article presents the results of studies on the tourist space of the Lublin Region conducted so far by employees of the Department of Regional Geography and Tourism at the Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University. The studies, regarding the environmental and cultural tourist values, the level of management and transport accessibility, as well as selected elements of the tourism policy of the local authorities, permitted the determination of the tourist potential of spatial units (administrative and physicogeographical) with various importance and character. Areas with varied degrees of attractiveness were distinguished based on their tourist potential. Those classified as attractive and very attractive were described in detail in terms of: the degree of development of the tourist function, functional types of spatial units, perception of tourist space by users, and attitudes of the local community towards the development of tourism.
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The article presents sea cruises - a form of tourism which is not very common in Poland but flourishes in other parts of the world. The author describes world and European fleets, cruise routes, ports visited and elements of cruise organization. She presents a detailed illustration of the most powerful European company - the Italian Costa Crociere (Costa Cruises) - which organizes cruises in Europe and all over the world.
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The article is an attempt to name and define the processes which transform geographical space and result in the appearance or disappearance of tourism space as broadly understood. The processes include restructurization (modernization and revitalization) and degradation. All of them have been discussed in the context of their actual stage of tourism space development. More attention is devoted to degradation, which has only recently been seen as a process which may lead to the creation of spaces attractive to tourists.
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The author refers to the concept of ‘tourism space’ published earlier, and confronts this notion with a definition of ‘urban space’, bearing in mind that both these ‘spaces’ are subspaces of general ‘geographical space’. Assuming that each is distinguished on the basis of differing criteria, the author believes that the tourism function which gives rise to ‘tourism space’ can develop within ‘urban space’. Further on, the formulation of a precise definition of urban ‘tourism exploration space’ is focused on, which is understood as a personal space of created in the discovery of a city. The conclusion includes three case studies of urban ‘tourism exploration space’ in Łódź: Bidermann family properties, Piotrkowska courtyards and the ‘Green Ring of Tradition and Culture’.
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The author attempts to define the term ‘tourism landscape’. It is treated as an important attribute of tourism space therefore, apart from its definition, the author presents its characteristic features and various types of such spaces with differing tourism landscapes. The landscapes of tourism space are treated not only as tourism assets or attractions, but also as the consequences of tourism activity on the natural and cultural environment.
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This article indicates optimal local, social, economic and geographical relationships contributing to the effective implementation of hotel investment as a part of rural area revitalisation. This will be undertaken through the case studies of four hotels functioning in revitalized historical buildings in the rural areas of Pomerania Province. A ‘multiple case study’ will be performed based on the following methods: 1) the desk study of the data concerning the activity of the hotels; 2) a micro- and meso-scale cartographic inventory; 3) structured individual in-depth interviews with hotel owners and managers, as well as with the authorities and officials responsible for the promotion of the communes where the hotels are situated.
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The author’s aim is to identify changes in the rate, intensity and direction of hotel development, as well as their number, type and capacity of in Poland, by category and province in 1990-2015. The objective is to define the influence of both tourism attractiveness and economic development factors (GNP, total capital expenditure, the value of gross fixed capital formation – GFCF) on the changing number of hotel rooms. The identification was based on commonly available materials provided by the Local Data Base (LDB) of the Central Statistical Office (CSO), as well as from statistical year books concerning the tourism sector. The article presents methods for analysing indices, as well as correlation and graphic presentation (graphs, maps). From 1990 to 2015, there was a rapid increase in the number and capacity of hotels in Poland (4.5 times), especially in higher (5* and 4*) and medium standard (3*) hotels. That increase was significantly diversified regionally and strongly depended on the tourism attractiveness and socioeconomic development of provinces.
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Study of the Soviet power is a rather relevant task, because it allows revealing the details of its history, which were unknown before. The objective of the paper is in characterizing the Soviet power and the hidden policy of both neocolonialism and totalitarianism. As a result, it has been stated that before the Soviets of different levels were formed, the party had been able to accumulate the experience of organizational work, had created viable structures based on strict discipline and absolute objection of the subordinate organizations to the superior bodies. This experience was transferred to the activities of the Soviets. It has been defined that the party acted as an external force over the society and the state, which caused the loss by the U. S. S. R. of its sovereignty and its transformation into the weapon of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The directives and recommendations of the party, despite their unlawful character, had a special force to make follow them.
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Migration flows have an impact on the ethnic, demographic, religious, linguistic, political, socio-economic situation both in a single country and outside it in larger geopolitical entities. Modern ethno-linguistic processes both at the global and state and regional levels proceed against the background of intensification of migration processes in the situation of unification of the world socio-economic, cultural and political space, which is typical for the current stage of the development of society, in its electronic-digital stage. We are faced with the huge space of a new resettlement of peoples, which inevitably entails a wide variety of transformations both among migrants and among the host community. The problem of migration processes has long been of interest to researchers in various aspects. The methodology of the migration research traditionally refers to psychology and economics. At the same time, we must recognize that the problem of migration and migrants is much deeper; it penetrates into the linguistic picture of the world, transforming the linguistic identity of the migrant as such, as a result of which the geopolitical map of the world is changing. Since the second half of the 20th century and already in the second decade of the 21st century, mankind has become not only a witness, but also an active participant in the irresistible force of the processes of globalization and migration that have literally enveloped all spheres of social life and create a global system of interdependence of countries and peoples of the world. At the same time, globalization itself, combined with rapid changes in political and economic systems, contributes to a sharp intensification of various ethno-social deviations, including in the field of intercultural communication, which forms a new migration and ethno-linguistic situation in the world.
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This article explores ways of creating ethnocultural public spaces. It takes a different approach to the definition of ethnocultural images and offers a creative solution. Folk traditions are considered as the baseline for the development of ethnocultural spaces.
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