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Sceny strachu, czyli lazzi di paura w komedii dell’arte

Author(s): Jolanta Dygul / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2022

Lazzo is a short scene of a comic nature that can be compared to a modern-day gag. Italian actors had various categories of such scenes in their repertoires (mimic-gestual, acrobatic, verbal or mixed). Such a ready-made stage sequence was suitable for editing into various plots. The purpose of this paper is to analyze scenes of fear in selected scenarios dell’arte. To illustrate the variety of fear scenes improvised by Italian actors, four scenarios were chosen to adapt a single literary text, Calderón de la Barca’s La dama duende, a very popular work in the 17th and 18th centuries (La Dame Diablesse, manuscript from the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris; La dama Demonio, manuscript from the collection of the Vatican Library; La dama creduta spirito folletto from the Neapolitan collection; La dama demonio e la serva diavolo from the collection of arguments of the court of August III).

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The impact of the Arabian Nights in Modern Egyptian narration: Mahfouz’s Arabian Nights and Days as a Case Study

Author(s): Sherif Elgayyar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The Arabian Nights were passed orally for long eras, long before they were written down; the collective sense, through several anonymous narrators, developed them: changing, modifying, omitting and adding to this oral discourse. All for the purpose of entertaining the public according the spirit of the age and the socio-cultural contexts, afterwards, it was recorded in different versions, as diverse as their sources, up until the landmark version, namely the one printed in Bulak, Egypt in 1835.The West is to be commended on paying attention to the significance of The Arabian Nights, academically and creatively, before its original-home, especially since it was later translated to many languages. After French orientalist Antoine Galland (1646 - 1715) translated into French between 1704 and 1713 a third of the manuscript he had brought from the Orient.This study delves into “The Impact of The Arabian Nights on Modern Egyptian Narration”. The researcher tries to point out how Egyptian writers were inspired by the classic text by examining Naguib Mahfouz's Arabian Nights and Days (Layālī alf laylah) as a case study. An analytic, text-based approach was used to detect the intertextual interaction between the classic and the modern, and to explore how classical elements and connotations were employed within the modern text.

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Postmodern and postcolonial elements in Leonard Cohen`s oeuvre

Author(s): Karolina Adamskich / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The article, apart from examining briefly the reception of Leonard Cohen`s art and persona by the critics, presents him also as a writer preoccupied with ethical issues. It will be demonstrated that, along with creating his own eclectic spiritual system by synthesizing elements borrowed from different religions and wisdom traditions, Cohen has been also influenced by the socio-political situation in Canada and worldwide. Hence, Cohen`s art will be discussed in relation to the post-Holocaust reality, the Quiet Revolution in Quebec, the sexual liberation, the process of Canada becoming a “postmodern country”, as well as cultural changes, such as the shifting position of the popular culture. The article aims also at highlighting the postcolonial and postmodern elements in Cohen`s oeuvre, inasmuch as Cohen has been argued to be one of the first Canadian representatives of these literary trends.

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Critical Analysis of the Interwoven Ideologies Embedded in American Picture Books About Taiwanese Children

Author(s): HsingJung Chen,Eun Hye Son / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

As children’s worldview is shaped through books, the ideologies embedded in readings influence young readers’ values and beliefs. There are very limited representations of Taiwanese protagonists and their culture in the mainstream book market of the United States. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine the portrayal of Taiwanese children and culture in five picture books published in the US: Livia Blackburne’s I Dream of Popo (2021), Alan Woo’s Maggie’s Chopsticks (2015), Belle Yang’s Hannah is My Name (2008), Grace Lin’s The Ugly Vegetables (1999), and Yi Ling Hsu’s Typhoon Holidays (2015). To deeply analyse the textual and non-textual content of these picture books, the paper employs the theoretical framework of ideology and Orientalism, which is detailed in such patterns as characters, relationships, interactions, conflicts, and problem solutions in the stories. The authors of the study argue that the interwoven ideologies of gender roles, capitalism, and patriarchy implicitly exercise power over the young protagonists of the works examined. Moreover, the child characters are treated as ‘obedient others’ by the adults and dominant Western culture.

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Pamiątki, talizmany, towarzysze podróży... – szkic o istocie rzeczy w historiach małych migrantów na wybranych przykładach z polskiej literatury dziecięcej

Author(s): Klaudia Mucha-Iwaniczko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

Things play an important role in the multicultural world – for example, they are indispensable element of migration. Moreover, their presence or absence becomes an important aspect of literary analysis – after all, they affect the fate of characters and sometimes they become characters themselves. Therefore, the author of the article considers selected examples from children’s literature – Wysiedleni [The Displaced] by Dorota Combrzyńska-Nogala (2018), Moje Bullerbyn [My Bullerbyn] and Teraz tu jest nasz dom [This Is Our Home Now] by Barbara Gawryluk (2010, 2016), Kota, który zgubił dom [The Cat that Lost His Home] by Ewa Nowak (2016), and Hebanowe serce [Ebony Heart] by Renata Piątkowska (2016) – through the lens of the anthropology of things. She analyses the impact of the presence of things in a text from the perspective of migration experiences, indicating the functions they play in the lives of young people living in a multicultural world.

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Wielokulturowe dzieciństwo w Arabie przyszłości Riada Sattoufa

Author(s): Joanna Kierska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The subject of this article is Riad Sattouf’s multi-volume autobiographical graphic novel The Arab of the Future (2014– ), the author’s account of his childhood spent in a mixed family and two different countries and cultures, Syrian and French. The first part of the paper reflects on the concepts of narrative identity and Otherness, including the Otherness of the child, in the context of the ‘redrawn,’ double narrative characteristic of the autobiographical graphic novel. The second part examines how Sattouf employs the form of a comic book, first to define his identity by creating a coherent narrative, and second, to tell the reader about his experience of the Otherness related to growing up in two different cultures

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Достоевский и Аполлон Григорьев (художественные воплощения, трансформация и переоценка русского почвенничества)

Author(s): Sergey A. Kibalnik / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2022

The article develops the hypothesis set forth by Boris Egorov, a famous researcher of the work of Dostoevsky and Ap. Grigoriev, which claims that “some of the remarks and character traits of Mitya Karamazov are reminiscent of Grigoriev’s,” and also considers the assumption made by Vladimir Tunimanov about “closeness, partially turning into congeniality” of the “artistic natures of the two principal writers of the soil.” The presence in the work of Dostoevsky of other echoes or “shadows” of Grigoriev’s personality, both serious and caricature, is also discussed. Particular attention is paid to the nature of the problematization and even refutation of “pochvennichestvo” in Dostoevsky’s late works. Thus, in “The Brothers Karamazov,” “pochvennichestvo” is more likely to be refuted, both in the image of Dmitry Karamazov and in the whole structure of the novel. The socio-political illusions regarding if not the Russian people, then at least the Russian peasantry, have already been ultimately exposed, not by Dostoevsky, but by his closest “secret student” and at the same time, as is typical for such cases, by the debunker Chekhov (and subsequently by Bunin). Dostoevsky maintained a closeness to Grigoriev until the end of his life in his commitment to the ideal of “living life,” which resounds both in the fiery declarations of the “ridiculous man,” and in the wise precepts of the elder Zosima, as well as loyalty to the “people’s truth” discovered by Grigoriev in the works of Pushkin.

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Тюркская "кукушка" в олонхо: трансформации и рудименты

Author(s): Sakhaya D. L’vova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2023

The article is devoted to the image of cuckoo in the Yakut Olonkho in comparison with the materials of the Altai, Khakas, Shorian and Tuvan epics. In total, 58 Yakut epic texts, including early records of the Olonkho of the 19th - early 20th centuries were analyzed. It is established that while in Turkic folklore the semantics of the image of the cuckoo was ambivalent on the whole, the epic mostly reflects a favourable or neutral attitude to this bird. In positive connotations, the “cuckoo” is more represented as a harbinger of well-being and prosperity. It was also revealed that the comparison “cuckoo the size of a horse᾽s head” previously functioned in all five examined epics; the Altai, Khakas, Shorian and Tuvan epics represented the “golden cuckoo” and the Yakut Olonkho — the “sonorously talking cuckoo”. Hence, the Yakut epic Olonkho could separate from the general, pro-Turkic epic before the development of the “gold cult,” and the earliest variant of the image of the Turkic cuckoo was preserved in it. Five main stable formulas containing the image of the cuckoo have been found in the Yakut epic tradition. All of them have positive connotations: the cuckoo appears as a symbol of eternal summer and prosperity; as a symbol of fertility; as a soothsayer preventing misfortune. The structural variants under the general concept of “the cuckoo-udaganka” represent this bird as a translator between the world of people and the supreme protective deity of the Yakuts, Yuryung Aar Toyon, thus the image of the cuckoo is closely associated with the image of a white sounorous-voiced udaganka. Also distinguished is a group of semantically heterogeneous constructions of the later period (post-1932), most of them with negative connotations, influenced by shamanism, folk omens and beliefs. Thus, the key role in the formation of the Yakut version of the cuckoo image was played by the Udagan culture, and at a later stage certain transformations were introduced by shamanism.

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A költészet határterületei

Author(s): Imre József Balázs / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 06/2023

The author explores the margins of poetry, beyond its written aspects, highlighting its connections with beat culture and contemporary music culture. While presenting ten volumes dealing with this topic, the analysis refers to poems and performances by Amanda Gorman and János Arany, volumes dedicated to the history of beat, rock and hip hop culture, and also books concerning theories of poetry and of song lyrics.

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Garabonciásról, Kinde Annamáriáról, lázadásról, dalszövegekről. Egy Csutak Istvánnal folytatott beszélgetés konklúziói

Author(s): Ilona Szabó / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 06/2023

Based on an interview with beat musician István Csutak, the author reconstructs the cultural field of the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on the possibilities of minority country rock bands like Timișoara-based Garabonciás to express their views of life in the context of state socialist censorship. The song lyrics discussed in the article were written by Annamária Kinde, who pursued after 1990 a successful artistic career as a poet.

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Of Wastelands and Ecopoetics. An Ecocritical Reading of T. S. Eliot’s Poetry.

Author(s): Houneida Benmahidi,Fatima Bessedik / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2023

This article is an ecocritical study of three of T. S. Eliot’s most notable works:“The Waste Land”, “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”, and “The Hollow Men”. The poems are analyzed in detail and in relation with one another to highlight Eliot’s understanding of man’s relationship with nature through an elemental, ecomythical, and ecoreligious study. The article pursues a pattern in Eliot’s writing of a Man-Nature relationship as it focuses on the ways in which nature interacts with and influences man’s life, emotions, and faith.

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British Travelers and British Travel Writing. An Overview to British Travelers Visiting Albania in the First Half of 19th Century

Author(s): Dalila Karakaci / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2023

The Grand Tour played an important role in the education of the aristocratic British youth. Several requirements served for its classical qualification. The Tour lasted from some months to some years. Travelers’ individual choices, spread of diseases, priority to special places, as well as historical events shaped the travel plan. The Tour changed its classical denotation in the 19th century, reflecting a radical social transformation in the British society. The middle class would be engaged in travelling beyond the borders of the British territory. The Romantic traveler of the 19th century differers from the classic traveler of the Grand Tour, stressing heroism and bravery, avoiding scenic descriptions. These travelers resembled the explorer. A term introduced by the Romantics. The dense narrative produced in this period would permit the British public to become familiar with unalike people, experiences, and lands. There are five travellers that visited the Albanian land in the first half of 19th century, during British Romanticims. Dodwell, Hughes, Martin Leake, Urquhart and Best published works mentioning the Albania theme, people, culture, nature, geography. Dodwell’s work is significant because of classical archeology. T.S. Hughes gives information about Ali Pasha and his mystical figure. Topographical data on the Albanian population, customs, and traditions are introduced in Leake’s book. Urquhart looks at the Orient from a philosophical viewpoint. A work about hunting, natural beauty, customs, traditions is written by Best. Therefore, their books give essential information about the country in the first half of this century.

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Illusion and Compensation: Heterotopic Aspects of Gated Communities in J. G. Ballard’s Fiction

Author(s): Marcin Tereszewski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Gated communities have come to mean more than simple building structures and their predominantly negative cultural representation has become somewhat of a commonplace trope in literature and urban studies. This paper sets out to explore the assumptions underpinning the overwhelmingly dystopian representations of gated communities in literature and culture. This inquiry will be carried out with reference to J. G. Ballard’s depictions of gated communities in his later work, particularly in Cocaine Nights (1996) and Super Cannes (2000) and will be carried out within the context of Michel Foucault’s concept of heterotopia. It will be the contention of this paper that gated communities can also be construed as providing a heterotopic zone of subversive topography, which serves not to reinforce, but in fact challenge the dominant urban setting.

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Speculations on the Future of Economic Models in the Wake of Trans/Posthuman Sentient Evolution in Charles Stross’s SF Novel “Accelerando”

Author(s): Mariusz Marszalski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Economy, understood as a domain of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services, has been unquestionably comprehended as a social activity, the purpose of which is to satisfy ﬁrst of all vital material, but also immaterial, needs of the biological natural human being. Whatever the underlying ideology—whether protectionist mercantilism, the physiocrats’ laissez-faire policy, Adam Smith’s free-market capitalism, Karl Marx’s socialist economics, Keynesian state interventionism, or present day neoliberalism—economic considerations have been invariably driven by the fundamental problem of scarcity. The objective of the proposed paper is to present Charles Stross’s speculative predictions, made in his SF novel Accelerando, about the future of economic models in light of trans/posthuman evolution hailed by, among others, Ray Kurzweil, Max More, and Hans Moravec.

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Understanding Rivalry: Staging Jealousy in Karnad’s “Broken Images”

Author(s): Nithin Varghese,Suman Sigroha / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Acclaimed Kannada and English playwright, Girish Karnad’s play Broken Images focuses on human relationships and their intricacies, as well as on the relationship between languages. Outwardly, it addresses the sibling relationship and focuses on its destructive side. However, on a close reading, this monologue unfolds a series of diverse human relationships, viz., the relationship of the two sisters, Manjula and Malini; the husband-wife relationship between Manjula and Pramod; the camaraderie of Pramod and Malini; the friendship between Pramod and Lucy; and the amity between Lucy and Manjula. Besides these personal relationships, the play deals with and explores at length another important relationship, the one between two languages, one regional and one global, the legacy of the erstwhile colonizers. The relationship between Manjula and Malini acts as a metaphor for the mismatch and the hierarchy between regional language writers and Indian English writers on the Indian literary scene. This paper, therefore, examines the aforementioned human relationships in the play to reveal the motives behind the enmity and the causes which lead to sinful actions that remain invisible at all times, and in the process comments upon the relationship between diﬀerent language writers, as well as what leads to the formation of existing hierarchies. First, the paper investigates the sororal bond between Manjula and Malini; second, it examines the tripartite relationships and how the third party is perceived as a rival in the relationships of Manjula-Lucy-Pramod and Manjula-Malini-Pramod; and ﬁnally, it looks at the relationship that exists between the Bhasha writers and Indian English writers, and exposes the enmity in these relationships and its various causes.

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“An Unpleasant Book about Unpleasant Boys at an Unpleasant School”: Kipling’s Reshaping of the Victorian School Story in “Stalky & Co.”

Author(s): Ilona Dobosiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

“Slaves of the Lamp, Part One”—the first tale of Rudyard Kipling’s Stalky & Co.—was published in 1897, forty years after the publication of Thomas Hughes’s Tom Brown’s Schooldays, a book that created a pattern followed by other practitioners of the school-story genre. The aim of the following paper is to discuss the ways in which Kipling challenged the established conventions of the Victorian school story. In contrast to his predecessors, Kipling did not set his tales in an old, established public school; he questioned the importance of sports and games in developing manly character; and refused to idolize the school traditions. His protagonists rebel against authority and do not follow the rules, but are intent on the pursuing their own interests and pleasures, and do not hesitate to venture out to explore and appropriate for themselves new spaces outside of school boundaries. An important feature of Stalky & Co. is its rejection of anti-intellectualism that characterizes many Victorian school stories. Stalky & Co. abounds in literary allusions, the protagonists are voracious readers; moreover, reading and writing are represented as essential parts of the process by which cultural maturity and authority are attained.

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Del sentir retrospectivo: afectos y memoria LGTBQ en el Diario íntimo (1919–1921) de Emilio Prados

Author(s): Enrique Álvarez / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2021

The Intimate Diary by Emilio Prados has been read in accordance with biographical information about the emotional and affective evolution experienced by its author. This evidence has been particularly relevant concerning his friendship with Federico García Lorca at Madrid’s prestigious Students’ Residence, probably in the school year of 1919-1920. However, explicit comments about an inadequate selfhood, characterized by feelings of alienation, failure, isolation, regret and arrested development, overflow the pages of Prados’ Diary. This emotional and affective excess in the construction of Prados’ adolescent subjectivity is decisive in the documentation of the LGBTQ experience in Spanish Peninsular culture. I ground this argument in the intervention of autobiographical self-consciousness in the construction of modern subjectivities, as well as in the transformational effects of vital impulses that have not yet been organized into social movements.

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El amor exotizado: Tobeyo o del amor de Gil-Albert y la orientalización de México

Author(s): José Antonio Ramos Arteaga / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2021

The last work of Juan Gil-Albert, Tobeyo o del amor. Homenaje a México published in 1990 recovers a sentimental episode lived with a young Mexican during his exile. This article aims to analyze this episode and its uniqueness within the reflection on homoeroticism that runs through his oeuvre. Starting from the commentary on the novel and the comparison with other love fictions, the paper studies a topic little covered in the approaches to his theory of homosexual love: the racialization. The paper shows that in Tobeyo—despite the solid culturalist meditation on this relationship—there is a process of exoticization of the protagonist that responds to a Eurocentric and colonial vision of the indigenous body.

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Lorca yel flamenco

Author(s): Jonathan Mayhew / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2022

The relation between Federico García Lorca and flamenco is a complex one, despite the fact that Lorca’s identification with this music is almost a cliché in Lorca studies. The central contradiction is that flamenco musicians, when they approach Lorca’s work are often attracted to its avantgardefeature, and are less interested in Lorca’s own engagement with the cante jondo. The reason for this is the lack of symmetry between two distinct phenomena: on the one hand, the defense of flamenco among intellectuals, on the other hand, the prominent role of canonical poetry in thecontemporary cante.

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Mujeres ala luz del pensamiento nacional: un viaje através de la creación transcultural de Sofía Casanova Lutosławska

Author(s): Maria Filipowicz-Rudek / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2022

The life and work of Sofía Casanova Lutosławska (born in A Coruña, 1861, died in Poznań, 1958) not only coincides with the flowering of thought about national identity, but also with a particular moment in the history of the writer’s two homelands, in which national ist ideologies were beginning to bring painful consequences. The political enthusiasm of the Spanish-Polish intellectual, the weight of the right-wing inclinations attributed to her, are not purely black and white, nor is the criticism about the position and role of women in the world contemporary to the writer. The article offers a cross-cultural contextualization and interpretation of the most interesting passages within Casanova’s varied work (her prose, her journalism, her translations), in which the theme of women comes to the fore. The tension between Polish aspirations of national liberation at the end of the Partition era, in which Casanova was involved through her husband, and the women’s emancipation movements with which she had direct contact, brought an interesting perspective to her thinking. The article, which looks for the possible inspirations of Sofía Casanova’s writing and its connection with the thought contemporary discourse on femininity, underlines the autonomous character of her work, which draws energy from the transcultural condition.

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