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Jan Doktór - David Biale (red.), Kultury żydów. Nowa Historia. t. 2: Barwy diaspory; Hanna Kozińska-Witt - Alicja Maślak-Maciejewska, Modlili się w Templu. Krakowscy Żydzi postępowi w XIX wieku. Studium społeczno-religijne; Aryeh M. Krawczyk - Bruce Rosenstock, Transfinite Life – Oskar Goldberg and the Vitalist Imagination; Aleksander Kwiatkowski - Maurizio Cinquegrani, Journey to Poland. Documentary landscapes of the Holocaust
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The text analyses the description of a solidus presenting Constantine the Great engrossed in prayer. According to the author of the report, presenting the emperor with the uplifted eyes was meant to prove his piety. Numerous variants of solidi described by the author Vita Constantini (IV, 15), have survived to the present day. Identical image of the reverse was also minted on emperor Constantine’s bronze coins, as well as bronze and silver coins of his sons and cousin. When analysing iconography of coinage, one should also take into consideration the image of the reverse, which supplements the propaganda message revealed on the obverse. In the case of the described solidus, the imagery is not only of religious nature but it shows also the military power of the Roman Empire. The imaging described by Eusebius of Caesarea was no novelty in ancient numismatics. It drew upon the depiction of Alexander the Great and some other Hellenic kings, who claimed the right to rule in the East. It is no different in the case of the analysed portrayal of the emperor Constantine. It is shown on the coins issued after 324, when the emperor, having defeated Licinius, had to face the Persian threat. One of the elements of this policy was portraying himself, his sons (Constantine, Constantius and Constans) and nephew (Delmatius) as “new Alexanders”. Analysing the above description, the author of the article also points to the erratic translation of the text into Polish and into others modern languages (German and French). The source of the mistake probably was the interference of the Latin translation as found in Patrologia Graeca.
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This article concerns the newest monograph on cursus publicus by a German author, Lukas Lemcke. The author concentrated on the history of the Roman post in the 3rd and 4th century A.D., as that was a period of breakthrough not onl in the history of the Roman Empire, but the Roman post as such. Unlike an eminent German historian from the 19th/20th century, Otto Seeck, and other authors, Lemcke proposes taking a fresh look at the Roman postal services, arguing that it remained effective at least until the end of the 4th century, adapting to the changing needs of the Roman state. In the article, I claim, however, that a number of theses proposed by Lemcke has been present in scientific circulation for years.
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The aim of the article is to examine the phenomenon of Spartan hippotrophia, focusing on three issues: participation of Spartan men and women in horse racing (hippikoi agones), organization of breeding (costs, types of horses, infrastructure) and social implications of horse breeding in the Lacedaemonian state of the classical era. Preserved source material indicates that it enjoyed popularity among Spartan elite, allowing them to manifest their status and giving the opportunity to make political capital. Analysis of the case of Cynisca, the first woman who reached for the Olympic laurels, shows well the links between breeding and politics.
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The article presents the influence of Jerzy Maternicki’s works on the development of contemporary Ukrainian historiography. The Author has analyzed a number of works by Ukrainian historians who refer in their research to his studies. She showed a significant influence of Jerzy Maternicki on strengthening Polish-Ukrainian scientific contacts.
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This paper presents a short overview of the history of statistics in Poland. The most significant books published during XIX century are briefly described. Organization and publications concerning the official statistics are beyond the scope of this paper. A critical description of the existing polish literature concerning the history of statistics is also included into this paper.
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The paper presents main scientific achievements of Polish statisticians conducting research in economic sciences. Two periods are distinguished: before and after 1945. Analysis for the second period is conducted in the framework of classification into several research areas.
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The article presents the collaboration between Statistics Poland (GUS) and the Institute of Social Economy (IGS) in the field of social research in the period of the Second Polish Republic. On the basis of historical sources and studies it was possible to determine the scope of research undertaken by both institutions in this field and the way of organisation of their joint projects, the most important of which was the household budget survey. The smooth cooperation between the IGS and Statistics Poland was possible mostly thanks to the fact that a significant part of Statistics Poland’s managerial and research teams worked for IGS. The collaboration between both institutions yielded over one hundred publications, a majority of which concerned the social situation in Poland.
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