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The image of Gotse Delchev is among the most recognizable in Bulgarian history, which is why talking and writing about him is both very easy and very difficult. The descriptions of the contemporaries about the external, physical appearance of the Apostle of Macedonia and about his inner, spiritual world, coincide almost completely. Above all, Gotse Delchev deserves to remain as he was remembered by the people who left testimonies about him – perhaps the kindest revolutionary, the brightest image in the history of Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO), guardian of historical justice for Macedonian Bulgarians.
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Apart from the history of the Bulgarian national liberation struggles in Macedonia and the Adrianople region, Gotse Delchev deservedly remains in the history of Bulgarian education, enlightenment and spirituality. From the time he graduated from the military school until his transition into illegality, the only legal activity that Gotse Delchev performed was teaching. Therefore, we can rightfully place him in the ranks of prominent Bulgarian revivalists, in the ranks of people’s awakeners, in the ranks of Bulgarian teachers – revolutionaries along side Botev, Levski, Rakovski and Dame Gruev.
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The issue of Gotse Delchev ’s inclusion in IMARO’s disciplinary policy is part of a wider debate about the Committee’s purposeful attempts to infiltrate the daily lives of its members, primarily the Bulgarian population in the Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace regions of the Ottoman Empire. This policy was important for IMARO from the point of view of expediency and raising its authority. G. Delchev showed an attitude towards the innovations that the Organization imposed in the field of revolutionary justice, education and morality. All these components were subordinated to the revolutionary purposefulness, on the one hand, and to the desire to cultivate a new civilized social order, on the other.
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Based on a specific case, Gotse Delchev’ s desire to expand, even at the cost of certain compromises, the organizational base and influence of IMARO is shown. Although the head of the Detachment Institute (the paramilitary structure of the Internal Organization), in his personal practice Delchev considered violence as a last resort and usually refrained from it. This significantly distinguishes him from the other combat leaders of IMARO.
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The article examines the image of Gotse Delchev in two books by Yavorov – the biography “Gotse Delchev” (1904) and the memoir “Haidushki kopneniya” (1909). The main idea is related to the change in language and narration from the first book to the second. Memoirs have artistic power – accordingly, the image of Gotse Delchev has a fictional value. This book of memoirs has a novel energy – both in terms of the construction of the images and in the way the artistic whole is composed.
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The article analyzes the first program documents of IMARO (Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization) – the statutes and regulations of BMARC (Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees) from 1896 and the statutes and regulations of SMARO (Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization)from 1902. Their continuity with the normative base of the Internal Revolutionary Organization (IRO) before the Liberation of Bulgaria (1878) and with the revolutionary formations in the period1878 – 1893 is examined. A parallel is also drawn with the Statutes of the Macedonian-Adrianople Organization (MAO) in the Principality of Bulgaria. The main emphasis is placed on the participation of Gotse Delchev in the preparation of the program documents of the Internal Organization, as well as his diverse activities during this period.
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The paper presents the historical development and the huge contribution of the Department of Pediatrics at the Medical University of Sofia and its first leader - Prof. S Vatev for the development of pediatrics and children’s healthcare in Bulgaria. The main scientific fields in the research and clinical activities of the numerous collaborators of the Department are outlined.
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The study examines a very pronounced social phenomenon in the Republic of North Macedonia – Bulgarophobia and hate speech towards Bulgarians and Bulgaria. The main characteristics of Bulgarophobiain the context of contemporary Macedonian ethnocentrism and the process through which they were formed and manifested in the Republic of North Macedonia have been researched. Specific cases of Bulgarophobia in 2021 are presented and discussed.
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The study examines a very pronounced social phenomenon in the Republic of North Macedonia – Bulgarophobia and hate speech towards Bulgarians and Bulgaria. The main characteristics of Bulgarophobiain the context of contemporary Macedonian ethnocentrism and the process through which they were formed and manifested in the Republic of North Macedonia have been researched. Specific cases of Bulgarophobia in 2021 are presented and discussed.
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