ИЗБОРИ И ПРЕСТЪПЛЕНИЯ ВЪВ ВОТА ЗА ШЕСТОТО ВЕЛИКО НАРОДНО СЪБРАНИЕ ПРЕЗ 1946 г.

Author(s): Todor Galounov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

In the fall of 1946 in Bulgaria are held the elections for the Sixth Grand National Assembly. In his vote are fighting government of the Fatherland Front and the opposition grouped around BANU “Nikola Petkov” and Bulgarian Workers’ Social Democratic Party (United). The political campaign is replete with numerous violations – creating unfair conditions for electoral competition, threats, violence, replacement of the vote, murders. Elections hold the sad record for most killed and abused citizens. The paradox is that these were the last elections which allowed some pluralism. Part of the deputies failed to finnish their mandate and opposition leader Nikola Petkov was sentenced and executed. In the next 44 years in Bulgaria there are no longer held even minimum imitations of pluralistic vote.

Отзив за: Татяна Димитрова. Диктатурата на генерал Примо де Ривера: крачка назад по пътя към демокрацията. Велико Търново, 2015

Author(s): Gergana Aleksieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

ПОГЛЕД ВЪРХУ СОЦИАЛНИЯ ПРОФИЛ НА ОСМАНСКИЯ ПРОВИНЦИАЛЕН УПРАВИТЕЛ (ПО ПРИМЕРА НА ЕЯЛЕТ РУМЕЛИЯ ОТ КРАЯ НА XVIII И НАЧАЛОТО НА XIX ВЕК)

Author(s): Gergana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The Ottoman administrative and governing system is an important part of the history of the Balkans. For several centuries the representatives of the Ottoman elite influenced the history and everyday life in the Balkans. Decisions they made affected both public and political life of the provinces. Therefore, this study aims to outline the main features and characteristics of the Ottoman provincial governors (valis) focusing on a specific period of time. Hopefully, the presented biographies will reveal the profile of the Rumeli governor and details of its activities: the methods of his governing and ways of decision-making. The period of investigation presents the endpoint of the pre-modern period in the Ottoman Empire, when the administrative and governing systems were in their final stage of development, marked by the decentralization, just before they were replaced by the European-influenced state model.

Опити за възобновяване на Охридската архиепископия през последната третина на XIX век

Author(s): Yosif Metropolitan of Tetovo and Gostivar / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The article discusses the various attempts to restablish the Archbishopric of Ohrid (Achrida) over the last three decades of the 19th century. The problem of the resurgence of the Archbishopric of Ohrid was originally placed within the framework of the Bulgarian church-national question and the movement for the establishment of a Bulgarian church independent of Patriarchy in Constantinople. After the creation of the Bulgarian Exarchate and on the suggestion of the prominent Ottoman statesman Mithad Pasha, the first solitary attempts to resume the Ohrid Archbishopric as a separate church, independent of the Patriarchate of Constantinople and the Bulgarian Exarchate, began.A very characteristic feature of the movement for revival of the Archbishopric of Ohrid during the period under consideration is that it is strongly linked to the idea of recognizing the primacy of the pope and the movement to conclude a church union with the Roman Catholic Church.This can be seen in perhaps the most significant experience in this respect – that of Metropolitan Theodosius Gologanov in 1891.

The Radish (Raphanus L.) in selected Sources from Antiquity and the Byzantine Period

Author(s): Maciej Kokoszko,Krzysztof Jagusiak,Jolanta Dybała / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The article deals with the role of radish (Raphanus L.) in ancient and Byzantine world. The study is based on selected sources written between 5th/4th c. BC and 7th c. AD. Among them authors analyzed medical treatises composed by anonymous Hippocratic author (5th/4th c. BC), Galen (2nd – 3rd c. AD), Oribasius (4th c. AD), Aetius of Amida (6th c. AD), and Paul of Aegina (7th c. AD), botanical works written by Theophrastus (4th c. BC) and Dioscurides (1st c. AD), and a treatise of different (literary, antiquarian, historical, culinary) character made by Athenaeus of Naucratis in 2nd c. AD. The vegetable under study was a common and cheap food in ancient and Byzantine times, known in many varieties and eaten often by the poorest part of society. It was also widely used by physicians in healing illnesses of different etiology, used its warming, drying and cathartic properties.

Язык кыпчаков: попытка исторической характеристики

Author(s): Yaroslav V. Pylypchuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2018

This article is dedicated to the history of Qipchaq language. In this paper analyzing the question whether it is possible to consider the Turkic language of «Codex Cumaniсus» were lanlguage of Qipchaqs in the IX–XIII centuries. Vocabulary of Makhmud al-Kashgari was the only one dictionary which remained Qipchaq language of 11th century. Qipchaq language, other than vocabulary in this dictionary, presents of anthroponyms and ethnonyms in historical sources from different countries. Qipchaq language of 9th–13th centuries should have been closer to Oghuz language.

За произхода на търновския митрополит Теофил I (преди 1527, 1528, 1530 – ?)

Author(s): Ivan Tyutyundhziev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The present article tries to elucidate the origins and activities of Theophilos I – an Archbishop of Tarnovo in the early 16th century. As a successor of the Tarnovo Patriarchate, which had existed before the Ottoman conquest of Bulgaria at the end of the 14th century, the city continued to play an important role in the Orthodox world. Therefore, Theophilos I took a very high position, which is obvious by the documents mentioning his name. Unfortunately, the information about him is scanty. There are few documents, found out mainly in the archives of the Mount Athos monasteries but they are limited to the period between 1527 and 1530. The origins of Theophilos is obscure. However, based on a new reading of an inscription in the monastery of Mylopotamos, where he had been a hieromonk prior to becoming an archbishop of Tarnovo, the author concludes that his native town was Arta in Epirus, Greece.

Вера Мутафчиева – явление в българската наука

Author(s): Krasimira Moutafova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The article is devoted to Vera Mutafchieva – a real phenomenon both in modern Bulgarian historical knowledge and literature. Her researches focused on the Ottoman period on which she published dozens of articles, studies, monographies in Bulgarian and European journals. Vera Mutafchieva is also an author of popular historical novels which were translated into many languages. The author of the article presents her development and contributions for the Bulgarian historical knowledge as her main scholarly theses are revealed.

Бележки за българо-византийските отношения по времето на хан Тервел

Author(s): Dimo Cheshmedzhiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

In the article the author makes an attempt to find answers to some controversial questions concerning Khan Tervel, such as when and under what circumstances his reign ended, who was his successor, what was the Bulgarian participation in the coup d’etat attempt in Byzantium in 718. Based on the main sources for the period and the studies of Bulgarian and foreign historians, the author presents different opinions and throws light on those questions which are examined in the context of the relations between Bulgaria and Byzantium.

Пленниците в българо-византийските отношения през VIII в.

Author(s): Yanko Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Not surprisingly, one can say that without attention to the captivity and the fate of prisoners of war studies concerning relations between Bulgarian khanate and Byzantine Empire hardly would have achieved considerable accomplishment. Along with this, however, as regards the monitoring of aspects about the fate of the war-captives in the VIII century it looks as if there are enough things to add. The very moment of those caught up in enemy’s hands, apart from not such a large number of references in early medieval written sources, is usually passed by. Such a condition of the historical database must have been taken into consideration in an effort to explore the issue of war-captives in struggles between Byzantium and Bulgaria at all. Despite the obstacle and difficulties an attempt to explore the issues of war-captives’ fate is motivated by the pulse, dynamics and changes or military successes and failures during the turbulent Byzantino-Bulgarian relations of the Early Medieval epoch.

Още веднъж за Роман Воила – един ромейски аристократ от български произход в борба за престола в Константинопол

Author(s): Simeon Antonov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The 11th c. saw the rise of many men of relatively humble origin to the peaks of imperial power. One of them was Romanos Boïlas, Emperor Konstantinos IX Monomachos’ personal favourite, who almost succeeded in becoming his murderer and successor at the throne. He was certainly a man of some influence, even though it did not last for long. However, our sources for this character are rather biased and unreliable, which have long been ascertained by the scholars. Here we tried to give another insight into his personality, while, at the same time, offering some reasonable explanations for the bias of the Byzantine historians. For this purpose, an attempt is made to establish the correlations between their narratives. The conclusions concern the way Michael Psellos described his anonymous character, which greatly affected his later colleagues.

Rec. ad: David Nicolle. Cross and Crescent in the Balkans: The Ottoman Conquest of Southeastern Europe. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, England: Pen and Sword Books Ltd., 2010. 256 pp.

Author(s): Peter Benbow / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Архиепископските църковно-народни събори на Македонската православна църква, проведени в периода от 1968 до 1977 година

Author(s): Metropolitan of Tetovo and Gostivar Yosif / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

mmediately after the proclamation of the autocephaly of the Macedonian Orthodox Church (MOC) atthe Third Macedonian Church and People’s Council in Ohrid in 1967, in 1968, the Fourth Macedonian Church and People’s Council took place. In the years that followed, the Macedonian Orthodox Church did not hold a new churchpeople’s council. She did it only in October 1974 when the Fifth Macedonian Church and People’s Council was convened. After three years of that Council, in December 1977 the Sixth Macedonian Church and People’s Council of the Macedonian Orthodox Church was held. It is in the content of this paper that the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Macedonian ecclesiastical gatherings, i.e. the councils held in the period after the proclamation of autocephaly and in the years from 1968 to 1980, will be covered.

Варненската митрополия в историографските проучвания

Author(s): Ivan Tyutyundhziev,Nevyan Mitev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The Ecclesiastical work in Varna started during the Late Antiquity when the Ancient city of Odessosbecame a bishopric centre and later on a metropolitan archdiocese. There is no explicit data that during the First Bulgarian state the city was a seat of a high clergyman. In the period 13th–14th century, Varna established itself as one of the most important cities in the country and a metropolitan archdiocese. The Ottoman invasion and the fact that the city was captured by the Turks didn’t influence upon the strategic significance of the city, which remained a metropolitan archdiocese during the whole Ottoman period. The eparchy of Varna and Veliki Preslav has been one of the biggestspiritual centres in the Bulgarian lands since the Liberation in 1878 up to nowadays. The institution that has been in existence for more than thousand years and its importance, requires a significant work on its history to be written. Currently, some attempts for fractional studies have been made, but still there is no common research on the history of the institution. The presented historiographical review in this research doesn’t pretend to be comprehensive. The most important researches on the development and the role of the metropolitan archdiocese of Varna during the centuries and some other researches related to the topic are presented in the research. The basic problems which have occurred throughout the years have been dealt upon.

Списание „Епохи“ като трибуна на етноложките изследвания

Author(s): Mariya Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The article is dedicated to the 25th anniversary of the journal “Epochs” and to the published in it ethnological researches.

В памет на Пламен Събев (1960–2019)

Author(s): Nevena Nedelcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

„Османското присъствие“ в съвременните учебници по история – мит или реалност

Author(s): Yuliya Simeonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

During the last few years, an attempt has been made in Bulgarian society to impose the con-tention that the Ottoman period is represented in the school history and civilizations textbooks through the definition “Ottoman Presence”. The present article seeks to provide a scientifically grounded review of the educational documentation concerning school history education, and in particular the history textbooks, to ascertain whether such a definition is present or absent

Българският преход в съвременните учебници по история и цивилизации

Author(s): Yuliya Simeonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The purpose of the study is to analyze the period of the Bulgarian transition in the modern studentbooks of History and civilizations for the 10th grade on several aspects: significant accents, the ratio of politics-economy-society-culture, multifaceted perspectives. This will assess the ability of new generation textbooks to help understand and analyze current processes, to prepare young people for social adaptation and realization.

„Стари“/„нови“ селища и административни центрове в османското провинциално управление: Ала кинисе/Осман пазар и Хоталич/Серви (Селви) (по османски документи от XV–XVІІ век)

Author(s): Krasimira Mutafova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The study raises questions about the fate of the medieval Bulgarian fortresses and urban centers in the system of Ottoman provincial administration, which has repeatedly been discussed in Balkan and Ottoman studies. These debates are constantly related to the issues of continuity in the administration and ruling of the Bulgarian lands, evidenced in the territorial overlap of the medieval administrative structures with the new Ottoman ones, as well as in the names of the sanjaks, nahiyes and vilayets. One of the problems that is yet to be completely solved has to do with the medieval fortresses and settlements, registered with their pre-Ottoman names as important administrative centers in the system of Ottoman provincial administration (nahiyes, vilayets, kazas), but most likely destroyed during the conquest or earlier. New settlements are developing near them which have different names but the same administrative functions. Many of them are problematic to be localized, but for centuries, these “old” settlements and centers of power have been referred to in parallel with the “new” settlements as another name (nam-i diğer) for the respective administrative centers. The present study focuses on two of the examples of continuity and parallel designation of the “old”/“new” settlements – nahiye Ala Kinise (Kilisa)/ Osman Pazar and nahiye Hotaliç/ Servi (Selvi). These administrative-territorial units are typical of the Ottoman model of administration at local level, as well as regarding the presence of a particular continuity from the medieval Bulgarian state. The complex approach applied in the research and interpretation of the Ottoman register material allows us not only to trace the indications of continuity in the development of individual settlements, but also to understand the pre-Ottoman period of their existence within the medieval Bulgarian state. In a broader sense, it provides a real opportunity for a well-grounded reconstruction of the Ottoman model of power, demographic and economic control of the Bulgarian lands at local level.

Рим – империя на интегрираните елити

Author(s): Zhivko Zhekov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

One of the unique features of the Roman state-political model is the ability of Roman elites to integrate those of the conquered into their political, military, and social structures. This practice was unique for ancient societies and states, which, by conquering a territory, turn the conquered into a secondary social and economic factor that has no access to political and military power. The history of Rome is an example of how to build a powerful state through the constant gradual integration of conquered elites into institutions of power. The analysis of the policy pursued by the ruling Roman elite in relation to those conquered by the Romans shows that, over the centuries, they have followed the same political practice with varying intensity and some fluctuation. Roman history shows that, after a period of fierce military expansion and forcible subjugation, the Romans gradually shifted to a policy of integration, which in most cases was expressed in the gradual inclusion of local elites in the traditional Roman patron-client relations, and through them their involvement in Roman administrative and military institutions. After moving to live permanently in Rome, the most ambitious and intelligent representatives of these local elites gained access to Roman magistrates, and some of them even reached the highest Roman magistracies. In many cases, they even became one of the most influential politicians in ancient Rome during their time.