We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
This article discusses the battle of Podzvizd that took place on 9 July 1845 and is best known for its role in the biography of Josip Jelačić who, as the commander of the First Banal Regiment, initiated the campaign. Although amply recorded, this event has not been adequately explained and even some of the facts remain unclear. In this article, the battle of Podzvizd is treated primarily as a military history phenomenon and discussed employing the notions of guerrilla warfare (četovanje) and small war, usually used when describing border skirmishes. I am also trying to show that the emergence of this type of warfare on the Croatian-Bosnian border was a reflection of the total socio-economic and political circumstances. For this reason, I approach this war-related event from the standpoint of political history, looking at it through the prism of the relationship between the Viennese and Ottoman courts in the post-Napoleonic period, and also from the perspective of Croatian-Bosnian borderland as a space of specific socio-economic dynamics.
More...
In the tumultuous twentieth century, Croatian academia was marked by individuals who selflessly and systematically, with patriotic passion, dedicated themselves to the study of national history and tirelessly conveyed their knowledge to university students. Among them, Miho Barada (16 March 1889-9 July 1957) stands out as a churchman and an academic who devoted his life to spirituality and to historical research. He understood that the earliest Croatian history was a poorly documented and researched period. Barada was of Dalmatian origin, born during the Austrian administration in late nineteenth century in the family Giljanović, known as Barada. He was educated in Split, Zadar and Zagreb, and then in Rome, and this contributed to his maturation as an academic, and taught him how to think critically. He was no longer interested in facts only, but also in causes and consequences, the totality of events in a particular context, and this made possible for him to take a different, critical approach towards everything. In 1937, he was appointed full professor of church history at the School of Theology in Zagreb. He was also adjunct professor of auxiliary historical disciplines at the School of Arts and Humanities in Zagreb. When his teacher, Professor Ferdo Šišić, died in 1940, Barada got the opportunity to take over his Chair of National History and become a full-time university professor and researcher. In 1948, he became a corresponding member of JAZU (today HAZU). With his way of thinking, his approach to the archival sources and well-developed methods of analysis, writing and publication, he greatly contributed to and lefta major trace in Croatian historiography. His writings are essential sources for scholars of medieval history and they are regarded as foundations of Croatian medieval history. Barada reached new and clearer conclusions that did not always conform to established views, so he often engaged in polemics to defend his positions.With regard to his scholarly research, which for the most part focused on the Middle Ages, Barada was especially interested in Croatian nobility, feudal socioeconomic system, topography and old statutes and books of laws. His impeccable knowledge of medieval palaeography and Latin made his work easier. His bibliography includes original research articles, reviews, edited volumes and newspaper articles.
More...
In this article the author discusses the secondary school textbook Croatian history for the eighth grade of secondary schools Hrvatska povijest za 8. razred srednjih škola (volume I), the only synthetic piece authored by M. Barada. Other than Barada, the co-authors of this textbook were Lovre Katić and Jaroslav Šidak. Barada wrote the text on the Croatian history of the early modern period. This article uses several examples to analyze Barada’s interpretation of certain historical events, processes and open questions in the Croatian history. These interpretations directly contributed towards the originality, quality and authenticity of this synthesis and the textbook itself.
More...
Draž and Popovac, settlements in the northern part of southern Baranja, belonged to the manor of Belje. In 1789, both of these settlements were elevated to the status of parish centres. While the number of residents in each of these towns was similar, their ethnic composition differed. Namely, in both towns Catholic communities were ethnically homogenous, but in Draž in this period the Catholic population was exclusively Croatian, and in Popovac German. An analysis of records in parish baptismal registers of the parishes of Draž and Popovac for the period from the beginning of 1790 until the end of 1799 has shown that there were no significant differences among male and female names, except for somewhat stronger nominal entropy among female names, slightly more pronounced in Popovac. In this period, the parish baptismal register of the town of Draž recorded 39 different male and 27 different female names, while in Popovac there were 33 different male and 28 different female names. Ten most popular personal names in both towns included Ivan, Josip, Jakov and Nikola, while the only female name that appeared in both of the ‘top-ten’ lists was Katarina. All the names in parish baptismal registers were recorded in the contemporary official language, Latin; all of them were Christian names; and for the most part they were more or less common, widely used names from the New or Old Testament, of Latin, Greek or Hebrew origin. More importantly, in Popovac names of German origin prevailed, while German names are almost completely absent in Draž. In Popovac the second most popular male name was Josip, as a sign of respect for the saint to whom the local parish church was dedicated. In both Draž and Popovac in this period boys and girls were rarely named after saints who were celebrated on or near the day of their birth. Furthermore, few children in either of the villages were named after their parents. There was significant difference in traditions regarding naming children after their godparents. Namely, this tradition was not widespread in Draž, but in Popovac most children were named after their godparents.
More...
This article discusses the work of Miho Barada concerning collecting, transcribing and publishing Trogir documents from the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries (Trogirski spomenici, Trogir monuments). Trogir is one of the few Eastern Adriatic cities to preserve such early documents, which provide an inexhaustible source for the study of the medieval town and its social history. Published documents are not the only Barada’s legacy in the field of Trogir history. He also supervised transcription of the estate of the Trogir historian Ivan Lučić. These abundant archival sources that have been published and preserved thanks to Miho Barada’s efforts have only been partially explored. This article traces the use of these sources in the work of historians and art historians.
More...
The comparatively large number of surviving testaments written in late thirteenth and early fourteenth century, kept at State Archives in Dubrovnik within the Republic of Dubrovnik archival fund, is an inexhaustible source of research material for historians. Numerous authors have used these sources and, in doing so, applied a variety approaches. It may be said that testaments as private legal documents are among the best sources for study of economic, social, legal, cultural and spiritual life in medieval Dalmatian communes. In this short piece, I hope to demonstrate how a quantitative approach to the study of information contained in the testaments of contemporary Dubrovnik residents may be profitably used to elucidate not just economic and legal facts, but also certain social processes. The analysis focuses on a small sample of 132 testaments, of the total of over 900, from this period. The examined testaments are from the following years: 1295, 1296, 1325 and 1326. In some of the analyses, data from these testaments were compared with data from testaments recorded in 1348, the year of Black Death in Dubrovnik. While it is obvious that the sample is relatively small when compared with the total number of testaments kept in the Dubrovnik archives, this study has nonetheless revealed certain changes in the distribution of bequests over the examined time period. These results should not be regarded as ‘absolute’ but they do reflect certain social, economic and organizational trends in the contemporary Dubrovnik communal social system.
More...
For centuries Croatian shipbuilders and shipbuilding craftsmen were an important and characteristic element of the ‘Schiavon’ emigrant community in Venice. They worked in Venetian arsenal as well as numerous independent workshops, and contributed greatly to the economic and military-maritime power and reputation of Serenissima. When considering the activities of Croatian shipbuilders in Venice, oar and scull makers (remèri) should not be left out. Based on an analysis of sources from the State Archives in Venice (Records of Venetian Notaries - Testaments), Archives of the Confraternity of St George and Tryphon (Scuola degli Schiavoni) and the Statutes (Mariégola) of the Confraternity of Venetian oar makers, I discuss the main components of lives and careers of Croatian oar makers in Venice between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries. The article examines their immigration and first records in Venice, their places of origin and new residences, as well as their economic status and relationship with compatriots. Particular attention is paid to prominent Croatian oar makers, who were appointed to highest offices in the confraternity of Venetian oar and scull makers.
More...
Migrations from the Venetian to the Ottoman territory and conversions of Venetian subjects to Islam were commonplace in the eastern Adriatic in the sixteenth century and were thus one of the most important factors within the frame of Ottoman- Venetian relations. Main internal reasons for migrations and religious conversions were of economic, social, existential, material and personal nature, while external reasons were above all influenced by Ottoman-Venetian wars and Ottoman raids to the Venetian territory.
More...
The internal organization of medieval Vinodol urban settlements was determined by their historical function and spatial/topographic position on the late antique road leading from Trsat (antique Trsatica) to Senj (Antique Senia). Located at the borders of medieval Croatia, Vinodol retained its special status within the Kingdom until high Middle Ages, that is until its integration into the dukedom of Counts of Krk. Yet even then—as demonstrated by the Vinodol Codex—peculiarities of the internal organization of this microregion were hard to erase. It seems that it was precisely the interaction between the authority and the property that caused a rift between the new master and urban communities. The latter took great pains to preserve their idiosyncratic organization. Historians have debated the reasons for their uniqueness for many years. Some answers regarding the special features of Vinodol and its integration in Counts’ of Krk feudal dukedom may be offered by implementing Walter Christaller’s central place theory.
More...
The article explores difficult issues of efficient administration of the outlying districts of the Russian empire: Kingdom of Poland, Kazakhstan and Central Asia - in the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. The author presents local peculiarities of the territories and how the Russian administration got adjusted to them.
More...
The article discusses the national issue in the system of administration of the Russian empire in the beginning of the 20th century on the example of the Caucasian namestnichestvo (vice-regency). The author argues that specific autonomy of the Caucausian administration provided integrity of the state better than introduction of the unified administrative system
More...
The article analyzes the role and significance of the regional features in the intestine struggle of the second quarter of the 15th century in Russia on the example of the Galich land. At that time it still conserved the features of an independent Old Russian city-state and aligned with the local prince rather than with the central power of Moscow.
More...
The article analyzes the way of the anarchism in Russia from the beginning of the 20th century up to February 1917. It is concluded that Russian anarchism contributed a lot into the evolution of the public life and revolutionary movement of the first decades of the 20th century.
More...
The article studies the history of the Russian autocratic-serfdom system in the 16th-beginning of the 20th centuries. The article analyzes the main features, problems, paradoxes and reasons for collapse of this regime. According to the author, the relations between the centre and periphery led to the formation of the autocratic-serfdom system aimed to unite the country. However there were these troubles in relations between central power and local government that continued to resist solution, which caused the collapse of the autocracy.
More...
In the article it is argued that construction of new industrial centres according to the needs of defence and to the idea of even placement of industry was not a rational solution of the tasks of the forced industrialization and urbanization of the country.
More...
The article examines the regional peculiarities of the elections to the I State duma demonstrating the specific character of the Russian pseudodemocracy of the beginning of the 20th century. Special attention is paid to the issue of the influence of the results of the capital elections on the election campaign in provinces.
More...
The article indicates the main problems in the relationship between centre and regions during the transformation of the federative relations in the RSFSR-RF in 1990-1993. According to the author, this issue requires further in-depth study.
More...