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МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РЕНТАБЕЛЬНОСТИ ЗЕРНОПРОИЗВОДСТВА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НЕЧЕТКОЙ ЛОГИКИ

Author(s): Petro Hrytsiuk,Tetyana Babych / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

Ukraine is an agrarian state. One of the most important brunches of agriculture sector is grain production. High yield of grain is a basis of Ukrainian food security. Therefore the task of developing a reliable mathematical model forecasting the grain production profitability is actually. Regression analysis and fuzzy simulation principles have been used for building of the grain production profitability depending model. The values profitability forecasting for 2015 obtained by three different methods are convergent to each other.

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ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ УРОЖАЙНОСТИ ЗЕРНОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР С ИСПОЛЬ- ЗОВАНИЕМ СИСТЕМ НЕЧЕТКОЙ ЛОГИКИ

Author(s): Petro Hrytsiuk,Larysa Bachyshyna / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

The grain industry has a special place in the export of Ukraine. Ukraine takes the third place for some years in the world by grain supply to the foreign markets. That’s why the problem solving of the agricultural production stability is one of the most important tasks of agricultural industrial complex. The successful forecasts play important role in this. The best forecasts are realized when the qualitative model of the object is developed. Two approaches of the predictive model development are considered in the paper: traditional mathematical and using fuzzy logic systems. The models take into account the influence of climatic factors on grain crops yield.

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КАПИТАЛ ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ И ЛЕСНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ УКРАИНЫ

Author(s): Liudmyla Shashula,Oksana Sakal / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

Goals of using capital of land and forest resources are: accounting of the cost of land and forest resources as a part of economic assets, the creation of an effective system of cadastre; rational use of resources and their securitization; corporatization rights of use; definition of land and forest capital as the tax base; implementation of innovative forms of land and property and forest resource management; substantiation of strategies for socio-economic development of regions and local communities.

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ИНВЕСТИРОВАНИЕ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРА ЭКОНОМИКИ В УСЛОВИЯХ КРИЗИСА

Author(s): Liudmyla Yevchuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

Features of investment activity in crisis were considered in the article. The possibility of participation of small and medium agricultural business in foreign investment projects was studied. It is substantiated that efforts and time have to be invested in the project at first. Speech about financial resources has to be said in the last turn.

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ВОПРОСЫ РЕСТРУКТУРИЗАЦИИ УКРАИНСКИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ПИЩЕВОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

Author(s): Maryna Baldzhy / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

The questions of restructuring enterprise were considered, the necessity of changes in the state and structure was justified. The main forms of restructuring that can be used in the food industry were determined. The objectives of restructuring of the food industry enterprises in Ukaine, aimed at improving their competitiveness and economic efficiency, were argumented. Based on the evaluation of the effectiveness of enterprise restructuring programs the prospects of their functioning in the market environment were identified. The conclusions on the future activities of theUkrainian food industry enterprises have been ordered.

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Забезпечення якості нового фруктово-ягідного мармеладу з додаванням ламінарії

Author(s): Tetyana Anatoliyivna Nepochatykh,Svіtlana Sheremet / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 02/2018

The article is devoted to the development of a new method for the production of fruit and berry marmalade, which is adding kelp to the traditional recipe of fruit and berry marmalade. The use of this additive is scientifically grounded in the amount of 5 %. This can improve the quality of fruit and berry marmalade, as well as update its assortment. Adding kelp to marmalade increases the content of iodine in it by 7.95 %, phosphorus – by 2.15 %, magnesium – by 8.5 %, potassium – by 48.5 %, iron – by 0.03 %, vitamin PP – by 0.015 %.

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Rola instrumentów wspólnej polityki rolnej Unii Europejskiej w podnoszeniu jakości życia mieszkańców obszarów wiejskich

Author(s): Bogumiła Grzebyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

The article discusses the role of the main common agricultural policy (WPR) instrumentsin improving the quality of living standards of rural inhabitants. Following the data collected bythe Ministry of Finance (MF) and the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture(ARiMR) an assessment concerning financial transfers of EU funds within WPR in the yearsdeveloping rural areas. A special attention has been drawn to direct subsidies (SAPS) and their contributionto farming income. For that purpose the findings from quality research conducted amongfarmers from selected communities of two provinces – podkarpackie and swietokrzyskie, were used.It has been stated that during the years 2004–2016 the amount of financial transfers from the EUbudget to Poland within WPR has equaled to 42,5 mld euro, which makes over one third of all thetransfers which were made for Poland during the whole membership period. This fact is a confirmationof a great contribution of EU funds to the development of Polish farming and rural areas.Further this means that during the period in question, Poland was the greatest net beneficiary. Indicationsof the quality research has proved that over 43 % of the farmers under research, evaluatesthe condition of their farms as better since joining the EU by Poland, and 16 % of the farmers – asmuch better. Nevertheless, more critical group of owners were from the province of podkarpackie.

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Tariff And Non-Tariff Regulation Of An Agri-Food Market In Ensuring Sustainable Development: International Experience And Ukrainian Practice

Author(s): Oleksandr Deineko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The role of tariff and non-tariff regulation of an agri-food market in ensuring sustainable development in Ukraine and in the other country is highlighted in this paper, as well as the best practices in this sphere. Particularly, the experience of the late participants of the Euro-integrational processes is researched, together with the correlated transformations in production and export-import structure at their agri-food markets. Potential ways to decrease and avoid the negative agri-food market's deformations, that may appear as a result of integration processes' strengthening and trade liberalization, are discussed.

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Evaluation of Physico-Chemical and Fungal Species Associated with Oil Contaminated Soil from Selected Automobile Garage in Sokoto Metropolis

Author(s): Malami Muhammad Maishanu,Ahmad Bashir,Kasimu Shehu,Muhammad Murtala Mainasara,Ibrahim Muhammad Magami / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2018

This study was conducted with a view to evaluating the physicochemical and mycological properties of different oil contaminated soils collected from three different automobile garages in Sokoto Metropolis, and uncontaminated soil from the temporary site, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto (UDUS) was used as the control. The pH was determined using pH meter model Hanna (H1991301), quantity of mineral elements was evaluated in accordance with Murphy and Fungi were isolated from the three oil contaminated samples (A, B. and C) and the uncontaminated (sample D) as control, this was done by standard procedure using the method of P. Ren, T. Jankun & B. Leaderer. The physical, chemical, and mineral elements from the oil-contaminated soils of the three automobile garages and control. The results of particle soil analysis revealed the high content of sandy soil (96.2 to 87.3) and silt is the lowest with (2.5–0.6). Magnesium had the highest concentration of studied minerals, ranging from 193 to 649.2 mg/kg. while PH result revealed that the soil samples were pH value ranged from (16.85–16.20) in oil Contaminated samples, while the control had 15.90, and electrical conductivity ranged from 12.8–13.8 % and 28 % in control, four fungal isolates Aspergillus sp., Penicillum sp., Mucor sp. and Sporobolomyces sp. were identified based on colonial, sexual and morphological characteristics. These fungal strains can be used in bioremediation process and oil pollution reduction in aquatic ecosystems.

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Die Aufzucht gefährdeter Nutztierrassen in Bulgarien

Author(s): Nacho Dimitrov / Language(s): German Issue: 01/2018

The ecological turn in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU places strong emphasis on biodiversity and conservation of genetic resources and creates opportunities for subsidized raising of endangered livestock. In Bulgaria, these developments have led to an increase in the number of certifying breeding associations. Equally farmers within this particular business niche as well as the breeds and the total number of animals of each breed have risen. Recently, a growing number of actors in the country have become interested in the available subsidies and further involved in the processes of conservation, recovery, imagination and invention of landraces. However, the subsidies are a scarce resource, thus the related Access creates competition and conflicts. The actors apply various strategies in order to obtain these subsidies. They strive to build a convincing, legitimate narrative about the origin, the authenticity, the risk status and even the cultural value of the animals while at the same time trying to discredit and de-legitimize the breeds of their competitors. As a result, the struggle for Access to the subsidies takes the form of a struggle of narratives.

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Typ rolniczy a efektywność gospodarstw rolniczych w Polsce

Author(s): Agnieszka Gałecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

The article assesses the level of effectiveness of farms in Poland depending on the type of farming. The analysis included agricultural farms participating in the Polish FADN. The study period covered the years 2010–2013. It was found that the highest efficiency use of resources of land, labor and capital were characterized by farm-type agriculture “granivores” and “milk cows”, while the lowest farm specialized in the breeding of other grazing livestock. In the analyzed period a uniform upward trend all analyzed performance indicators reported in farms focused on livestock granivores.

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Ocena ryzyka eksploatacji biogazowni rolniczych w Polsce na potrzeby ubezpieczeń od wybranych zdarzeń losowych

Author(s): Anna Edyta Szymańska,Stanisław Wieteska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 500/2017

One of the ways to obtain electricity from renewable energy sources is biogas. Through the use of waste (agricultural and industrial) and anaerobic fermentation in the socalled biogas plants biogas is obtained, which can be used for the production of methane.. Biogas plants as any technical devices are exposed to various risks, in particular methane explosions. The aim of the article is to assess the risk of exploitation of biogas plants for their inclusion in the insurance. In the article we present the status of biogas plants in Poland and prospects for their development. We indicate the scope and terms of insurance biogas from some random events. In this article we attempt to estimate the sum insured the types and frequency of damage that may arise during the operation of biogas plants.

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Prevalence of Ticks on Camels and Cattle Brought to Dodoru Market Kebbi State, Nigeria

Author(s): Yahaya Muhammad Abdullahi,Ibrahim Muhammad Magami,Ahmed Audu,Muhammad Murtala Mainasara / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2018

Dodoru Market is popular for its weekly Market day in Kebbi State, Nigeria. People converge at the market every Monday from various places to buy or sell. Survey of ticks on camels and cattle brought to Dodoru Market for sale was conducted. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of camel and cattle ticks. A total of 90 animals (40 camels and 50 cattle) were examined. Five tick species were identified and prevalence was evaluated. Results revealed that 32 of the camels were infected with the prevalence of 35.6% and cattle were also infested with 44.4 % prevalence. Boophilus decoloratus has the highest prevalence of 29.1 % in both camels and cattle. Thigh and abdomen were more susceptible to ticks species with the prevalence of 37.7 %. The survey also shows that cattle were more infested than camels and thigh/abdomen was observed to be the most preferred locations for ticks in both camels and cattle.

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Modern Aspects of Safety Assessment of Foodstuff

Author(s): Tetiana Chorna,Dmytro Yanushkevych,Vita Afanasieva / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2018

Food safety is one of the decisive components of the economic security of each state and is determined by the ability of the country to control effectively the production and import of safe and high-quality food on the generally accepted principles of the world. This sphere of activity in human society has extremely important humanitarian, social, economic and political aspects.The food raw materials and food products quality and safety control is currently the most relevant analytical task. It is more important than environmental pollution, according to some data, more than 70 % of harmful pollutants in the human body gets through food, 20% of water and 10 % of the air. Technogenic pollution of the environment through soil, water and air gets directly into the food. However, food products are contaminated with natural harmful substances that appear in improper storage, in violation of technologies, food processing and processing charts.The article is devoted to the main factors analysis influencing the safety of food products and the improvement of instrumental methods for the study of quality aromatic products (for example, coffee).

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The problem of risk in the economy of sustainable development on the example of the State Forests

Author(s): Beata Sadowska,Adam Lulek / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Motivation: Economics of sustainable development aims to ensure standards of environ-mental, economic and social quality of life and freedom of all people living on Earth. Objec-tives in all three dimensions should be implemented taking into account their strong inter-dependence. Targets of sustainable development are implemented, among other things, by the State Forests, i.e. carrying on forest management according to the principles of univer-sal forest protection, durability, their maintenance, continuity and sustainable use of all the functions of forests and expansion of forest resources. Forest management should be car-ried out while minimizing the economic risk that accompanies each economic activity. Aim: The aim of the study is to identify the risk associated with business operation of State For-ests. Results: The study will also present the risk management process in the State Forests and the characteristics of its individual stages. Identified objective was achieved using a critical analysis of national and international studies, descriptive method and analysis of phenomena and synthesis of results and interviews with foresters. The layout and content of the study was subordinated to the realization of goals. Due to the limited article volume, only certain aspects of State Forests were presented, as an area of risk in the economy of sustainable development.

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Wybrane metody oceny zrównoważenia gospodarki leśnej

Author(s): Hanna Kruk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The principles of sustainable development are implemented in many sectors of the economy, including forestry. The main aim of sustainable forest management (SFM) is to preserve the vitality of forests and their productive potential in the long term, maintain their biodiversity and all the functions: ecological, economic, and social ones. It is crucial to the process of sustainability that the assumed goals are achieved and that the principles are respected. In SFM, various methods of assessment are used, usually based on a system of indicators. The aim of the paper is to analyse selected, commonly used indicators and to estimate the level of sustainability in the Polish forestry and its changes in time.

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Środki obrotowe a wielkość produkcji wybranych ziemiopłodów w dolnośląskich gospodarstwach rolnych na tle kraju w latach 1999-2014

Author(s): Agnieszka Tarnowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2016

The paper presents an analysis of changes in the quantities of current assets typical of agriculture in Dolnośląskie Voivodeship, as compared to the national average in the years 1999-2014. The author examines the relationship of these changes with the volume of production of basic cereals and potatoes in individual farms. An increasing consumption of NPK fertilizers can be observed, especially of nitrogen, while the consumption of calcium fertilizers decreased in the studied period. Because significant amounts of soil in Poland are strongly acidified, this can lead to very negative consequences for the whole agricultural sector. A positive correlation is observed between the size of grain harvest and mineral fertilization and a negative one between the volume of grain harvest and calcium fertilization. There is no clear data on the consumption of pesticides in Poland, especially at the level of voivodeships. It is known, however, that their sales on the domestic market are growing. There has been an unfavourable tendency for the sales of certified seed, especially potato seed, to decrease, whereas the sales of concentrated feed in Poland are increasing, also Dolnośląskie Voivodeship, which is abandoning livestock production. This improves the efficiency of the production and increases the comfort of farmers. Dolnośląskie Voivodeship stands out against the background of the country in terms of the size of unused forage areas.

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Opportunities for Horticultural Production in Podlaskie Voivodhsip: Pears for Fresh Fruit Market

Author(s): Wojciech J. Florkowski,Grzegorz P. Łysiak / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2015

Podlaskie Voivodship is located in a climatic zone perceived as unfavourable for pear production. This study examines production, trade and consumption of pears in Poland and argues that Podlaskie Voivodship can exploit the existing demand for pears in the region given the physiological opportunities resulting from the phenomenon known as parthenocarpy. Parthenocarpy permits production of pears despite the flower damaging spring frosts. Regionally important pear cultivars are recognized and consumed by residents in the area and in the neighbouring countries located to the East and Northeast of Podlasie. Although Podlaskie Voivodship plays a secondary role in tree fruit production in Poland, pear production is relatively more important in the region than in the country as a whole. Moreover, it appears that the pattern of large and small crops in the region and in Poland follow different pattern making Podlaskie Voivodship a reliable supplier of pears in when the pear crop may be particularly small in the country as a whole. The growing popularity of pears with Polish consumers and preferences for the familiar cultivars such as ’Beurre Alexandre Lucas’ or ‘Conference’ produced in the region bodes well for producers, but attention to quality is necessary in the very competitive fresh fruit market. Additional markets in the neighbroing countries may offer additional opportunities for growers, who could expand pear production and benefit the regional economy.

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TYPY STRUKTURY OBSZAROWEJ GOSPODARSTW ROLNYCH W KRAJACH UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ W OKRESIE 2005-2013

Author(s): Jadwiga Bożek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

The agrarian structure of farms in the countries of the European Union is very differentiated. The paper presents the comparison of the types of the agrarian structure of farms in the EU countries within in the years 2005, 2010 and 2013. The investigation was carried out on the basis of the Eurostat data. The application of the fuzzy set method of objects classification groups of countries thought to be similar with respect to the distribution of number of farms (according to areal groups of arable land). This foundation allowed for identification of 4 types of agrarian structure of EU countries. Within the period 2005-2013 types of the structure under investigation had undergone insignificant changes, although the contents of particular groups of countries of specific type of structure changed.

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ZIEMIA I RYNEK W ŚWIETLE WYDATKÓW BUDŻETOWYCH AGENCJI ROLNYCH W POLSCE W LATACH 2016-2017

Author(s): Andrzej Czyżewski,Anna Matuszczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

The purpose of the analyzes was to indicate the quantitative and qualitative changes that took place in the expenditures noted in the budgetary law for 2017 in the sections on agriculture, rural development, agricultural markets in the perspective of the three agricultural intervention agencies-Agricultural Property Agency, Agricultural Market Agency and Agency Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture in relation to the previous year. It is reasonable to conclude that after a number of years of relatively consistent national agricultural policy, the legislator's approach to financing many agricultural sectors has been noticeable.

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