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Spektrum ekologiczno-siedliskowe flory naczyniowej zwałowiska odpadów pogórniczych „Ruda” w Zabrzu-Biskupicach

Author(s): Robert Hanczaruk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

The vascular flora of “Ruda” heap includes 164 plant species, belonging to 38 families and represents an intermediate stadium between the initial and transitory stage of spontaneous succession of vegetation. The studied flora is dominated by native (73.8%), annual (20.1%) and perennial (50.6%), ruderal (40.2%) and meadow (17.7%) species with a higher competitive capacity (48.2%), which are spread on the way of anemo- (75.6%), zoo- (15.2%) and autochory (7.3%). In terms of habitat requirements, the highest participation of flora of “Ruda” heap have photophilous (L7-8 65.2%) and mesophilic (F4-6 65.2%) species, strongly differentiated with regard to trophic preferences, thermoneutral (T5-6 58.5%) and eurythermic (Tx 31.1%), with a wide range of tolerance to soil reaction (Rx 39.0%) and alkaline (R7-8 34.1%). The limiting factor in the development of the plant cover is a highly skeletal soil substrate (D3.5-4 57.9%).

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Konopie – substancje aktywne, właściwości lecznicze i zastosowanie

Author(s): Iwona Bryndal,Alicja Horanin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

The purpose of the work was to identify people’s awareness of cannabis, their medical use and availability. The questionnaire was used for its determination. Based on the survey, it was found that knowledge of cannabis is widespread. The majority of respondents associate cannabis with fibrous plant with medicinal properties. Although marijuana is illegal in Poland, most of the respondents used or knew the person who used it. This demonstrates the easy access to cannabis narcotic drugs on the black market. Studies have shown that respondents have known the marijuana properties, both medicinal and narcotic. However, only a small part of them had knowledge about the Polish market for a medicine containing natural cannabis extracts.

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Problemy pszczelarstwa w Polsce

Author(s): Monika Kucharczyk,Małgorzata Krzywonos,Jolanta Błaszczyk,Przemysław Seruga,Agnieszka Piekara,Sylwia Zimny,Daniel Borowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

Beekeeping is a very important element of the state’s food economy. The question arises of the problems, which affect today’s honey bee farming in Poland. It seems that these difficulties are often known to beekeepers in other parts of the world. The problem of extinction of bees (colony collapse disorder – known as CCD) has become increasingly common for some time in existing literature of the subject. There is also a more visible increasing problem in honey bee farming of the so-called cement honey among the articles on apiculture. A huge barrier to the development of Polish apiculture is also the sharp decline in professional beekeeping for amateur beekeeping. The aim of this paper is to present current problems of the apiculture market in Poland, and analyze existing barriers to the development of this sector in comparison to similar problems in Europe and in the world.

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Występowanie potencjalnie chorobotwórczych bakterii w powietrzu na liniach produkcyjnych zakładu przetwórstwa rybnego

Author(s): Agnieszka Marszałek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

The aim of the study was to investigate the nutritional knowledge and opinion of consumers about gluten-free products. All respondents were on gluten-free diet. The questionnaire was being conducted from early March till the end of October 2016. The obtained results indicate clearly that respondents have good knowledge about gluten-free products. The research showed that the most popular gluten-free purchase was bread and the least popular – instant food. The study also showed that respondents expected access to a full range of gluten-free products marked with the Crossed Grain Symbol. It must be emphasized that consumers buy domestically-manufactured products more and more often which leads to the development of local companies. According to own research, the main factors influencing the purchase of gluten-free products are taste, quality and availability.

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Badanie poziomu wiedzy oraz opinii konsumentów będących na diecie bezglutenowej na temat produktów wchodzących w jej skład

Author(s): Natalia Maruszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

The nutrient circle can be called as an example of perfect ecological recycling, which is (according to Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007) one of the rules of organic farming . The aim of this review paper is to present the rule of natural recycling in organic farm and the possibility to prevent environment pollution through the promotion of ecological recycling among producers. The paper presents a special example of ecological agriculture called ERA (Ecological Recycling Agriculture). The aim of ERA is to protect the Baltic Sea environment. The convertion of farms located in the Baltic Sea catchment area to organic farming (based on ERA) would have great positive environmental effects. It could lead to a 47% reduction in nitrogen surplus and a phosphorus surplus would drop to zero. As a result, the load of the Baltic Sea pollution would also be reduced.

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Wpływ zastosowania zmiennofazowego magazynu ciepła na temperaturę w sieci ciepłowniczej

Author(s): Kinga Nogaj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

The article indicates the directions of development of new generations of heating systems using phase-change materials and presents the criteria relevant for the selection of phase-change material. The purpose of the work was to determine the impact of using a phasechange heat store on the return temperature from the installation to the heating network. Based on the conducted tests, it was found that the selection of the most advantageous heat accumulating material depends on the return temperature of the heating network. The introduction of a phase-changing heat store into the heating system allows to obtain a return temperature from the installation at the temperature level in accordance with the adopted control table for external temperatures of the standard heating season.

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Olej rzepakowy źródłem cennych kwasów omega 3-6-9

Author(s): Dominika Szczepańska,Iwona Bryndal / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

The paper presents rape as a raw material for oil production, its origin, variety, crop statistics, climatic and soil requirements and development phases. The article shows the characteristics of the composition of refined and cold pressed rapeseed oil and the differences between them. Special attention is also paid to the content of omega 3-6-9. Based on the research question titled: “Rape oil as a source of omega 3-6-9” fatty acid has been claimed to be the most commonly used vegetable oil in Poland because it is relatively inexpensive and readily available. It is most commonly used for frying but also in a lesser sense as a side dish for cold dishes. Research has shown that respondents do not consider it, like other vegetable oils, as the main source of omega acids.

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Metodyczne podejście do konieczności ustanawiania stref ochronnych ujęć wód podziemnych na przykładzie ujęcia w Starym Sączu

Author(s): Ewa Wysowska,Alicja Kicińska,Grzegorz Nikiel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

The authors of the article presented the methodical approach to the necessity of the safety zone establishment on the example of groundwater intake in Stary Sącz. The analysis included the minimal hydrogeological conditions with the use of the Analytic Element Method and the sozological conditions in the resource area. Also, an assessment of the aquifer susceptibility to contamination was made taking into account the vertical filtration time and using the DRASTIC Method. Basing on the obtained results, the scope of the indirect safety zone was proposed. The possible restrictions in land use resulting from the safety zone establishment were compared with valid restrictions which are the consequence of separate regulations and the adopted action plans. In this work one also avaluated the planned ecological effect of protective measures.

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Jakość pieczywa gryczanego z dodatkiem mąk bezglutenowych

Author(s): Angelika Zys,Zbigniew Garncarek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 494/2017

Development of new food products with special health functions is a challenge for the modern food industry. Buckwheat is a valuable raw material used for the production of functional food and special nutritional purposes. The development of new food products with special health properties is growing and it is a challenge for the modern food industry. An attempt was made to create a new type of bread resulting from the fermentation of white buckwheat whole grains with addition of various kinds of flours such as amaranth, chickpeas, chestnuts, buckwheat and maize. The effects of the type and amount of gluten-free flour on the texture profile, moisture content, acidity, crumb feature, crumb and skin color and sensory properties of bread was investigated. The best results characterizing the structural and sensory properties proved to have a product produced from buckwheat groats with 10% addition of either amaranth or chestnut flour.

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The problem of concentration of agricultural holdings in rural development discourse

Author(s): Oleg Gorb,Jolita Greblikaitė,Ilona Yasnolob / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper analyzes the problem of concentration of agri-cultural holdings and its impact on the development of rural areas. The analysis of this problem has revealed many problems of social and environmental nature. Sustainable tendency to increase the concentration of farmland does not have a proper positive impact on the development of rural areas. It has been noted that there are no effective mechanisms of influence of public authorities and local governments on agricultural holdings. The situation of in-creasing the area of agricultural land of farms of Myrhorod district of Poltava oblast, within the vertically-integrated companies has been studied. The mechanism of agricultural holdings’ involvement in territorial cluster to establish the cooperation on the implementation of social, economic, and environmental community projects has been proposed. It has proved the necessity of the consolidation of social responsibilities of agricultural holdings to support rural communities at the legislative level, where the companies use farm land for their work

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REGIONALNE ZRÓŻNICOWANIE STRUKTURY POWIERZCHNI UŻYTKÓW ROLNYCH WEDŁUG SYSTEMÓW ROLNICZYCH W UJĘCIU DYNAMICZNYM

Author(s): Lidia Luty / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

In agriculture there are three systems of management: conventional, organic, integrated. The objective was to present the regional diversification of the structure of utilized arable area (UAA) of farms by farming systems in dynamic terms. The division of provinces into similar subsets in terms of examined structure using the vectors’ elimination method. The analysis showed that over the 2005-2014 changed mainly organic utilized agricultural area. Disparities of transformations related to the type of agricultural system were visible at the level of the provinces. The undertaken analysis confirmed, that organic system has earned a permanent place in Polish agriculture. Certified areas of integrated agriculture still does not exceed 0.5% in provinces of the total Polish UAA.

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DYNAMIKA ZMIAN WYPOSAŻENIA GOSPODARSTW INDYWIDUALNYCH W POLSCE W CIĄGNIKI ROLNICZE W UJĘCIU PRZESTRZENNYM

Author(s): Monika Zioło,Lidia Luty,Elżbieta Badach / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

In recent years, the area structure of agricultural holdings in Poland has not changed significantly, small farms, up to 5 ha, still dominate. The purpose of this paper is to present dynamics of selected indicators of farm equipment in tractors in Polish voivodships. In this article indexes of dynamics and models of development trend have been used. The analysis shows that in Polish agriculture there is a large spatial variation in the equipment of tractors, both in terms of 100 farms and 100 ha of agricultural land. This variability has a clear relationship with the territorial distribution of holdings according to their average area.

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TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT OF FARMS IN MAŁOPOLSKA AND LITHUANIA ON THE BASIS OF SURVEY RESEARCH

Author(s): Monika Zioło,Lidia Luty,Elżbieta Badach,Astrida Miceikiene / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The aim of the research is to compare the level of farm equipment with agricultural machinery and devices improving production as well as to evaluate the quality of the equipment measured by its age, in Małopolska region and in south Lithuania. The empirical material constituted the results of the survey in 2017 in 144 farms in Małopolska and 70 farms in Lithuania. Questions taken into account in the research concerned power and age of tractors and combines, number of chosen machines and agricultural devices used according to the farm profile. The analysis of the material completed after the survey allows for the conclusion that the structure of technical equipment of farms both in Małopolska anf south Lithuania has undergone positive changes, especially in case of farms of average and large areas (15–20 hectares of arable land and >20 hectares of arable land). These farms, having the opportunity of easier access to credits and investment subventions, try to introduce general changes within machinery backup. At the same time the oldest equipment – often used more than 20 years, finds its place in farms of smallest areas of arable land.

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ZRÓŻNICOWANIE I DYNAMIKA ZMIAN POWIERZCHNI UŻYTKÓW ROLNYCH WEDŁUG GRUP OBSZAROWYCH GOSPODARSTW W KRAJACH UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ W OKRESIE 2010-2013

Author(s): Jadwiga Bożek,Karol Kukuła,Czesław Nowak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The present paper discusses the diversification and dynamics of changes in the utilised agricultural area in farms representing different areal groups in the EU in the years 2010-2013. The study has been conducted based on the Eurostat data. The following areal groups have been taken into account Keywords: utilised agricultural area, European Union, dynamics, fuzzy classification

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WSPÓŁODDZIAŁYWANIE WYBRANYCH DOPŁAT NA WZROST WYDAJNOŚCI PRACY W POLSKICH GOSPODARSTWACH ROLNYCH

Author(s): Aleksandra Pawłowska / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Labour productivity in agriculture occurs as one of the basic indicator in assessing the effectiveness of agriculture policy. The aim of research is to identify and quantify the treatment effect of subsidies on investment and environmental and LFA subsidies on the increase in labour productivity on Polish farms. The study uses data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) database for individual Polish farms for 2007-2015. The applied research tool is Propensity Score Matching method. Keywords: farms, labour productivity, agricultural policy, propensity score matching

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Формування споживних властивостей цукрового печива за рахунок використанням шроту з насіння гарбуза

Author(s): Yana Bachynska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 06/2018

Sugar cookies are the most common among flour confectionery, they have high energy value and insufficient content of basic nutrients. Excessive consumption of cookies can lead to a number of diseases. This necessitates the development of new food products of everyday demand, including flour confectionery products of high biological value. The paper studies the effect of pumpkin seed pomace on the production of sugar biscuits with the increased biological value. The results of the commodity examination of the developed cookie sample are presented and the comparison with traditional samples of sugar cookies of other producers is carried out. The expediency of using pumpkin seed pomace in the technology of sugar biscuit production has been proved to expand the range of high biological value confectionery products and products with the reduced level of caloric content. Through simulation it has been found that the optimum amount of pumpkin seed pomace is 2.76 % (18 g) of the weight of the flour. With an increase in the amount of pomace the ability to soak decreases, which is why this ratio will contribute to the enrichment of sugar cookies and the preservation of the quality of physics-chemical indicators. The addition of pumpkin seed pomace to cookies composition positively influenced the chemical composition of the ready product, saturating it with proteins, food fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. After all, when consuming 100 g of the product there are tendencies in compensation of more than 10 % of daily norm in proteins, fats, carbohydrates; mineral substances - from 2.33 % to 25.78 %; vitamins from 3,35 % to 9,44 %, which is explained by the positive effect on the body and satisfying basic nutrients to different categories of the population. The dynamics of changes in the quality of the developed sample at the time of fabrication and after its storage was investigated. It is proved that organoleptic parameters change basically - there appears a taste and a smell of rancidity, which is explained by the oxidation of fats.

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Проект будівництва левади для проведення занять з іпотерапії на базі Хортицької національної навчально-реабілітаційної академії м. Запоріжжя

Author(s): Olena Speranska,Nataliia Derevyanko,Oksana Kobets / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 06/2018

The special influence of hypotherapy on a child with cerebral paralysis lies in stimulating the development of motor reflexes, therefore, hypotherapy is an integral part of the complex rehabilitation of children with motion sickness. Levada for hypotherapy classes is a necessary part of the rehabilitation program for children with developmental disabilities and the training of rehabilitation specialists at the Faculty of Rehabilitation Pedagogy and Social Work at the Khortytsya National Training and Rehabilitation Academy. The effectiveness of psychological and socio-pedagogical rehabilitation of children with peculiarities of psychophysical development increases in contact with such animals as a horse and a dog. The confirmation of the fruitful achievements of the experimental activity of the institution was awarding it the status of innovative in 2007. The Academy was rewarded for its significant contribution to the development of domestic education, the development and practical implementation of innovative technologies of comprehensive medical, psychological and pedagogical, social rehabilitation of children and young people with special educational needs. On the territory of the academy there is a stable with 6 horses, which have been used by qualified specialists on hypotherapy for conducting classes with children.Classes were held in the park of the academy, so there was an urgent need for the construction of an open levada for conducting classes. Creating a special site is of great practical importance. Decorating this site with ornamental plantations, creating a fruit garden, a cozy recreation area, beautified with flower beds and equipped with elements of landscaping, will positively affect the environment, improve the aesthetic perception of the territory, provide comfortable, safe and effective training for the rehabilitation of children with poor health.

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TÜRKİYE’DE TARIM SEKTÖRÜNDE FİNANSAL KİRALAMA

Author(s): Resul Umut Çağlar,Osman KILIÇ,Ugur Başer / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2016

Farms need to have some investments like land, construction and machinery to sustain their activities. Selection of the financial technique is one of the important decisions when making the investments. In Turkey, the credibility of agricultural sector is generally lower than other sectors due to the formation of small-scale farms. However, farms need financial resources to increase their capacities by investing in the use of advanced technology, renewing machineries at a suitable cost. Leasing has many advantages compared to bank credit. In leasing, all cost of investments can be financed, 1% value added tax (VAT) in some goods can be applied and assurance conditions may be lighter. Farmers benefiting from VAT advantage will find an opportunity to renew machines under suitable economic conditions, by this means, the expenses arising from machinery use will be reduced. In bank credits, farmer's land is generally mortgaged. In case of making the investment by leasing, farmers will be free of mortgage pressure. Farmers will produce with lower cost and lower debt pressure by benefiting from the advantages of leasing. Thus, the demand of investment goods and created added value will increase.

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INFLUENCE OF FISH COLLAGEN ON VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES AND SOL-GEL PHASE TRANSITION OF CHITOSAN SOLUTIONS

Author(s): Anna Rył,Piotr Owczarz / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2018

The thermosensitive hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering due to their non-invasive application.Special interest of researchers, due to the specific characteristics of both materials, is aimed at composites of natural origin obtained from chitosan hydrogels combined with collagen. The mechanical properties of the thermosensitive chitosan-fish collagen hydrogels and the sol-gel phase transition parameters were determined by the rotational rheometry measurement techniques. Based on comparison of the obtained storage modulusG' curves, it was found that the addition of collagen negatively affects the mechanical properties of compositescaffolds. The addition of this protein substance decreases their elasticity. Only the smallest concentration(0.25g collagen/1 g chitosan) of collagen improves the mechanical properties of composite hydrogels, from 56kPa to 61 kPa. Conducted non-isothermal studies allowed to conclude that the addition of collagen causes an increasing temperature of sol-gel phase transition. However, the observed changes are not a monotone function of the biopolymer concentration.

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TRENDS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTION FROM ORGANIC FARMING [REVIEW]

Author(s): Wojciech Wójcik / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2018

Organic farming is an alternative method for dynamic agricultural system. Products that are obtained from organic farming are referred to as ecological or organic food [1]. These include products of animal origin that come from organic farming [2]. In the case of animal production in organic farming there are particular requirements for breed, animal welfare and feeding. Additionally, the origins of animals is also of crucial importance since, basically, such animals should be purchased from organic farms. However, there can be exceptions to this requirement, for instance, if the number of animals of a particular species or of a specific breed is not sufficient [3]. The main idea behind organic production is obtaining plant or animal products maintaining good soil structure, clean water and adjusting to the natural rhythm of nature. Enhancement of the social status has led to the situation where consumers pay more attention to the quality and origins of the products they choose. Numerous scientific papers from recent years, based on consumer’s opinion, show substantial impact of welfare system on the quality of animal products. Since ‘90s there has been a systematic surge of interest in products from ecological systems and demand for these, which in turn affect the development of this agricultural sector.The aim of the work is to compare the changes in organic production over the last 26 years in Poland with reference to the situation in Europe and whole globe. The research has been done on the basis of statistics since 1990 up till now as well as on scientific studies. Nowadays, there are increasing numbers of farms and redirections of production, as well as changes in the sizes of farms producing organic food.

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