Egy hiányzó fejezet Erdei Ferenc életútjából

Author(s): Zsuzsanna Varga / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

This paper focuses on a person being both a scientist and a politician who played a key role in socialist Hungary in the initiation of the opening towards the West. Ferenc Erdei (1910–1971) started his career as a soci-ologist in the early 1930s and was mainly involved in politics after 1945. Following the revolution in 1956, he drew back from his active political role. He established the Research Institute of Agricultural Economics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences which became the the most import-ant background institution of the Agrarian Lobby. My paper argues that the experience Erdei gained from his study trips in Western Europe in the 1930s served later as a basis for the „bridge-building” between the socialist East and the capitalist West. In my paper I investigate which western countries Erdei launched the opening towards and through which channels he started to build a network as well as the political and professional debates that followed this process.

Importing a Labor Force for Catalonian Agriculture. A Case of Human Rights Deprivation in Spain. Sustainability and Successes

Author(s): Olga Achón Rodríguez / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper aims to disclose the consequences that the system designed by the Catalonian agricultural union “Unió de Pagesos” to recruit, import and distribute foreign labor produces, a subject deprived of its liberties and fundamental rights. Once the model of family farming was substituted by an industrial agricultural system of production, the agricultural union, with the consent of the State, reinvented itself as a provider of services related with the acquisition of manpower through this system - as we designate the set of practices that materialize the recruitment of foreign workers abroad and their concentration is lodgments controlled by the Union. The State’s migration polity is responsible of the emergence of such a system, and we can trace its origin in the symbiotic relation between the State and the union, whose intereststhe social control of the foreign worker and the just in time delivery of labor- are harmonized in it.

Overview of the Case Studies

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Програма за развитие на селските райони в България за периода 2014-2020: предизвикателства и бъдеще

Author(s): Deyan Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Since Bulgaria's accession to the European Union, European grant funding under the Rural Development Program has had a tangible impact on the agricultural sector, making the research of the problems in the area relevant and significant. The article examines, the development and implementation of the program. In particular, the perspectives and problems in implementing the support measures are analyzed, paying attention to their future developments. Based on the collected data and after analyzing the trends and problems conserning the subject, conclusions and recommendations are formulated in regard to the Rural Development Program for the period 2014-2020.

Fridrih Engels i seljaštvo

Author(s): Srđan Lj. Šljukić,Marica N. Šljukić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

While K. Marx, when it is about agrarian and rural, mostly dealt with the questions of commercial agriculture, like land rent, work force, etc, his associate F. Engels focused on social position, fate and role of peasantry in (past and expected) revolutions. In this paper we give a review of Engels’s views on peasantry, with an analysis and a critique. With his descriptions of the social position of the German, the French and the Russian peasantry, and of rural commune as one of the traditional institutions of rural society, Engels contributed to sociology. His claims that peasantry must disappear and that it is not capable to protect and promote their own interests, exert a significant influence upon the political practice in the socialist societies of the XX century.

Zemljani put revolucije. Seljačko pitanje u Engelsovim kasnim radovima

Author(s): Bojan Vranić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with the peasant question in the socialist thought of the second half 19th century, with special reference to the work of Friedrich Engels. In the classic socialist literature, the peasant question has long been marked as a marginal question of property, as can best be seen from Marx’s analysis in Louis Bonaparte’s Eighteenth Brimer. Almost half a century later, Engels approaches the peasant question from another angle, considering the problem of small peasants as a cultural, not just an economic problem. The paper will show that Engels’ analysis of the peasant question opened new avenues for socialist theory, which leads to a revision of the classical doctrine of the proletarian revolution and suggests an evolutionary path of social change.

Ефективно управление на земеделските земи от държавен поземлен фонд в област Шумен

Author(s): Dimitar Varbanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The Bulgarian state is the largest owner of agriculturall and son theterritory of Shumen Province. The State Land Fund is effectively managed throught heright choice of different time frames of short, medium and long-term leases inorder to achieve anoptimalsolution. The results, such as abid price and anaveragerent price, are very important and the Income Amount from ownership and control of agricultural land sin the republic an budget is directly dependent up on them. The results of analyzing the allocation of state farmland for previous business years should be the basis for a decision-making and the follow-up tender procedures.

Анализ на съществуващите стратегии за биоикономика

Author(s): Petia Branzova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the report is to analyze selected national strategies and policies with respect to defining the bio economy and to selecting similarities and differences between them. Representative is a comparative overview of the strategy and policies for bio economic development in the world. In the analyzed documents can present strategies and policies to stimulate the bio economy as the base of our suggested that is in focus. In this way, it is known that there is a need for enhanced results and developments in the field.

Diferenciace předpokladů nabídky venkovského cestovního ruchu jako konkurenční výhoda při tvorbě regionálních produktů cestovního ruchu na příkladu vinařských podoblastí Znojemska a Slovácka

Author(s): Jiří Šíp / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Příspěvek si klade za cíl pokusit se o konstrukci teoretických základů vinařského cestovního ruchu v kontextu venkovského cestovního ruchu v prostředí teorie a praxe českého cestovního ruchu a na základě analytické komparace moravských vinařských podoblastí Znojemska a Slovácka deklarovat základy jejich konkurenčních výhod.

Lifting Sanctions Against Russia in the Energy Field as a Tool to Resolve the Global Food Crisis

Author(s): Emil Asenov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In response to Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, the European Union imposed a significant number of individual, economic and diplomatic sanctions on Russia. An important aspect of the sanctioning policy concerns energy resources imported from Russia into Europe. The implementation of these sanctions is currently taking place in the context of a global food crisis. Russia imposed an embargo on the exports of some of its agricultural products, while also imposing a blockade on Ukrainian ports. As a result of these actions, a number of countries face a prospect of food supply shortages as Ukraine and Russia are among the largest exporters of agricultural products. Resolving these problems requires timely and effective solutions. In conclusion, the article proposes the implementation of mutually agreed measures by the European Union and Russia to counter a global food crisis.

Sustainable food production and processing—sustainable agriculture and biotechnological approaches in food chain

Author(s): Daniela Gwiazdowska,Katarzyna Marchwińska,Krzysztof Juś / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The current trend of the increasing human population as well as the evolution of consumption patterns, increasing food demand and growing amounts of food waste influence changes along the entire food chain, from agricultural systems and natural resources to processing. It is worth underlining that the agri-food industry is considered one of the most important sectors of economic development in the world. However, the increased demand for food is depleting natural resources, causing soil erosion, landscape biodiversity loss and environmental pollution worldwide, creating new challenges for food security and sustainable food production. Therefore, sustainable agriculture and new technologies and approaches play an increasingly significant rolein reducing negative environmental impacts while ensuring food safety. It stays in line with the model of food production development promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, according to which sustainable agriculture means the production of healthy, high-quality food in an environmentally friendly way, caring for animal welfare and protecting biodiversity, as well as ensuring income for farmers. This approach is also consistent with many concepts focused on the issue of sustainable, eco-friendly food production, such as development of sustainable agriculture, the One Health concept, Climate-Smart Agriculture, the European Green Deal and the Farm to Fork Strategy, strongly emphasising efforts to create a healthier and more sustainable food system.

Farming sustainability—interactions of economic, environmental and social dimensions

Author(s): Aleksander Grzelak,Michał Borychowski,Jakub Staniszewski,Anna Matuszczak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The conviction that farm development depends not only on the economic dimension but also on the environment as well as the social dimension, is increasingly widespread. The purpose of this study was to assess the interaction between the economic, social and environmental fields of agricultural activity and to identify cause-and-effect relationships between the aforementioned dimensions on the basis of family farms in Wielkopolska. The study was based on a literature review and the results of surveys conducted among 120 farms in the Wielkopolska region of Poland. Having applied structural equation modelling analysis, the authors discovered that there are significant mutual positive relations between the economic, social and environmental spheres in the analysed farms. Thus, those relationships can be complementary to each other. The presented research indicates the need to always consider agriculture as a broad and complex economic, social and environmental system, as the European Union already does, and to adjust policies according to the region’s peculiarities and its unique features. Simultaneously, one should aim to achieve multiple and diversified goals in agriculture.

Digitalisation in agri-food sector

Author(s): Krzysztof Wójcicki,Justyna Górna,Ewa Sikorska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The progress of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (called Industry 4.0) is driven by the development of cutting-edge digital technologies. Digital transformation is changing not only the manner of production, but also the definition of quality and the manner of quality management. The idea of Quality 4.0 refers both to the development of new technologies for quality assurance and control, as well as to changes in the culture of quality management. Industry 4.0 technologies are increasingly used in food production, leading to the development of Agri-food 4.0. They serve, for example, to control and implement production using automatic machines and robots. Invasive or remote sensors are used to monitor the environment, crops, farming conditions, processing operations and products throughout the entire supply chain. The use of the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data and cloud computing enables advanced planning, control and optimisation of production. The use of digital technologies in the agri-food industry positively affects the quality and safety of food and has a positive impact on the efficiency of enterprises. At the same time, digital transformation is an opportunity to develop sustainable practices throughout the food supply chain. In this chapter, we present the idea of Industry 4.0 and Quality 4.0 as well as examples of the use of digital technologies in the agri-food sector.

Sustainable management of fruit waste production

Author(s): Alfred Błaszczyk,Sylwia Sady,Bogdan Pachołek / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main goal of this paper is to review sustainable strategies presented in the literature for managing fruit processing by-products according to the circular economy, which could be useful for companies. In the food processing of fruits, the waste can be utilised directly or indirectly. The direct utilisation of fruit waste does not ensure full valorisation and does not fully minimise the environmental impact. The most sustainable management for the full valorisation of fruit waste according to the circular economy is the indirect utilisation, which requires an energyintensive drying process before the biorefinery approach. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12.3 promotes the reduction of food waste and food loss throughout the supply chain to achieve sustainable development by 2030, especially at retail and consumption levels. The fruit processing industry produces large amounts of by-products, mainly removed by landfilling or incineration. However, these methods cause emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and ammonia, and release dioxin into the environment. In addition, it causes a loss of valuable biomass and nutrients and an economic loss. The sustainable management of fruit processing by-products is important to reduce the amount of food waste deposited in landfills and to develop strategies through the irreuse for full valorisation and added economic value. The currently proposed biorefinery only focuses on partial valorisation of fruit waste, which is not completely compatible with the closedloop economy framework and economically feasible due to the low-efficiency bioprocesses. Therefore, there is a need for sustainable conception in the biorefinery approach, which can provide full valorisation of fruit waste according to the circular economy.

Sustainable healthy diets

Author(s): Inga Klimczak,Anna Gliszczyńska-Świgło / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main challenge of our time is, on the one hand, malnutrition or the increasing number of overweight and obese people, and on the other hand, degradation of the environment and natural resources as a result of production. There is an urgent need to promote well-balanced and safe diets that have a low negative impact on the environment, while being culturally acceptable and economically accessible to all. This chapter discusses the concept of a “sustainable healthy diet” in the context of international and national dietary guidelines as well as the environmental impact of production and consumption of selected food groups and types of dietary patterns.

Poredbeno istraživanje Sretna grada Frane Petrića i Kućnika Josipa Stjepana Reljkovića

Author(s): Zlata Živakoviž Kerže / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The reflection of the renaissance economic ideas in Slavonia can be traced on certain level in Josip Stjepan Reljković’s Kućnik. The content of that book, which was published in Osijek in 1796, as well as of the Frane Petrić’s La città felice, which was published in 1551, are highly influenced by the economic idea of a human as the social being. In the beginning of Reljković’s Kućnik and in Petrić’s La città felice one can easily found statement that economic wealth is foundation for the development of the village as well as of the city. By analyzing these two books, one can argue that there are various topics on “agrarian-economic relations”. Both authors, Reljković and Petrić, by their writings, wanted to educate new generations in order to accomplish basic idea of social community of which foundation would be assurance of primary human components – soul and body. Therefore, the renaissance economic ideas can easily be seen in providing necessities for human diet. Furthermore, Petrić’s work is some sort of a handbook for agriculture and livestock farming which are “a work hard and full of anxieties, and for them you need strong men who can bear it”, while Reljković teaches and cautions Slavonian peasant what “every kućnik” need to know. Finally, the origin of “instructive literature for farmers”, among which is Kućnik, is in the instructive calendars of Johann Colerus (Johann Zorn 1560-1639), and these type of was spread not only in the German speaking areas but also in the whole Europe, it is obvious that these ideas were present in Slavonia in 18th century and that they were spread by the circulation of Reljković’s book.

Shqipëria dhe shqiptarët e Azerbajxhanit

Author(s): Kopi KYÇYKU / Language(s): Albanian Publication Year: 0

Mbretëria Shqiptare, si një ngrehinë shtetërore e hershme dhe e rëndësishme, e shfaqur në pjesën veriore të Azerbajxhanit të sotëm, shtrihej nga Kaukazi i Vogël, në rrjedhën e poshtme të lumenjve Kura dhe Araks, deri në degëzimet verilindore të vargmaleve të Kaukazit të Sipërm. Shqiptarët kaukazianë, sikurse shprehej Straboni, jetonin midis “Iberikëve dhe Detit Kaspik”.

Financial Mechanisms of the European Union to Support of Agri-Food Niche Companies of Fish Farmers and Foresters in Crises Situations

Author(s): Speranța-Liliana Neagu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In a continuous dynamic of climate change affecting farmers and fish farmers and taking into account the current geopolitical context and its negative effects, new European financial solutions should be identified to mitigate or combat them. Research methods used: case study, sociological method and research hypothesis/theory. Ferenda law proposals: 1. amending the Charter of the United Nations (UN)3 ; 2. the creation of an EU financing line for the creation and modernization of niche companies with social and environmental components, with a strong argument for the creation and preservation of public goods; launching proposals for revising the Multiannual Financial Framework, with celerity; 3. New EU support measures through the Social Climate Fund for accidental cases; 4. innovative insurance system.

Анализ на потреблението на биологични продукти в България и страни-членки на ЕС (2019-2025 г.)

Author(s): Kamelia Dragomirova Hadjiilieva-Biedermann / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The changes in the consumption of organic products is highly dynamic since advent of the market for organic foods and cosmetics. Consumers show a high responsiveness to the actual economic situation, depending on multiple factors. This work focuses on the EU while the Covid-19 pandemic and before the current high inflation period. A short term forecast according the market development is given, based on different variants for motivation and goals of the main players in the market.

Sustainable and Inclusive Transformation of the Bulgarian Rural Areas: Challenges and Prospects

Author(s): Svetlana Aleksandrova-Zlatanska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The European Green Deal, the “Farm to Fork” strategy, the Long-Term Vision for EU Rural Areas - 2040 are key strategic documents that set out the goals for improving the economic and social well-being of people and for the efficient use of natural resources in rural areas. The processes of urbanization and deterioration of the demographic structure in rural areas deepened the regional imbalance in Bulgaria. Consequently, there is a need to change the traditional model of development to a new one based on digital technologies. The aim is to analyze the extent to which the goals for sustainable, inclusive and carbon neutral development of rural areas can be achieved in Bulgaria.