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Profile d’une Ville Albanaise de l’Epoque Ottomane: Gjirokastra aux XVe-XVIe Siècles

Author(s): Ferit Duka / Language(s): French Issue: 01/2003

L’histoire de la ville de Gjirokastra est longue est intéressante. En particulier la position stratégique enviée de cette ville (elle contrôlait toutes les voies qui entraient et sortaient dans la vallée de Drino) l’avait rendue très préférable pour les maîtres autochtones et étrangers, pour y installer leurs sièges, conférant ainsi à Gjirokastra les attributions du centre administratif des différentes politiques créées dans cette région-là. Au moins depuis les profondeurs du moyen âge cette ville a pris place dans les chroniques et autres témoignages historiques qui jettent de la lumière sur des aspects divers des développements politiques, économiques et culturels survenus au cours des siècles en Albanie, en particulier dans sa partie méridionale (en Epire).

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New political geography

Author(s): Jakub Potulski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

Contemporary world is changing at an incredibly fast pace. IT revolution and globalization processes have led to a deep transformation of our social life and the change of relations between human activity and space in which this activity takes place. Growing correlation on a global scale, mutual conditioning of what is global (external) and what is local (internal), high mobility of people, capital, ideas flowing freely on a global scale affect the increasing permeability of borders, which to a lesser extent perform their functions. Political geography, which as a scientific discipline focusing on the spatial aspects of human activity, must find an answer to the question how to analyze spatial systems in their relation to power in the world where majority of processes assumes global character, spatial distances in their current meaning lose their importance, and human activity is often separated and independent from a specific location in space. In the submitted article the author argues that political geography has undergone deep changes that create a “new political geography”

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Elements and outils for generating crossborder systemic functionality at Romanian/Ukrainian border (northern sector)

Author(s): Alexandru Ilies,Dorina Camelia Ilies,Jan Wendt,Corina Tatar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

On 440.1 km the EU border section stretches which coincides with the Romanian-Ukrainian one (northern section), the territorial backdrop is characterized in the terms of morphology by a great landscape and altitude variety (from 200 to 1,900 m). Using the tools and methods certified in the specialized literature, we set forth a typology of the border areas, namely indicators related to the management, position, border accessibility, an important step in the elaboration of a cross-border cooperation or interregional strategies. Knowledge of the territorial administrative units under their position, the morphometric, morphographic and morphodynamic aspect represents the key of such a scientific step which will lay at the basis of the modelling of a crossborder territorial system with an enhanced functionality. Meanwhile, we obtain the border position and the border connectivity of the contiguous territorial administrative units as realistically as possible or found close to the border.

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Реформа византијског војно-територијалног уређења у доба Јустинијана II

Author(s): Miloš Cvetković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 53/2016

This paper offers a contribution to the research of the initial stages in the evolution of the thematic system. It focuses on the role of Emperor Justinian II in the formation of the new imperial military and territorial organization. Byzantine scholars have determined a long time ago that it is Justinian II who should be credited with the founding of new military districts (themes) in Hellas and Sicily. This paper, however, suggests that the formation of the themes in Thrace and Kibyrrhaiotai could also be considered a part of Justinian’s policy. In addition, the paper aims to highlight Justinian’s role in the formation of the frontier military and administrative system (the kleisourai of Strymon and Cappadocia), as well as in the reform of military and territorial organization in the Aegean basin. By creating new army units which were not based on the Late Roman heritage, Justinian essentially abandoned the principles that the Byzantine army had previously functioned on. Finally, the paper highlights the fact that the establishment of new thematic units under Emperor Justinian II was coupled with his extensive colonization measures.

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HISTORIJA LIVNA, SJEDIŠTA KLIŠKOG SANDŽAKA, U VRIJEME OSMANSKE VLADAVINE

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HISTORIJA LIVNA, SJEDIŠTA KLIŠKOG SANDŽAKA, U VRIJEME OSMANSKE VLADAVINE

Author(s): Zilha Mastalić Košuta / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 61-62/2014

Grad Livno nalazi se u jugozapadnoj Bosni i Hercegovini, u području Dinarskih Alpi. Leži na 724 m nadmorske visine na istoku centralnog dijela Livanjskog polja, većim dijelom na obroncima i u podnožju brda Bašajkovac, iz kojeg izvire kraška rijeka Bistrica. Livanjska kotlina bila je naseljena i u predhistorijsko doba. O tome svjedoče mnogobrojni ostaci materijalne kulture- gromile i gradine, kao i pojedinačni nalazi iz najstarijeg vremena ljudskih naseobina. U vrijeme rimske ekspanzije na Balkansko poluostvro, Livanjsko polje bilo je postojbina velikog ratničkog ilirskog plemena Dalmata, koje su nakon višegodišnjih borbi, Rimljani uspjeli pokoriti. Iz tog perioda očuvan je ostatak trase rimskog vojnostrateškog puta preko prevoja Vaganj na Dinari i druge slične saobraćajnice. Izvori koji se odnose na historiju Livna i livanjskog kraja, prije dolaska Osmanlija, su veoma šturi i rijetki, pa nemamo potpuno jasnu sliku o tom periodu i susrećemo se sa pretpostavkama.

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TRAGOVI OSMANLIJSKE VLADAVINE U CRNOGORSKOJ TOPONIMIJI I ANTROPONIMIJI
NA PRIMJERU OKOLINE SPUŽA

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TRAGOVI OSMANLIJSKE VLADAVINE U CRNOGORSKOJ TOPONIMIJI I ANTROPONIMIJI NA PRIMJERU OKOLINE SPUŽA

Author(s): Vukić Pulević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 61-62/2014

Orjentalizmi, uglavnom turcizmi, veoma su prisutni u crnogorskom jeziku i toliko su stopljeni sa autohtonom leksikom da ih je u dosta slučajeva teško razlikovno identifikovati. I pored toga turcizmi u Crnoj Gori nijesu specijalistički izučavani, niti o njima u lingvističkoj literaturi postoje tematizovani radovi, studije ili rječnici. Ovo isto može se reći i za onomastiku kao važnu lingvističku didciplinu. Ovđe se na prvom mjestu misli na toponimiju i antroponimiju sa apelativima iz orjentalnih jezika, što je i predmet našega priloga

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Vliv genia loci východní fronty 1. světové války na rozvoj přeshraniční spolupráce ve slovensko-polsko-ukrajinském přeshraničním regionu

Author(s): Jaroslav Vencálek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2017

People are attributing specific meanings to individual places (regions) by their activity and thus they are visualizing their life ideas. In this way genius loci (genius regionis) is developed in human consciousness. This social value of the landscape, generated by the generational accumulation of human experience, forms the central part of the potential of places and regions. It is well known that the activation of the socio-economic potential of the country, including genius loci (genius regionis), contributes even to the development of cross-border cooperation. An example may be the fact that (after more than one hundred years) a genius locus of the Eastern Front of the World War I has become the generator of the development of cross-border cooperation in the Slovak-Polish-Ukrainian region.

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Халфорд Макиндер и Немачка: између узора и претње

Author(s): Miloš Vojinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2013

This paper examines political and scientific ideas of Halford Mackinder (1861-1947) British geog-rapher, academic and politician. The paper offers a thesis that the most useful way for understand-ing Mackinder’s ideas is to trace their development in context of rising German economy, decline of British industry together with change of Mackinder’s personal view on Germany and his lifelong dedication to prosperity of British Empire. During his carrier German Empire and German scientists represented the most important influence on his work, both scientific and political. Mackinder felt that Prussian army owed its success to German geographers. He compared Heinrich Berghaus, Carl Ritter and Alexander von Humboldt with Otto von Bismarck, Helmuth von Moltke the Elder and Albrecht von Roon. Indicating on German example, Mack-inder wanted to change study of geography in Great Britain…. This research tried to point out how British Empire’s needs shaped science and how one British intellectual reacted to decline of Great Britain in time when Empire’s future didn’t look bright, what was probably best described by Joseph Chamberlain when he described country’s strength as “The weary Titan staggers under too vast orb of his fate”.

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Komisje Specjalne przy Komitetach Żydowskich w Polsce – aspekt geograficzny

Author(s): Alina Cała / Language(s): Polish Issue: 05/2016

The paper concerns the Special Commission, a paramilitary Jewish organisation formed after the pogrom in Kielce (July 5, 1946) in order to defend the Jewish population. It existed for less than one year, yet it had a significant impact on the stabilisation of the life of this community in post-war Poland. Its divisions were meant to be formed at Jewish Committees, though the process was not always consistent. Owing to that, it created its own administrative division, that differed slightly from the one drawn by the Jewish self-government in the Central Committee of Polish Jews (CKŻP). The paper presents the specificity of geographical coverage, where Special Commissions operated.

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Whiteness in Political Rhetoric: A Discourse Analysis of Peruvian Racial-Nationalist “Othering”

Author(s): Luis Escobedo / Language(s): English Issue: 05/2016

Drawing upon Paulo Drinot's works on how racialized assumptions have been central to the transition toward industrialization, and neoliberalism in early 20th-, and early 21st-century Peru, respectively, this monograph analyses how contemporary powerful state agents efficiently naturalize whiteness among Peruvians by equating it with progress and constructing the non-core group as a racialized “Other”, in and through the articulation of language and meaning. I claim that direct, naked, and offensive anticommunist and anti-indigenous language is not the only, or the most efficient, way in which an antagonism is constructed in contemporary Peru. By understanding how whiteness operates in political rhetoric, we will be able to visualize more clearly how even the most common, widely accepted, and allegedly inoffensive expressions can be effective in the construction of racial antagonisms. In order to accomplish these objectives and support these claims, I will engage Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe's theory of discourse.

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Современные тенденции в изучении истории Мурманска

Author(s): Sergey Aleksandrovich Nikonov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 19/2017

The article discusses new trends in the study of the history of Murmansk and the development of Euro-Arctic region. Material for historiographic analysis were the results of the scientific conference “Murman and the Russian Arctic: past, present, future”, held from 26 to 28 September 2016 in the Murmansk Arctic State University. During the conference there was discussed a wide range of issues of history, ethnology, archeology of the Kola North. But the main focus of the conference was the history and development of Murmansk and the Euro-Arctic region in the XX century. Raised questions allow to speak about formation of new directions in the study of the history of the city. These include projects for the development of “socialist” Murmansk, “places of memory” of the city — the lost and surviving, the demographics and social structure, social infrastructure development, the contribution of engineers in the development of the town, and several others. Self-direction in work of the conference was the consideration of the provisions of the unequal groups premilitary Murmansk, and also the fate of Norwegians and Finns, who lived in the Murmansk region and subjected to repressions in the 1930s. Become relevant on the issues of development of transport communications in the Euro-Arctic region and the role of Murmansk in their organization. So, attention was drawn to the role of the Murmansk (Kirov) railroad in the development of a transport hub in the period before the great Patriotic war, the projects of the organization of the Northern sea route in the post-revolutionary period, the role of Russian-Norwegian trade in the economic development of Murman.

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Anadolu’da Ortaçağ Lojistik Merkezleri; Selçuklu Liman Kentleri

Author(s): Koray Özcan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 53/2017

In the Seljuk Period, the Anatolia urban network and transportation system taken from Byzantine Empire were re–organized by the multi–purpose economic policies in order to increase the international trading potentials and develop the agricultural production. So, it is said that the port cities of Mediterranean and Black Sea were played a key role in Seljuk both economic and military policies. In this context the port cities functioned and acted like logistic centers for the overseas military operations and international trading activities in the urban network and transportation system in Anatolia. In that vein, this study attempts to examine the spatial patterns and functional characteristics of the port cities under Seljuk control in Anatolia. Here, the methodological framework is mostly based on examination of the original historical documents, archaeological findings and architectural remains with the numismatics, and also transferring those data on to the maps. It is considered that this study is contributed to identify the port cities with locational conditions for logistic center potentials in the context of the historical geography of Anatolia.

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Hărţi istorice interactive şi animate

Author(s): Adriana Bogdan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 55/2016

Digital historical maps may display on the screen of intelligent devices more than spatial representations, valid at a certain specific, located moment. Interactive maps are rounded up by complementary information, which becomes visible by activating certain layers while placing / activating the mouse in a certain position on the map (on either a bookmark or on the legend). GIS Maps, represented through geographic coordinates, complete the information by data extracted from associated data bases, the 3D maps add the space visualization perception as well, whereas virtual maps bring forward virtual reconstructions of artifacts / historical objectives. Animated maps display evolutions of certain events unfolded over time and space (temporal maps) or any other types of modifications (non-temporal maps). The visual information may be completed by acoustic effects or by explanatory information in audio format. The target public is formed of teachers, pupils, students and history lovers regardless their age, who access the information on computers, tablets or smart phones.

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PANAĐURIŠTE, BARATOVA AND SOLOČUŠA IN SREBRENICA IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY

Author(s): Adib Đozić,Rusmir Djedović / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2017

The subject of discussion in this article is the final northern part of the city of Srebrenica in the late 19th century. Those are the parts of the city known as: Panađurište, Baratova and Soločuša. The last part stretches further to the north, down the valley of the river Križevica and sets deeply between old settlements Fojhar and Gostilj, towards the settlement Likari. The urban-geographical characteristics of certain part of Srebrenica,according to the state from 1894, are discussed mostly.For detailed overview and analysis of the characteristics of Panađurište, Baratova and Soločuša were mostly used so far unused sources from the late 19th century. Those are the Land Registry cartridges with properties and owners in the are in 1894, that were later also updated in the 1882-1885 Cadastrial Plans for that part of CM Srebrenica, and that were also later updated.

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PANAĐURIŠTE, BARATOVA I SOLOČUŠA U SREBRENICI KRAJEM 19. STOLJEĆA

Author(s): Rusmir Djedović,Adib Đozić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2017

The subject of discussion in this article is the final northern part of the city of Srebrenica in the late 19th century. Those are the parts of the city known as: Panađurište, Baratova and Soločuša. The last part stretches further to the north, down the valley of the river Križevica and sets deeply between old settlements Fojhar and Gostilj, towards the settlement Likari. The urban-geographical characteristics of certain part of Srebrenica, according to the state from 1894, are discussed mostly.For detailed overview and analysis of the characteristics of Panađurište, Baratova and Soločuša were mostly used so far unused sources from the late 19th century. Those are the Land Registry cartridges with properties and owners in the are in 1894, that were later also updated in the 1882-1885 Cadastrial Plans for that part of CM Srebrenica, and that were also later updated.

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HISTORIJSKO-GEOGRAFSKE KARAKTERISTIKE NASELJA HUMCI KRAJEM 19. STOLJEĆA – KRATAK PREGLED

Author(s): Rusmir Djedović,Samid Latifović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2014

U narednom radu se daje pregled historijsko-geografskih karakteristika naselja Humci krajem 19. stoljeća. Posebno se obrađuju urbano-geografske i demografske karakteristike naselja. Pregled se daje na osnovu do sada u nauci nekorištenih izvora sa kraja 19. stoljeća. Radi se o najstarijim gruntovnim knjigama za naselje Humci iz 1888. godine.

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MAHALA ČIRIŠ - RAZVOJ PROŠLOSTI

Author(s): Edin Šaković,Rusmir Djedović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 15/2003

Mahala Čiriš smještena je na prisojnim stranama brda Grič, s desne strane rijeke Sokoluše, paralelno sa gračanièkom čaršijom. Radi se o blagim padinama, sa toplim i osunčanim jugoistočnim i južnim ekspozicijama. Mahala zauzima jedan od najpovoljnijih geografskih položaja za razvoj naselja na široj teritoriji Gračanice, a proteže se od 187 do 220 m nadmorske visine.

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Altinova’da (Ayvalik-Balikesir) doğal çevre değişmeleri ile tarih öncesi dönemden günümüze etkileri

Author(s): Ertuğ Öner,Serdar Vardar / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Special/2017

Altınova is a delta formed by alluvium carried by Madra river filling the east edge of depression extending in the direction of NW-SE between Edremit and Çandar depressions. Rising of the sea level after the last glacial maximum (Holocene transgression) led to significant changes in the Altınova-like coastal regions and the shoreline was reshaped. In order to reveal these changes, 22 drilling holes were drilled in Altınova between 1995 and 1998, and 10 drilling holes were drilled between 2012 and 2015.The paleogeography and geoarchaeology of the delta-coastal basin were evaluated by analysis of drilling samples and C14 dating. As a result of the research, three main periods were determined in the alluvial development of Altınova in the Holocene.These; Early Holocene transgression period, Middle Holocene marine sedimentation period, Late Holocene deltaflood plain development. It was determined that the first settlement, Yeniyeldeğirmeni Höyük (Early Bronze), was located along the 5000 BP coast and there were an old lagoon and a coastal barrier in part of this coast extending to the north of the delta. The shoreline that has been filled with alluvial deposits has been progressing seaward for the last 7000 years but after the construction of the Madra dam, it has begun to progress landward.

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Gökçeada’nin (Çanakkale) paleocoğrafya özellikleri ve jeoarkeolojisi

Author(s): Serdar Vardar,Ertuğ Öner / Language(s): Turkish Issue: Special/2017

Gökçeada is located on the north-east of the Aegean Sea, on the north-west of the Çanakkale strait. In the lower part of the valley of Büyükdere, which is the biggest stream of Gökçeada, there is Yeni Bademli mound which is a settlement of 5000 years ago. 44 core drillings in alluvial area around 204 the mound and 6 drillings around the salt lake have carried out. Paleogeography and geoarchaeological evaluations were made as a result of the analysis of the drilling samples. According to these; it was understood that there was a deep valley in Pre-Holocene in the lower part of Büyükada, sea has entered into this area with the Holocene transgression and a ria type bay have been formed. It was determined that, this bay was started to be filled with alluvium as sea level rising stopped 6000 years ago. Yeni Bademli mound was at the end of a small ridge extending from east to west in the central part of the bay. In previous times, this area, which was a small peninsula, is now a small hill about 10 meters in relative height on flood plain. Also, it is understood that the salt lake was in a tectonic depression bounded by shallow coastal barriers.

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Soko, tvrdava slobode

Author(s): Omer Hamzić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 11/2001

U neka davna, pradavna vremena tri djevojke, tri sestre međusobno su se hvalisale: najstarija - da će izgraditi grad ljepši od svih gradova, srednja - da ce načiniti grad srebrnog sjaja, a najmlađa da će imati grad sokolovog leta. Tako nekako nastadoše tri srednjovjekovna bosanska grada u ovom kraju: Gračanica, Srebrenik i Soko. Od njih ostadoše samo stare zidine i predanje iz kojeg tek ponešto saznajemo o životu naših dalekih predaka na ovim prostorima.

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