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Колебания уровня моря в конце плейстоцена – первой половине голоцена

Author(s): Igor V. Bruyako,Igor V. Sapozhnikov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2009

The article characterizes transgressive-regressive sea level changes in the Black Sea – Azov Sea basin in connection with the dynamics of spatial distribution and density of sites and main cultural-historical processes that took place in the Upper Palaeolithic – Eneolithic in the region. In addition, it provides a critical assessment of the popular theory of catastrophic “Noah’s Deluge on the Black Sea” by V. Rein and V. Pitman, as well as a number of archaeological migration concepts (L.L. Zaliznyak, V.A. Dergaciov etc.), based on the sea level change.

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Висинска дистрибуција као фактор неких просторно- демографских промена у развоју насеља општине књажевац

Author(s): Sanja Pavlović,Marijana Jančić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2007

The paper analyzes dependence of spatial-demographic tendencies in the development of 86 settlements of Knjaževac community on their hypsometric distribution. It deals with absolute and relative changes of total amount of population, agricultural population, as well as the populational size of settlements. The whole municipality is characterized with the concentration of the population in the lower hypsometric zones, settlements becoming smaller and, with the exception of the town centre, negative demographic developmental tendencies. Statistical analysis done on a period between 1971-2002 shows the dependence of majority of analyzed indexes on their altitude zone.

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Научни опус Јована Цвијића посвећен источној Србији

Author(s): Stevan M. Stanković,Sanja Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2006

The scientific creation of Jovan Cvijić (1865–1927) is big and heterogeneous. The famous scientist was occupied in physical and social geography with the same success. His scientific papers about Serbia are very important. Serbia and Balkan peninsula were the subject of his systematic investigations for forty years. The bibliography of Jovan Cvijić's scientific papers about Serbia and Balkan peninsula is rich and citated very frequently.

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O антропогеографским истраживањима насеља југоисточне Србије

Author(s): Srboljub, Đ. Stamenković,Dragica R. Gatarić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2006

Settlements in South Eastern Serbia (1439 in total) were anthropogeographically researched in past, mostly few decades ago. Some newer studies of settlements and origins of population, since the beginning of 90s until present, mostly have been treating the issues of particular settlements. Cvijic’s anthropogeographic conception, established in the early phase of development of scientific geography in Serbia at the end of 19th century, has been prevailing in the research of villages. In the research of urban settlements, modern complex geographical approach has been prevailing, neglecting the anthropogeographical attributes. The necessity of scientifically funded anthropogeographic knowledge on settlements, in this as well as in other areas of Serbia, is evident, both in science and in different fields of social practice. This knowledge would be based on traditional achievements of Serbian anthropogeographic school, as well as on contemporary achievements in the area of investigations of settlements.

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Глацијална језера Буни и Језерце – Албанија

Author(s): Milovan Milivojević,Jelena Kovačević-Majkić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2005

The paper presents glacial lakes and glacial relief forms at the foothill of the peak Maja Јezerces in Mt. Prokletije in Albania, near the border with Montenegro. The group of lakes Buni and Jezerce, which consists of six lakes and which genetically belongs to glacial-erosional lakes, is analyzed. Lakes are situated at the cirque bottom, between the moraines and limestone ridges. Except presented morphometric characteristics of lake basins, data about cirque are given, as well as the reconstruction of the glacier which was formed here. Recent erosion processes are intensive in this area and have considerably changed post-Pleistocene morphology of the lake, as well as the cirque bottom.

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Термички режим Неготинске Крајине

Author(s): Ljiljana Živković,Nenad Živković,Marina Janić-Siridžanski / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2005

Negotin Krajina geographically belongs to Mezian tablet that means it is widely open to the influences from the East but main air influences come from the West and North-West causes specific thermal characteristics. Meteorological station “Negotin” is the only one respectable station in the Krajina then we analyze results from various periods since 1901. It is important to emphasize that station “Negotin” doesn’t have work continuity since the beginning of the century, thus for analyzing certain climate elements we have had to use method of analogy with station “Zajecar”. A part of that, observations were not done by the same methodology so there is lack of some important indicators for this first period. To determine air thermo-regime of Negotin Krajina during 20 century, standard periods (1901-1930., 1931-1960. and 1961-1990.) for analyzing climate elements, suggested by WMO, were compared. Also, periods from 1925. to 1940. and from 1990. to 2000. were added to this analysis (according to data we had).

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Висински градијенти падавина у Србији

Author(s): Nenad Živković,Goran Anđelković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2004

Using average annual precipitations data for period 1961-90. from all rain gauges in Serbia, southern of Sava and Danube rivers, the map of altitude precipitations gradient is constructed. 59 regions homogenious for relation X = f (H) are obtained by regression analysis method (two-dimensional type, X – precipitation height and H – altitude). Some new method are applied, some limitations are shown, some regularities are found in disposition of precipitation growth and it is indicated on practical application of this method in physico-geographical research.

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Јован Цвијић о настави и науци

Author(s): Stevan M. Stanković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2004

After educating in Loznica, Šabac, Belgrade and Vienna, Jovan Cvijić (Loznica 1865, Belgrade 1927) became a full-professor on a High school, which turned into University in Belgrade in 1905 (Jovan Cvijić rector in 1906–1907 and 1919–1920). As a professor and scientist he noted one epoch with important inventions and that’s the reason why even today are considered results oh his investigations in Serbia and Balkan peninsula. The biggest number of information about teaching and science Jovan Cvijić permitted in article „About Science Work and Our University”, which was printed in 1907.

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Колебање температуре ваздуха у Србији у другој половини XX века

Author(s): Milan Radovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2004

According to data of IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel for Climatic Change), the global surface air temperature increased to 0,6 ± 0,2 °C in the 20th century. Weber G. R., (1995) quotes that there is a trend of cold in the last 60 years in the middle latitudes including Europe, too. Starting from already mentioned perplexities we have tried to perceive the problem of climate variability in Serbia in the second half of the 20th century, when it came to very important increasing of concentration of CO2. With that aim we observed the decade values of average annual temperatures in the network of 20 climatic stations. In the period 1951 - 1990 a decrease of temperature was registered in 13 stations while in other stations an increase was less than 0,1 °C. Explorers from Bulgaria (Аlexandrov V., 2000) and Hungary (Domonkos P., Zoboki J., 2000) came to similar results, too. However, if we take in account the last decade 20th century the number of stations with positive changes is enlarged on 15. Stations that have small changes and those with decrease of temperature were localized in the south and south - eastern part of the country, and they are mainly coincided with before separated climatic regions with maritime pluviometric regime (Radovanovic M., 2001). Using Dzerdzevskis B. L., (1975) division on three main types of circulation in the north hemisphere, we found that the increase of temperatures in the last decade 20th century is above all caused by change of dominant type of circulation from the south meridian to zonal. An analysis of seasonal changes showed that in the last five decades 20th century it came to decrease of winter temperatures in almost half of the stations in contrast with results of paleoclimatics models of posible greenhouse effect.

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Основне карактеристике београдског острва топлоте

Author(s): Goran Anđelković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2003

The influence of the man on the city atmosphere and climate is manifested in the change of the values of all the climatic elements. Since from the beginning of the 19th century, it is cosidered that the climatic influence of the urbanization is most clearly manifested in the air temperature. To be more precise, all cities, big and small, have a higher air temperature than their immediate surroundings. And so, a urban heat island is being formed. That goes for Belgrade too. The intensity and the proportions of this phenomenon are changing within time and space. Precisely this problem is being discussed in this paper.

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LUVİLER: BİR ANADOLU UYGARLIĞI İLE İLGİLİ ÇALIŞMALAR

Author(s): Eberhard Zangger,Serdal Mutlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 24/2016

A catalogue of Middle and Late Bronze Age sites in western Asia Minor is currently established in the framework of a project supported by the University of Zurich. By the end of 2016, information about at least 340 sites will be available online and thus accessible to researchers and the general public. The sites are systematically registered for the first time and brought into context with rivers, lakes, arable floodplains, ore deposits, and trade routes. The sites’ coordinates have been entered into a Geographic Information System to analyze human-landscape interrelations. These settlements provide evidence that western Asia Minor was densely inhabited during the 2nd millennium BCE. A network of petty states and cities existed between the Mycenaean civilization on mainland Greece and the Hittite civilization in central Anatolia.

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YENİ ASUR DÖNEMİ’NDE YUKARI DİCLE BÖLGESİ VE TARİHİ COĞRAFYA İÇİN BAZI ÖNERİLER

Author(s): Atakan Akçay,Serdar ÖZBİLEN / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 15/2018

The Upper Tigris Region, which has a large underground and overground richness, forms the geographical boundaries of this research. 11th century BC, The Assyrian State, which began to reign in the region, became the pioneer of a number of applications in the sense of professional state awareness. 9th century BC, the Neo Assyrian State has adopted a perfect administrative structure and has left behind a number of material cultural items while residing in the region. Interpretation of existing materials will contribute to what purpose Assyrian presence in the region emerges. The clues lie in the interpretation of ceramic traditions, rock reliefs, stellar, clay tablets, burial customs and philological sources. The chronological boundary of the our work includes the Neo Assyrian period. As a result of the deployment of the new Assyrian state in the region, the examination of its relations with the Nairi, Arami and Şubria societies provides us with important information about the propagation policy. A number of interpretations put forward within the geography and chronological boundaries mentioned in this study have been tried to be put forward together with archaeological and philological sources.

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Tamno more u spisu De administrando imperio: Baltičko ili Crno?

Author(s): Milenko Lončar,Teuta Serreqi Jurić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 54/2018

In his work De Administrando Imperio, Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (913-959) differentiates between two Croatias – the Dalmatian or “baptized” Croatia, and the “unbaptized” one, which is also identified by using the terms “Great” or “White Croatia”, an area whence its inhabitants, the White Croats, moved to Dalmatian Croatia. The original homeland of the Croats is localized in several chapters of the text – in chapter 30, where the author uses geographical designations such as “beyond Bavaria” and “against Francia”, as well as in chapter 32, where he says that the White Croats and the Franks are neighbours of “the unbaptized Serbs, also called 'white', who live beyond Turkey in a place called by them Boïki”. The most precise localization is, however, found in Chapter 31, where, other than stylizations such as “beyond Turkey” (i.e. Hungary) and “next to Francia”, or ethnopolitical terms such as “the Turks” (= Hungarians), “the Franks”, “the White Serbs”, or “the Pechenegs”, the author cites the exact distance from the “Dark Sea”, which amounts to thirty days of travel on foot. In identifying the “Dark Sea”, historiographic research has, until now, mostly been divided on the issue of whether or not the Emperor, when using this name (i.e. the Dark Sea), was referring to the Baltic Sea or the Black Sea.

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Historical Atlas of Polish Towns. Between Source Edition and the Cartographic Presentation of Research on the History of Towns

Author(s): Roman Czaja / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2018

The article presents the organizational frameworks and methodological problems connected with undertaking the editorial project titled “Historical Atlas of Polish Towns”, which is a part of the international initiative “European Historical Town Atlas” under the auspices of International Commission for the History of Towns. The author underlines a diversified source foundations for the base maps’ edition, which, in case of “Historical Atlas of Polish Towns”, was a measurement map; for the towns located in the area of the former Austrian Partition the maps elaborated within the cadastre in 1819–1859 served as a basis of the edition. However, in the former Prussian Partition (Silesia and Pomerania), the cadastre maps elaborated on the grounds of the bill from 1961 proved to be more problematic – the defects of particular map sheets and their incomplete condition forced the editors to use the maps elaborated in different times and according to different measurements. In the article, a great scientific value of the maps’ reproductions is presented, an attempt to characterize the maps on the spatial development of the cities is undertaken, and urban history studies on particular topics are mentioned. In the conclusions, the determinants and scientific objectives resulting in the changes in the editorial principles and the content of the published European Atlases are addressed. The primary trends identified are the postulate to include in the atlases the cartographic sources and historical and iconographic materials from the 19th and 20th century, as well as the use of Geographic Information Systems in publishing the editorial achievement in the form of geoportals or other electronic resources.

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Historical Cartography of Confessions and Religions in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Between Historical Geography and Spatial History

Author(s): Bogumił Szady / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2018

Historical thematic cartography devoted to confessional or, in yet broader terms, religious problematic enjoys a stable status in Poland. Religious issues have usually been treated in a two-fold way: 1. as the major subject of historical cartography, 2. as a component of historical cartography concerned with socio-cultural or historical-political problematic. The former embraces the tradition of the Centre for Research on (earlier Institute of ) Historical Geography of the Church in Poland (Catholic University of Lublin), whereas the latter – the works of the Historical Atlas of Poland (Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences). Even though the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was a multi-religious and multi-confessional country (including both Christian and non-Christian faiths), the majority of hitherto cartographic studies was predominantly preoccupied with institutions, peoples and religious practices of the Latin Church, which enjoyed a preferential systemic and socio-economic status in the Commonwealth. For decades, Polish historical cartography focused on the reconstruction of territorial structures and multi-level administrative divisions. The meticulousness and methodology of these approaches varied greatly, ranging from small-scale schematic maps of dioceses, to very detailed inventory maps of parochial borders (the “Historical Atlas of Poland” series). Its thematic development Polish cartography of confessions owes to professor Jerzy Kłoczowski who made the geographical- historical method one of the pillars of studies into socio-religious history, strongly influenced by the French “Annales” school. The Centre for Research on Historical Geography of the Church in Poland at the Catholic University of Lublin is the only scientific institution in Poland whose research profile and methodology focus on geography and historical cartography of religions and confessions. The vast cartographic material collected over many decades forestalled a full development of cartographic research methodology and the subsequent evolution from cartographic presentation to analysis and interpretation, which had been advocated by Kłoczowski already in the 1960s. The introduction of innovative technological devices to geographical-historical research, specifically databases and systems of spatial information, have opened anew the discussion on the opportunities for integrating data with methods of their analysis. Through its connection to other layers of the landscape of the past historical geography of confessions and religions is now becoming a crucial element of spatial history. Importantly, its inclusive and interdisciplinary character tallies well with the programme formulated by Le Bras and Kłoczowski, within the framework of which institutions, peoples and religious practices should be presented alongside other elements of social, economic and cultural life. Only this may facilitate a proper assessment and description (both quantitative and qualitative) of religious practices, helping to properly interpret factors which have influenced the development of religious institutions and practices.

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The Spatial Database Development for Research on Settlements and Afforestation in Nowy Tomyśl Plain in Early Modern Times

Author(s): Tomasz Panecki,Tomasz Związek,Grzegorz Myrda / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2018

In the article, a process of elaboration of a database on afforestation reconstruction in Nowy Tomyśl Plain in the modern era was presented. The aim of the publication was to share the materials acquired from old and current maps and written sources, which are used in the reconstruction of the acreage, borders, and type of the forest in the area under scrutiny. It can be treated as a collection of metadata, in which the methodology of each thematic layer acquisition and elaboration is described. The elements in the database can be divided into four main thematic groups: Basemaps, Settlements and Administrative Divisions, Natural Landscape, and Forest Reconstruction Data. The basemaps comprise the Prussian georeferenced old maps: Gilly-Crons’ map (1:50,000, the end of the 18th century) and maps in scale 1:25,000: Urmesstischblatter (first half the 19th century) and Messtischblatter (second half of the 19th century). In order to graphically connect the historical to the current data, the topographical map and a Digital Elevation Model acquired from Geoportal were used. The application also includes the settlements, administrative divisions: form the 16th century (on the basis of the last HAP volume) and the 18th century (reconstructed for the purpose of this project on the basis of the old maps and written sources). In the Natural Landscape thematic group, there is data on hydrography and afforestation dating back to the end of the 18th century (Gilly- -Cron’s map) and the first half of the 19th century (Urmesstischblatter). The crucial objects from the perspective of the conducted analysis are those on afforestation. Their choice was based on the potential to reconstruct the extent, borders, and types of forests in the said area in the 16th century. Thus, worth mentioning are: data on Dutch settlement dynamics in the 18th century, potential forest area per a village, results of Archaeological Survey of Poland, onomastic information, or even the information on the vegetation type acquired from the written sources, and old and current maps. All the above can be analysed in the application, though they can also be downloaded if the need arises in the form of a geodatabase (*.mdb) and analysed further by the more advanced users.

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Реки Рудон, Турунт и Хезин в античной традиции

Author(s): Anatolij A. Alexandrov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2018

The tradition to use ancient nomination for the Eastern European rivers in the Baltic basin had persisted within the period covering the classic antiquity, starting with the works of Hesiod, Aeschilus, Euripides and Herodotus, and till the latest interpolations in 16th—17th centuries. Most distinctly, this tradition is represented in Ptolemy’s works in the 2nd century AD, and Marcianus’s in the 4th century AD. From the west to the east, they mention: the Vistula, the Chron, the Rudon, the Turunt, the Hesin. They are the rivers: the Vistula, the Neman, the Western Dvina and the two water ways: the Turunt — starting from the Polota River to its falling into the Western Dvina, and further through the portage system to the upper reaches of the Velikaya River, then making a turn to the left and up along the Kudeb River, then through a portage system reaching the source of the Smolka River, further along the Bdyokha, and further through Chudskoe Lake reaching the Baltic area. The Hesin waterway starts from the source of the Lovat’ River to its confluence with the Ilmen’ Lake, then along the Volkhov River as far as its confluence with the Ladoga, and further along the Neva River as far as its confluence with the Baltic Sea. In this context, of some interest is Propertius’s account of the 1st century BC of some Venetian Eridanos, which is logically assumed to be the Eridanos-Rudon-Western Dvina.

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Charakterystyka prac kartograficznych Stanisława Pachołowieckiego (1580)

Author(s): Kazimierz Kozica / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (42)/2017

The paper consists of two parts. The first presents a detailed description of eight maps and the views of cities included in The Atlas of the Principality of Polotsk by Polish cartographer Stanisław Pachołowiecki. They were printed in Rome in the printing house of Giovanni Battista Cavalieri in 1580. The author describes the whole cycle including both states of the plan of the Siege of Polotsk in 1579 and lists all copies known today. The second part discusses the art featured in these maps, particularly the map of the Principality of Polotsk.

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Atlas Księstwa Połockiego Stanisława Pachołowieckiego z 1580 roku – transkrypcja i przekład

Author(s): Grzegorz Franczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (42)/2017

This paper contains a transcription (modernized according to the norms set out by Academia Latinitati Fovendae) and a Polish translation of titles, inscriptions and Latin explanations, from eight cartographic relics that constitute The Atlas of the Principality of Polotsk, of Stanisław Pachołowiecki (1580).

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Floating Spaces, Symbolic Geography

Author(s): Josef Wolf / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

Floating Spaces, Symbolic Geography – In his response to the Laudatio delivered by Professor Rudolf Gräf, vice-rector of Babeş-Bolyai University, on the occasion of the Doctor Honoris Causa award ceremony, the recipient of the honorary degree, researcher Josef Wolf pays homage to the professors that played a significant formative role during his student years at Babeş-Bolyai University (Pompiliu Teodor, Ştefan Pascu, Liviu Maior, Vasile Vesa, and many others), offers some autobiographical data, and briefly presents his scholarly activity, dominated by his interest in regional history and especially in the history of the Banat Swabians.

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